Chinese dictionary compilers respond to questions about the pronunciation changes of Chinese characters. Have you read them correctly?

  (Reporter Wang Jingping, an intern in Zhang Yue, Li Tao) Recently, an article entitled "The Pinyin of these words has been changed" was screened on social media. In this regard, Liu Danqing, director of the Institute of Linguistics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, replied to the Beijing Youth Daily reporter yesterday, saying that the pronunciation of Chinese characters mentioned in the online text, such as "Riding (qí) the world of mortals laughs" and "The accent has not changed (shuāi)", has not changed.

  Netizens laughed at themselves for "going to a fake school"

  On the 18th, an article entitled "The Pinyin of these words has been changed" was widely circulated on social media, which mentioned, "Because there are many people who mispronounce, ‘ The local accent has not changed, and the hair on the temples has declined (shuāi)’ ‘ Far from Hanshan, the stone path is inclined (xié)’ ‘ Ride (qí) the princess of the world of mortals and laugh ’ The pronunciation in ancient poems has changed. " Some netizens said that the pronunciations of ancient poetry and prose all rhyme. After such changes, ancient poetry and prose lost their original rhyme.

  Yesterday afternoon, Liu Danqing, director of the Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, who compiled and revised Modern Chinese Dictionary and Xinhua Dictionary, replied to the reporter of Beiqing Daily that the pronunciations of Chinese characters such as "riding on the world of mortals (qí) and" shuāi "mentioned in this website have not changed, among which" riding on the world of mortals (qí) and smiling on the princess "have not changed. As for "hair decline on the temples", "decline" has always had the pronunciation of (cu Ρ), which is two special meanings in ancient times. The Modern Chinese Dictionary still retains this pronunciation at present.

  Is there any change in the pronunciation of Chinese characters?

  So is there any change in the pronunciation of Chinese characters? Liu Danqing introduced that the previous phonetic examination was mainly based on the Beijing phonetic system, and the new phonetic examination principle fully considered the development trend of Beijing language, but also properly referred to the degree of communication in Mandarin and other dialect areas. In Beijing dialect, the word "Jing" originally has different pronunciations in the vernacular, with a literal pronunciation of gēng and a vernacular pronunciation of jīng. According to the phonetic development trend of Beijing dialect, the vernacular pronunciation of "Jing" is dying out, while the vernacular pronunciation is more corresponding to other dialects in China, which is more convenient for learning Putonghua. Therefore, the pronunciation of "Jing" is revised from the vernacular pronunciation to the vernacular pronunciation.

  In addition, it is mentioned in the net that the word "Shuo" in the two words that were originally read as "Shuo (Shu) Ke" and "Shuo (Shu) Fu" was changed to "Shu not".

  The reporter of Beiqing Daily noticed that in the latest edition of Modern Chinese Dictionary in 2016, the word "Shuo" in "lobbyist" was pronounced as "(shuō)", but in the latest revised opinion draft of Auditory Table, this word was changed to "Shuo (shuō) ke". In fact, "persuasion" has always been pronounced as "shuō", and there is no pronunciation of "shuō".

  Pronunciation of ancient poetry should be respected.

  Another focus of this controversy lies in the pronunciation of Chinese characters in ancient poetry. Meng Pengsheng, a researcher at the Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, who participated in the development of the new version of the Auditory Table, mentioned, "‘ Riding a princess in the world of mortals and laughing ’ Zhong ‘ Ride ’ Ancient reading when words were used as nouns or quantifiers ‘ jì’ , followed by ‘ Ride (qí)’ The meaning and usage are different, ‘ Riding a princess in the world of mortals and laughing ’ ‘ Ride ’ The word is just in the position of the word. However, there is no such difference in spoken Mandarin today, so the old version and the new version of the Auditory Table have stipulated that ‘ Ride ’ Read as ‘ qí’ 。” Meng Pengsheng believes that, as a national norm, the Auditory Table is applicable to all occasions, and naturally it is also applicable to ancient poems. In principle, reference books and textbooks for primary and secondary school students should not be marked with real "ancient sounds" and so-called "ancient sounds", but the use of some "ancient sounds" in some special occasions, such as ancient poetry recitation activities and other literary forms, should be respected and tolerated, just like the "catchy words" in Beijing opera art.

  How do you pronounce these words?

  ◎ Japonica J χ ng rice is to be changed into Japonica gēng rice.

  ◎ Bleeding xuè is going to be changed to reading the written language in a unified way.

  ◎ Ride a princess in the world of mortals and laugh.

  ◎ Far from Hanshan, the stone path is inclined (xié)

  ◎ The local accent has not changed its hair (shuāi, also read cu:)

  ◎ Say (shuì) guest.

  ◎ Say (shuō not) take.

CCTV "hands in hand" Baidu AI Cloud plans a new future of "media +AI"

       Cctv news On July 17th, the signing ceremony of strategic cooperation between CCTV and Baidu AI Cloud was held in Beijing. This cooperation is one of CCTV’s initiatives to actively build an "artificial intelligence editorial department" under the strategic layout of "5G+4K+AI" of the Central Radio and Television General Station. The two sides will jointly build an artificial intelligence media research and development center, jointly create artificial intelligence products in the media industry, and deeply apply the "cloud +AI" capability to various scenes of CCTV.

V The signing ceremony of strategic cooperation between CCTV and Baidu AI Cloud was held in Beijing (photo by Liu Huicheng)

The signing ceremony of strategic cooperation between CCTV and Baidu AI Cloud was held in Beijing (photo by Liu Huicheng)

  According to the agreement, the cooperation mainly focuses on three aspects: first, jointly establish an artificial intelligence media research and development center; The second is to jointly build artificial intelligence software and hardware products in the media industry; Third, Baidu AI Cloud will provide cloud hosting, CDN, security and other cloud computing services for CCTV. AI technology and products will become an important field of cooperation between CCTV and Baidu AI Cloud.

Speech by Qian Wei, Chairman and General Manager of CCTV (photo by Liu Huicheng) 

Speech by Qian Wei, Chairman and General Manager of CCTV (photo by Liu Huicheng)

  In his speech, Qian Wei, chairman and general manager of CCTV, said that standing at a new starting point of the development of CCTV, CCTV has recalibrated its direction and is undergoing comprehensive transformation and upgrading. This cooperation with Baidu AI Cloud is one of the measures to promote the "5G+4K+AI" strategy of the main station to be put on the multi-terminal platform of CCTV and to build an "artificial intelligence editorial department". It will give full play to the unique advantages of the main station in multi-terminal license plate and large and small screen linkage, innovate media expression and communication methods, develop intelligent products and services for the whole scene, and expand the mainstream public opinion position.

Speech by Yin Shiming, Vice President of Baidu and General Manager of intelligent cloud Business Group (photo by Liu Huicheng)

Speech by Yin Shiming, Vice President of Baidu and General Manager of intelligent cloud Business Group (photo by Liu Huicheng)

  Yin Shiming, vice president of Baidu and general manager of intelligent cloud Business Group, said that as the carrier of the intelligent landing of Baidu AI industry, intelligent cloud integrated the technology and resource advantages accumulated by Baidu for many years and shared them with the industry to accelerate the intelligent upgrading of each industry. CCTV is a benchmark enterprise in the broadcasting industry. The cooperation between Baidu AI Cloud and CCTV will accelerate the application of "Cloud +AI", and the two parties will jointly provide a model for the intelligent upgrade of the media industry.

At the signing ceremony (photo by Liu Huicheng)

At the signing ceremony (photo by Liu Huicheng)

  As the central key news website sponsored by the Central Radio and Television General Station, CCTV is committed to building an "artificial intelligence editorial department", improving news layout, highlighting video features, innovating content expression, forming unique advantages and distinctive features, and giving play to the coverage and communication advantages of "news website+integrated broadcast control platform" with over 100 million users to create the influence of first-class news websites that match the status of the General Station. Baidu has the industry-leading "cloud +AI" capability and will fully empower CCTV.

  Zhao Lei, deputy general manager of CCTV, said that CCTV has built an "artificial intelligence editorial department" according to the strategic layout of "5G+4K+AI" of the Central Radio and Television General Station, continuously increased investment in the field of artificial intelligence, and deeply explored new application scenarios in the aspects of data collation of new media assets, intelligent content tagging and natural language processing of video content. In the future, efforts will be made to make effective use of three resources: First, by strengthening technical cooperation, a series of current political AI products will be launched; Second, do a good job in the mining and diversified expression of video resources and vertical program resources; The third is to give full play to the advantages of the multi-terminal license resources of the main station and to promote the application and development of intelligent large-screen terminals.

  The industry believes that the strategic cooperation between CCTV and Baidu AI Cloud, by embracing new technologies, will build an "artificial intelligence editorial department" and be a practitioner of "5G+4K+AI" all-media application, which will provide users with intelligent multi-scene services and further enhance the communication, guidance, influence and credibility of mainstream new media, and will also accelerate the application of "Cloud +AI" technology in the media industry and explore "Media +AI".

3 15 Market Supervision in Action | A Typical Case of Consumer Rights Protection in Inner Mongolia in 2023

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01 The purchase of therapeutic instrument through Wechat business is invalid and difficult to refund.

[Brief introduction of the case]

Uncle Lu, a consumer, suffers from heart disease. On April 10th, 2023, he bought a semiconductor laser therapeutic instrument produced by Jiutouniao Medical Device Development Co., Ltd. through Wechat business at a cost of 2,280 yuan, hoping to play an auxiliary role in treating the disease through the instrument. The consumer has used it for nearly a month and thinks it has no effect. On May 7th, the consumer asked for a refund, and Wechat business asked him to buy another product to use with it, and the effect was more obvious. The consumer thinks that the operator doesn’t want to return the goods, so it is convenient to complain to Baotou Consumers Association on May 8, 2023, hoping to get help.

【 Processing Process and Results 】

After accepting the complaint, the staff of Baotou Consumers Association checked the chat record between consumers and Wechat business. Wechat business promised that "if the effect is not satisfactory or not within 30 days, he can apply for a refund". The staff contacted Wechat business by phone to ask him to fulfill his promise and was told to contact the manufacturer directly to get a refund. After contact, the consumer will mail the product back to the manufacturer at the request of the other party, and then refund the fee after inspection. In the end, the consumer received a refund of 2280 yuan on May 18th.

[Case Analysis]

Article 16 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests stipulates: "If there is an agreement between the operator and the consumer, they shall perform their obligations according to the agreement, but the agreement between the two parties shall not violate the provisions of laws and regulations." In this case, when the consumer requests a refund according to the operator’s prior commitment, the operator should refund the fee for the consumer according to the commitment. In this case, the consumer shops through Wechat business, and the other party is not a micro-store. This is a private transaction between the two parties, and it is difficult to effectively protect their rights and interests. It is suggested that consumers shop through formal channels to avoid damage to their rights and interests.

Developers use "overlord clause" to exempt from overdue breach of contract.

[Brief introduction of the case]

Xinyuecheng Community, developed and sold by Inner Mongolia Shengda Real Estate Group Co., Ltd., agreed to hand over the house in December 2021, but it was overdue until March 2023. When the consumer handles the handover procedures, the developer marks the "overlord clause" on the delivery contract, and the consumer refuses to hand over the house without signing it, involving more than 20 million yuan of consumer disputes, which has caused complaints from the owners.

【 Processing Process and Results 】

On March 27th, 2023, the Consumers Association of Ulanhot organized a mediation meeting between the two parties at the Social Governance Center of Ulanhot. The staff pointed out that it was illegal for the developer to use the "overlord clause" to exempt himself from his responsibilities and obligations, and it should be stopped immediately, and asked the developer to give a written reply to the Consumers Association of Ulanhot on the reasons for overdue delivery and the situation of stopping using the "overlord clause". After mediation, the two parties reached the following agreements: 1. The respondent stopped using the "overlord clause" and went through the handover formalities according to the contract; 2. Consumers’ right to claim compensation for overdue liquidated damages can bring a lawsuit to the court according to law. On March 31st, the respondent submitted a written explanation of the reasons for overdue delivery and a commitment decision to stop using the "overlord clause".

[Case Analysis]

Article 26 of the Law on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests in People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "Operators shall not make unfair and unreasonable provisions to consumers, such as excluding or restricting consumers’ rights, reducing or exempting operators’ responsibilities, and aggravating consumers’ responsibilities, by means of format clauses, notices, statements, shop notices, etc., and shall not use format clauses and technical means to force transactions. Format clauses, notices, statements, store notices, etc. contain the contents listed in the preceding paragraph, and their contents are invalid. " Article 497 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "In any of the following circumstances, the standard clauses are invalid: (1) There are invalid circumstances stipulated in Section 3 of Chapter VI of Part I of this Law and Article 506 of this Law; (2) The party providing the standard terms unreasonably exempts or lightens its responsibility, aggravates the other party’s responsibility or restricts the other party’s main rights; (3) The party providing the standard terms excludes the main rights of the other party. "

Home improvement merchants failed to fulfill their obligations according to the contract and arbitrarily increased the price.

[Brief introduction of the case]

Ms. Yang, a consumer, complained to the Consumers Association of Wulanhaote, claiming that two contracts were signed at the Oprah Winfrey Home Counter on the second floor of Red Star Macalline on February 19, 2023, which stipulated that the basic disassembly and assembly of her residence was 27,000 yuan and the custom-made wardrobe and cupboard was 67,000 yuan, totaling 94,000 yuan. The construction period was originally scheduled to be two months, but during the construction, the disassembly part was not completed from February 22 to early June. After the customized part was re-scaled, the merchant asked the consumer to pay another 22,000 yuan for reasons such as changing the cabinet material and changing the glass door. The consumer thought that the merchant had any price increase behavior, and verified the price increase part with the person in charge, and the merchant could not provide a clear basis for the price increase part. At the same time, the consumer entrusted others to recheck the measured drawing area, and found that there was an error of 3 square meters. The consumer demanded to cancel the contract and refund the money on the grounds that the merchant was fraudulent. No agreement was reached through mediation organized by the mall management. Consumers complained to the Consumers Association of Wulanhaote City, and provided evidence such as recordings, drawings and project progress records.

【 Processing Process and Results 】

After mediation by the Consumers Association, the merchant first promised to give a refund within 15 days and then repented, indicating that there was no fault. After many investigations and verifications, the staff of the Consumers’ Association think that the operator’s fare increase part does not provide the basis for clearly marking the price; There is an error of 1.2 linear meters between the cabinet area and its measured area; There is also overdue behavior in the construction period. Consumers Association believes that the behavior of merchants has constituted a breach of contract and infringed on the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. After mediation again, the operator refused to refund and withdrew from the mediation site halfway. Consumers Association made a decision to terminate mediation, supported consumers to bring a lawsuit to the court, and handed over the illegal acts of the operator suspected of infringing consumers’ legitimate rights and interests to the market supervision office of the jurisdiction for investigation and punishment according to law, and exposed them through Tik Tok WeChat official account, Wulanhaote Consumers Association. The operator was forced by public opinion to refund 67,000 yuan for consumers.

[Case Analysis]

Article 16 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests stipulates: "Operators shall perform their obligations in accordance with this Law and other relevant laws and regulations when providing commodities or services to consumers. If the operator and the consumer have an agreement, they shall perform their obligations in accordance with the agreement, but the agreement between the two parties shall not violate the provisions of laws and regulations. " Article 577 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that "if a party fails to perform its contractual obligations or fails to meet the contract obligations, it shall bear the liabilities for breach of contract such as continuing to perform, taking remedial measures or compensating for losses." Article 13 of the Price Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "Operators selling, purchasing goods and providing services shall clearly mark the price in accordance with the provisions of the competent pricing department of the government, indicating the commodity name, place of origin, specifications, grade, pricing unit, price or service items, charging standards and other relevant information. Operators are not allowed to sell goods at a higher price than the marked price, and they are not allowed to charge any unspecified fees. "

You need to buy extra glasses to watch 3D movies.

[Brief introduction of the case]

On January 26th, 2023, consumers watched a 3D movie at Moqi jaxa Cinema of Hulunbeier Tianzhixing Film and Television Media Co., Ltd., and the cinema informed consumers that they must buy or bring their own 3D glasses at their own expense to watch the movie, and the cinema did not provide 3D glasses for free. Consumers think it is unreasonable, and cinemas are obliged to provide 3D glasses for free. Consumers and operators failed to negotiate, so they called to complain for help.

【 Processing Process and Results 】

After receiving the complaint, the staff of the Consumer Complaint Mediation Office of Moqi Market Supervision Administration immediately communicated with the person in charge of the cinema to understand the facts. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests, the operator was interviewed to mediate consumer demands. Finally, the operator and the consumer reached a mediation agreement through consultation, and the consumer was refunded the 20 yuan for purchasing 3D glasses, and the accumulated refund for consumers who had bought glasses for the same reason amounted to 200 yuan. The cinema promised to provide free glasses for all consumers who watched 3D movies in the future.

[Case Analysis]

Article 26 of the Law on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests in People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "Operators shall not make unfair and unreasonable provisions to consumers, such as excluding or restricting consumers’ rights, reducing or exempting operators’ responsibilities, and aggravating consumers’ responsibilities, by means of format clauses, notices, statements, shop notices, etc., and shall not use format clauses and technical means to force transactions. Format clauses, notices, statements, store notices, etc. contain the contents listed in the preceding paragraph, and their contents are invalid. " 3D glasses are an indispensable basic condition for watching 3D movies, and the provision of 3D glasses is an integral part of the viewing service. Consumers buy movie viewing services according to the ticket price of 3D movies, and theater operators should provide consumers with all services that meet the requirements of watching movies, including providing consumers with movie viewing facilities such as 3D glasses. It is a typical "unfair format clause" for the cinema to split its own service obligations and pass them on to consumers, which increases the burden on consumers and violates the principle of fairness and good faith. At the same time, because the cinema forces consumers to buy 3D glasses or in disguised form, it violates the provisions of the Measures for Punishment of Infringement on Consumers’ Rights and Interests, law enforcement officers ordered the cinema to make corrections and give a warning.

05 the problem of refunding the deposit due to the inability to borrow money for the purchase of commercial housing

[Brief introduction of the case]

On March 15, 2023, Ms. Consumer Palace complained to Bayannaoer Consumers Association that on March 10, 2023, she signed the House Purchase and Sale Deposit Agreement with Bayannaoer Hyde Real Estate Agency Co., Ltd., booked a commercial house, and paid a deposit of 20,000 yuan and a supervision fee of 5,000 yuan on site. When signing the contract, the consumer said that he can only pay the down payment, and the remaining house payment needs to be applied for a bank loan. I wonder if his conditions meet the conditions of bank mortgage loan. The real estate agency said that the conditions of consumers fully meet the loan requirements, and even if they do not meet the requirements, the company will help solve them. Subsequently, the consumer submitted proof of income and running water to the bank, but failed to pass the bank mortgage loan review. When concluding a house sales contract, the real estate brokerage company requires consumers to buy a house in full. If a house purchase contract is not concluded, the deposit and supervision fund will not be refunded. Consumers think that the real estate company’s practice is unreasonable and demand mediation from the Consumers Association.

【 Processing Process and Results 】

After receiving the complaint, the staff of the Consumers Association conducted an investigation. The consumer stated that when he looked at the house, the sales staff of the brokerage company did not carefully introduce the conditions needed to handle the mortgage, and did not fully fulfill the obligation of informing, so the responsibility should not be borne by him. The staff of the Consumers Association contacted the person in charge of the real estate brokerage company to learn more about the incident, introduced relevant laws and regulations to them, and organized mediation between the two parties. In the end, the real estate brokerage company refunded the consumer deposit of 20,000 yuan and the supervision fee of 5,000 yuan.

[Case Analysis]

Article 20 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests stipulates: "Operators shall provide consumers with true and comprehensive information about the quality, performance, use and expiration date of goods or services, and shall not make false or misleading propaganda. Operators should give a true and clear answer to the questions raised by consumers about the quality and usage of the goods or services they provide. " Article 4 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Disputes over Commercial Housing Sales Contracts stipulates: "If the seller accepts a deposit from the buyer as a guarantee for concluding a commercial housing sales contract through subscription, order, reservation, etc., if the commercial housing sales contract cannot be concluded due to one of the parties, it shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of the law on deposit; If the commercial housing sales contract cannot be concluded due to reasons not attributable to both parties, the seller shall return the deposit to the buyer. " In this case, because the brokerage company did not fully and clearly inform the conditions for handling the house loan when selling the house, it should bear adverse consequences for the failure to conclude the subsequent house purchase contract. At the same time, because the consumer has paid the deposit, but can’t conclude a house purchase contract, according to the above provisions, the real estate brokerage company in this case should refund the deposit and supervision money paid by the consumer.

06 farmers’ rights and interests in purchasing unqualified drip irrigation belts are damaged

[Brief introduction of the case]

In June, 2022, nine farmers, including Mr. Zhang, a villager from Halatugacha, Urad Middle Banner, Bayannaoer City, complained to Bayannaoer Consumers Association that in April, 2021, they bought a batch of drip irrigation belts for farmland irrigation from Inner Mongolia Zhaotong Pipeline System Co., Ltd., with a value of 251,725 yuan. In the process of use, it is found that some drip irrigation belts have no drip holes, some drip holes are blocked, and some of them burst and leak, which can not be used normally. Farmers think that there is a quality problem with the drip irrigation belt, and they have repeatedly asked dealers and manufacturers to solve the problem, but the merchants have been looking for reasons to delay, so they came to the Consumers Association to complain.

【 Processing Process and Results 】

After receiving the complaint, Bayannaoer Consumers Association immediately sent its staff to the farmland involved in the complaint for on-the-spot inspection, and found that the used drip irrigation tape was scattered in the fields, which could not restore the specific scene at that time. After the staff visited the farmers for investigation, it was basically confirmed that the situation reflected by the complainant did exist, but the existing evidence could not prove that there was a problem with the quality of drip irrigation tape. Later, it was found that there were surplus drip irrigation tapes in the farmer’s warehouse, which were unused and packaged completely. In order to recover the losses of farmers as much as possible, Bayannaoer Consumers Association applied to the Consumers Association of the autonomous region for mediation in time, but the dealers and manufacturers insisted that there was no quality problem with the drip irrigation tape, and the complaint handling was deadlocked. In order to obtain sufficient evidence, the staff of Bayannaoer Consumers Association entrusted the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Product Quality Inspection Institute for inspection in August 2022, and the drip tape was found to be unqualified. Accordingly, Bayannaoer Consumers Association supports consumer litigation and resolves disputes through litigation. On June 29, 2023, it was tried by the People’s Court of Tuzuoqi, and the loss was recovered for consumers by 251,725 yuan.

[Case Analysis]

This case is a typical agricultural dispute case. According to Article 11 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests: "Consumers who suffer personal or property damage due to purchasing or using goods or receiving services shall have the right to compensation according to law." Article 24 stipulates: "If the goods or services provided by the business operators do not meet the quality requirements, consumers may return them according to the provisions of the state and the agreement of the parties, or require the business operators to fulfill the obligations of replacement and repair. If there is no state regulation and agreement between the parties, consumers can return the goods within seven days from the date of receipt; After seven days, if the statutory conditions for termination of the contract are met, the consumer can return the goods in time. If the statutory conditions for termination of the contract are not met, the operator may be required to perform obligations such as replacement and repair. " Article 62 stipulates: "The purchase and use of means of production directly used for agricultural production by farmers shall be implemented with reference to this Law." According to Article 32 of the Product Quality Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), "Producers shall not adulterate or fake products, or pass unqualified products off as qualified products" and Article 39, "Sellers shall not adulterate or fake products, or pass unqualified products off as qualified products", in this case, consumers have the right to compensation because the operators sell unqualified products. After the mediation was unsuccessful, because the facts of infringement on consumers’ rights and interests were clear and involved many farmers’ groups, according to the functions and responsibilities entrusted by law, consumers’ associations supported the prosecution, further safeguarding the consumption environment and market order.

07 There is something wrong with the size of customized furniture.

[Brief introduction of the case]

On June 2, 2023, Ms. Zhai complained to Wuhai Consumers Association that on April 2, she customized European brand furniture in Lengyuxin wardrobe dealership in Haibowan District, Wuhai City. On May 14, when she arrived for installation, she found that 21 door panels were small in size. When the dealer installed them at home, she also found that there was something wrong with the size and communicated with the manufacturer. The manufacturer said that the product was fine and belonged to the adjustable range, but the gap was obvious after adjustment.

【 Processing Process and Results 】

After receiving the complaint, the staff of Wuhai Consumers’ Association conducted investigation and mediation, and obtained the order measurement drawings. The dealer also admitted that there was something wrong with the size of this batch of door panels. Because the door panels were customized by the manufacturer, they are now unable to replace the door panels for consumers, and are actively communicating with the manufacturer to replace the door panels for consumers. The staff of the Consumers Association called the manufacturer and pointed out that if the operator provides goods or services to consumers, and one party fails to perform the contractual obligations or the performance of the contractual obligations is not in conformity with the agreement, it shall bear the liability for breach of contract such as continuing to perform, taking remedial measures or compensating for losses. Finally, after communication, the manufacturer agreed to send someone to handle the appeal, and if the problem is true, it will be replaced.

[Case Analysis]

Article 16 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests stipulates: "Operators shall perform their obligations in accordance with this Law and other relevant laws and regulations when providing commodities or services to consumers. If there is an agreement between the operator and the consumer, they shall perform their obligations in accordance with the agreement, but the agreement between the two parties shall not violate the provisions of laws and regulations. When providing commodities or services to consumers, business operators shall abide by social morality, operate in good faith and protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers; Unfair and unreasonable trading conditions shall not be set, and transactions shall not be forced. " Article 577 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "If a party fails to perform its contractual obligations or fails to meet the contract obligations, it shall bear the liabilities for breach of contract such as continuing to perform, taking remedial measures or compensating for losses." Therefore, consumers have the right to ask operators or producers to perform the agreed services.

08 Laundry clothes lost

[Brief introduction of the case]

On November 7, 2023, Ms. Tian complained to Wuhai Consumers Association that on April 6, 2023, three down jackets were sent to Yixiang Laundry in Haibowan District, Wuhai City, and the laundry did not provide her with a service ticket after collecting the clothes. When picking up the clothes, she found that one of the children’s down jackets worth 399 yuan was not cleaned, and the laundry said that it was responsible for heavy washing, so she took away the other two down jackets. At the end of October, when she went to the laundry to pick up the washed children’s down jacket, the laundry said that the dress had been taken away in June according to the store computer, so there was a dispute between the two sides.

【 Processing Process and Results 】

After receiving the complaint, the staff asked the laundry about the consumer’s complaint. The laundry said that although the service receipt was not issued to the consumer at that time, it was recorded in the store computer. In June, the children’s down jacket was taken away by a man. The consumer thinks that the laundry should check with her the identity of the clothes picker without the clothes pick-up certificate. Now that the clothes have been taken away by others, the laundry should pay compensation. Because the laundry did not issue a service document to the consumer when providing laundry service, there was no objection to the laundry service process. The computer data was recorded unilaterally by the laundry, and the laundry did not verify it when others took the clothes, and there was no other evidence to prove that the consumer entrusted others to take the clothes, the laundry should be liable for compensation. Finally, after mediation, both parties reached an agreement, and the operator compensated 300 yuan to the consumer.

[Case Analysis]

In this case, according to Article 25 of the Measures of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for Implementing the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests: "Operators engaged in the dyeing and ironing industry shall provide services as agreed. If the clothes are damaged, dyed or lost, the operator shall refund the fees collected and bear the corresponding liability for compensation according to the actual purchase price of the goods, depreciation of the goods and other factors. " Article 15 of the Measures for the Administration of Washing and Dyeing Industry "Operators shall issue service receipts to consumers when providing services. Service documents should include: the name, quantity, color, damaged or missing parts, service content, price, delivery date, storage period, matters agreed by both parties, dispute resolution, etc. "and Article 17" Operators should standardize the handover procedures of clothes in each process to prevent loss or damage; The storage and payment of dirty and clean clothes should be separated. "The operator should issue a bill to the consumer without issuing it, and the clothes handover did not fulfill the responsibility of informing when picking up the clothes, and should be liable for compensation.

09 medical disputes caused by tooth extraction in dental clinic

[Brief introduction of the case]

On March 17th, 2023, Ms. Ma, a consumer, complained to the Consumers Association of Alashan League that when the wisdom teeth were pulled out at Qingbai Dental Clinic in Bayanhaote Town, Alashan Zuoqi, the drill bit fell into the mouth due to improper operation by medical staff, which caused extensive damage to the oral mucosa and caused inconvenience to daily life, and the consumer demanded compensation from the operator.

【 Processing Process and Results 】

The staff contacted the clinic for investigation at the first time, confirmed that the situation described by Ms. Ma was true, and immediately organized mediation between the two parties. After careful and patient mediation, the dental clinic compensated Ms. Ma for 15,000 yuan, which was paid in three months.

[Case Analysis]

Article 7 of the Law on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests in People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "Consumers have the right to protect their personal and property safety when purchasing and using commodities and receiving services. Consumers have the right to require the goods and services provided by operators to meet the requirements of protecting personal and property safety. " Article 49 stipulates: "If a business operator provides goods or services and causes personal injury to consumers or other victims, it shall compensate medical expenses, nursing expenses, transportation expenses and other reasonable expenses for treatment and rehabilitation, as well as the income reduced due to absenteeism." In this case, due to the negligence of the staff of the dental clinic, the consumer suffered personal injury in the process of receiving services, and the consumer has the right to ask the merchant to bear the liability for compensation.

SHOPLINE social e-commerce solution helps businesses go to Indonesia.

According to Indonesia’s latest Trade Minister Order No.31 of 2023,Social media will no longer be used as a platform for commodity sales, but only as a channel for the marketing or promotion of goods and services.When social media can not be used as a sales platform to complete closed-loop transactions, how to find out?A new set of closed-loop logic of diversion+transformation?

First, the huge social e-commerce dividend of Indonesian e-commerce

There are 212.9 million Internet users in Indonesia, with an Internet penetration rate of 77.0%.

Indonesia has 167 million social media users, equivalent to 60.4% of the total population.

Indonesian netizens spend more than 3 hours on social media through various devices every day on average.

Data as of January 2023, source Digital2023:Indonesia

Indonesia’s demographic Internet dividend seems to be the same as that in China ten years ago, and the huge user base provides space for the development of social media. After the launch of the social media+store model, social e-commerce quickly penetrated.

Indonesian local merchant Fefenia sells woven handbags through social e-commerce, and 90% of its business centers are placed on a single short video social channel. However, due to the newly issued rules, the closed loop of his social media connection transaction has broken, and he needs to find a new "shelf" for his business in a short time.

A single channel may temporarily boost the vitality, but multiple sales channels and multiple flow channels can lengthen the vitality of the whole business operation.

Second, SHOPLINE SC builds a traffic runway for social e-commerce

Where is the "traffic", where is the business? This is the initial intention of Indonesian e-commerce to rely heavily on social media; A strategy that can lead the "flow" to the closed-loop trading is a good strategy.

In view of this, SHOPLINE Social Commerce allows users to undertake e-commerce links accurately, reliably and automatically by building a traffic runway. Merchants only need to configure keywords, and the system can automatically capture all comments and classify products into orders for customers to choose.

Take the live broadcast of SHOPLINE SC X Facebook as an example: Step 1: The merchant assigns keywords to the products and adds them to the live broadcast room; Step 2: During the live broadcast, broadcast the keywords of the products, such as "C3", and guide users to leave messages in the comment area.

Step 3: Customers reply to product keywords in the comments and get automatically generated links to participate in the purchase.

Considering that merchants may set up live broadcasts from multiple platforms, all Livestream will be collected in the SHOPLINE backstage live broadcast dashboard, which can be realized whether viewing real-time orders, replying to messages, tracking inventory or reminding checkout.

SHOPLINE’s social e-commerce strategy helps sellers accumulate global user assets and realize the continuous growth of GMV by dredging traffic conversion.

Third, to achieve the ultimate localization, they chose SHOPLINE.

SHOPLINE Social Commerce is a leading social e-commerce service platform in Southeast Asia, which has provided services to tens of thousands of merchants, with weekly orders reaching 100,000+and GMV of 10 million dollars, mainly generated by live broadcast for merchants in Southeast Asia.

SHOPLINE insists on localization services in the local market, and more and more brand businesses accumulate potential energy and increase the speed through cooperation with SHOPLINE in Indonesia.

Fourth, the full link scheme of independent stations from station construction to performance end-to-end

Establishing an independent station through SHOPLINE is the best practice solution to build DTC. Provide end-to-end full link services from payment, website construction, marketing to logistics, so that business growth can be expected in the future.

(1) Smooth Payment SHOPLINE Payments supports businesses with Indonesian entities to receive and pay for localized operations through local entities, and most social e-commerce payment methods can be found in SL Payments, and businesses do not need to re-dock payers.

Linkaja, OVO, Dana and other e-wallets have been connected to SHOPLINE Payments, providing merchants with the most competitive rates. There is also an embedded checkout page to make the shopping checkout process smoother for consumers.

(2) Building SHOPLINE at a high speed provides a wealth of free theme templates, covering all categories such as clothing, accessories, home, 3C, gift department stores, etc. The high-level component library allows sellers to freely adjust the website design to ensure that the brand is beautiful, usable, flexible and exquisite.

OS2.0 theme template Seed

Install the "SHOPHUB" plug-in of SHOPLINE APP store. After authorization, merchants can transfer multi-channel store data to SHOPLINE, ensuring the intact transfer of data to the greatest extent.

P.s.SHOPLINE has now launched the full-link AI tool, which helps businesses greatly improve efficiency in the construction and operation of the site.

(3) Marketing tracking

Take TikTok platform as an example, SHOPLINE is the official partner of TikTok for business., SHOPLINE TikTok Marketing and TikTok have deep API integration, which can support four major functions, helping merchants to continue to manage TikTok assets and quickly carry out overseas marketing:

Asset association, easy management: merchants can associate assets such as advertising accounts of TikTok business center accounts to TikTok Marketing plug-ins with one click;

One-click account opening, easy to open TikTok marketing: open the agent and TikTok advertising creation API, and complete advertising account opening operation (non-self-service advertising account) can be realized online;

One-click installation of TikTok Pixel supports advanced matching function: merchants can better match website events with TikTok advertisements, establish a wider audience network, and complete the closed loop of advertising-effect monitoring-effect optimization;

  Automatic synchronization of product data: synchronize the product catalog to TikTok with one button, and quickly open the product advertisement.

(4) complete logistics SHOPLINE’s own logistics One Ship supports a variety of logistics methods and has excellent prices. And 4PL supports all mainstream logistics modes in Indonesia. SHOPLINE has reached a strategic cooperation with Indonesia’s local logistics Shippit, and realized the integration of logistics freight on the basis of opening up the logistics interface, and collected the freight price in real time and displayed it on the front-end page to avoid the loss of freight caused by consumers’ remoteness.

(5) Multi-channel POS can lay out Indonesia’s local online and offline global retail market through SHOPLINE POS system, and improve business efficiency through unified tools such as inventory, checkout, membership and data analysis.

As a global retail solution provider, SHOPLINE is an enterprise-level technical service company that focuses on helping cross-border e-commerce brands go to sea through independent stations. SHOPLINE opened an independent station line for Indonesian merchants. In addition to exclusive account managers and mature local/payment facilities, there are also targeted solutions such as Social.commerce solution, Facebook Live Broadcasting and TikTok Marketing to help merchants open up the local market and achieve business growth.

Implementing the "Three Guarantees" Guarantee Mechanism of Cities and Counties in Four Dimensions in Ningxia

September 18, 2021 Source: Office of Finance Department of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

  Grass-roots government’s basic livelihood, wages and operation are the basic needs to protect the vital interests of the masses, and also the basic conditions to promote the government’s performance of duties and the implementation of various policies. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to this. In 2018, the Central Economic Work Conference proposed to improve the basic financial security mechanism at the county level and enhance the ability of difficult areas and grassroots governments to ensure wages, operations and basic people’s livelihood. The 2019 government work report proposes to reform and improve the county-level basic financial security mechanism, ease the pressure of financial operation in difficult areas, and never let the basic people’s livelihood security go wrong. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, as an underdeveloped area in northwest China, has been affected by its own financial shortage and epidemic situation in recent years, and the financial revenue and expenditure situation is particularly severe. In order to effectively ensure the normal operation of grass-roots finance, the autonomous region’s finance strengthens the internet thinking, implements the "three guarantees" guarantee mechanism of cities and counties from four dimensions, ensures that the "three guarantees" guarantee of cities and counties at the grass-roots level is put in place, realizes the smooth operation of the whole region’s finance, and steadily improves people’s livelihood security.

  First, build a "three guarantees" guarantee mechanism with engineering thinking

  The work of "three guarantees" at the grass-roots level is a systematic project with wide coverage, strong comprehensiveness and professionalism, which runs through all aspects of financial work. The finance of the autonomous region should make overall plans for development and security, and build a "three guarantees" guarantee mechanism of "system+technology" with engineering thinking. In the financial integration platform, the ability of big data integration analysis is used to organically combine budget management and implementation monitoring, and the budget management integration system is established to control and implement the "three guarantees" guarantee mechanism. Promote the efficiency optimization of the "three guarantees" guarantee mechanism in cities and counties from the perspectives of task objectives, time-point monitoring and guarantee measures, and realize the timely and full payment of the "three guarantees" expenditures of grassroots finance, and the operational risks can be pre-controlled.

  According to the concept of "integration of information sources, automation of data extraction, and optimization of monitoring and decision-making", the work of "three guarantees" is comprehensively and systematically sorted out from the design of financial macro-business framework to the micro-monitoring of specific accounting indicators, and an information-based, full-chain, dynamic management mechanism of "three guarantees" budgets in cities and counties is established to comprehensively standardize budget management and harden budget constraints. From the task goal, we should construct a "three guarantees" guarantee mechanism with budget arrangement, capital guarantee and system constraint in place; From the time node, it covers the whole process links such as budget demand calculation, project library construction, budget editing, implementation monitoring, analysis and early warning, notification and feedback; From the specific implementation, it is subdivided into financial resources, treasury, budget implementation and temporary payment and other indicators.

  Second, implement the "three guarantees" guarantee responsibility with the project concept

  Establish a "three guarantees" budget management mechanism with the project library as the source, and dynamically record the whole life cycle management information of budget projects in real time. According to the "Three Guarantees" guarantee content, it corresponds to specific projects, personnel projects and operation projects in the budget project library respectively. Through the standardized management of the "Three Guarantees" budget projects through the budget integration system, the whole life cycle management of budget project comparison, statistics, analysis and monitoring is realized, the binding force of each link of budget management is enhanced, and the responsibility of "Three Guarantees" guarantee is promoted at the grassroots level in cities and counties.

  From the aspect of project reserve management, around the demand calculation and project library construction, cities and counties establish project libraries against the "three guarantees" guarantee list, and accurately calculate the expenditure demand according to the actual implementation standards and scope, so as to improve the accuracy of the "three guarantees" budget preparation. According to the scale of available financial resources in the current year, calculate the financial guarantee multiple of the "three guarantees" expenditure in each region, clarify the source of budgetary funds for the "three guarantees" project, and give priority to the "three guarantees" project in the budget.

  From the aspect of budget preparation management, in the process of budget compilation and project identification, the finance of the autonomous region has established a budget preparation and review mechanism covering all cities and counties in the region to ensure that all the "three guarantees" expenditures of cities and counties are included in the budget without leaving a hard gap. Mark the relevant project libraries with "Three Guarantees" in budget preparation, and set up the verification rules and traceability rules for the requirements of the "Three Guarantees" budget projects based on the budget integration system. On the premise of ensuring the budget arrangement and demand matching of the "Three Guarantees", the "Three Guarantees" project library will be used as the source to lay the foundation for the fund allocation, disbursement and full chain monitoring of the "Three Guarantees" budget project library.

  From the aspect of project execution and management, we should take the normalization mechanism of direct funds and the integrated norms of budget management as the starting point to harden the budget binding force, strengthen the standardized and efficient implementation of the "three guarantees" project library, urge cities and counties to strictly implement the "two expenditures" priority principle, reasonably balance the "three guarantees" budget expenditures, and realize the accurate and efficient implementation of the financial "three guarantees" funds. Linkage regional temporary payment and hidden debt funds in place, to prevent risk factors affecting the implementation of "three guarantees", to ensure the smooth operation of finance without risks.

  Third, build a "three guarantees" monitoring system with inventory management

  The finance of the autonomous region monitors the implementation of the "three guarantees" expenditure in the whole process by means of inventory management, and constructs an all-round dynamic monitoring and management mechanism. Strengthen the means of financial big data integration, solve the practical problems of "three guarantees" with a large number of monitoring data and a wide range, establish an orderly, scientific and efficient monitoring and prevention system, and achieve early detection, early warning, early intervention and early disposal of risks.

  Build a scientific and reasonable monitoring system. According to the scope and objectives of "Three Guarantees", the specific tasks are decomposed one by one, and the monitoring system of "Three Guarantees" is built by inventory management: four items of "basic livelihood, wages, operation and other rigid expenditures" are the main body, and eight indicators are radiated, including financial security multiple, treasury security multiple, budget arrangement in place rate, financial gap rate of short income, temporary payment compression rate, supernumerary control rate and implicit debt resolution fund in place rate. According to the importance of each index, different weights are given, and the results of index implementation are scored quantitatively every month, so as to objectively analyze the financial operation status and support ability of cities and counties as a whole and fully reflect the risk level of financial operation of cities and counties.

  Strengthen the ability of data monitoring and analysis. Strengthen digital empowerment, give full play to the advantages of large amount of financial data, strong timeliness and high correlation, extract monitoring data based on the financial integration system, and objectively analyze the financial operation. According to the data such as the implementation of the "three guarantees" budget and the treasury funds of cities and counties, we will strengthen the data penetration and analysis, and form the monitoring and analysis ability of the "three guarantees" operation of cities and counties with full coverage, multiple indicators, penetration, dynamics and informationization. Establish a "three guarantees" monitoring system of weekly report and monthly report. The monitoring results are displayed by multi-dimensional index statistics and visual graphics, and the financial operation of each region is divided into "smooth operation, low risk, moderate risk and high risk" grades, which strongly supports scientific decision-making in cities and counties and efficiently supervises and accurately manages.

  Strengthen the feedback of risk monitoring results. Regularly submit the dynamic monitoring results of "three guarantees" and rigid expenditures to the party committees and governments of autonomous regions every month, and inform the party committees and governments of cities and counties. For cities and counties above the "moderate risk" level, prompt early warning by SMS, WeChat, sending reminder letters, etc. at the first time; For cities and counties where the "three guarantees" work is ineffective or the guarantee is not in place, informed criticism will be located in the whole region, and the leaders of the autonomous region government will be interviewed or invited to interview the relevant person in charge of the city and county governments as appropriate; Responsible units and personnel in serious cases shall be brought to the attention of relevant departments for accountability according to their responsibilities. Actively guide cities and counties to strengthen the "three guarantees" work, ensure that risk prevention and control and responsibilities are put in place, and comprehensively improve the operational efficiency of financial management.

  Four, to resolve the "three guarantees" risk warning with the responsibility mechanism

  According to the accountability mechanism of "whoever bears the responsibility for the guarantee bears the responsibility for the expenditure", and according to the monthly monitoring results of "three guarantees" in cities and counties, the "three guarantees" risk early warning is implemented to resolve the main responsibility. Cities and counties’ financial departments should strengthen cooperation with relevant departments and budget units according to the specific indicators of the monthly monitoring report, be more accurate and effective in the focus, intensity, rhythm and timing of fiscal policy regulation, earnestly grasp the responsibility of "three guarantees" and effectively resolve financial operation risks.

  On the financial level of the autonomous region, we will strengthen the overall scheduling of treasury funds, keep the treasury funds of cities and counties running within a safe range, and effectively protect the rigid needs of cities and counties such as "three guarantees" expenditures. Improve and optimize the transfer payment method, increase the sinking of financial resources, take the "three guarantees" guarantee as an important factor in the allocation of funds, strengthen the management and guidance of transfer payment funds for the "three guarantees" guarantee of cities and counties, and support cities and counties to ensure the basic and bottom line. Accelerate the reform of financial affairs and expenditure responsibilities in different fields, make every effort to ensure that cities and counties implement expenditure responsibilities, and weave a strong livelihood security network. Study and establish a financial sustainability assessment mechanism, and cities and counties will introduce or improve the basic livelihood policy standards of the "three guarantees" list to assess financial sustainability, taking into account the stage of economic and social development and financial sustainability.

  On the financial level of cities and counties, we will focus on nine key industries, strengthen fiscal and taxation policies and financial support and guidance, go all out to promote the high-quality development of county economy and the construction of financial resources, and maintain the growth of fiscal revenue in a reasonable range. Strengthen the overall planning of financial resources, optimize the allocation of financial resources, further enhance the local financial security capacity, and make overall arrangements for the "three guarantees" and bond debt service expenditures. Deepen the integration of budget management, improve the management level of "three guarantees" budget project library, implement systematic control of budget management, and strengthen the binding force of "three guarantees" expenditure. Vigorously reduce non-rigid expenditures, constantly adjust and optimize the fiscal expenditure structure, and ensure the normalization of the efficient and high-quality tight life mechanism. Strengthen the main responsibility of budget execution of departments and units, strictly implement the principle of "two expenditures", continue to accelerate the implementation progress of people’s livelihood expenditures, and effectively secure the bottom line of people’s livelihood security.

Evaluation of "Ghost Line: Tokyo": It’s boring to print and play ghosts, or is the ghost story interesting?

In March this year, Tango Gameworks, which was founded in Paul on Wednesday, was 12 years old. So far, this studio has released two works "Evil Spirit Possession" and a mobile game, and then the upcoming "Ghost Line: Tokyo".

Since its debut, the official publicity of this work has been very restrained. For three consecutive years, there was only one official film broadcast every year: 19 years was a concept preview, and 20 years and 21 years were each shown with a real machine preview. It was not until the eve of the sale that the publicity of this book became much more.


In particular, the real machine preview in 20 years showed us the real play of the game for the first time: the mysterious man with a left-handed smart watch and a right-handed rosary used ancient spells to drive out the classic Japanese ghosts after modern interpretation on the streets of modern Tokyo, and the fashion value was directly full.

After actually getting the game through, my mood is quite complicated. It has some parts that make me satisfied, and some parts that make me disappointed. Let me talk about it in detail.

When the streets of Shibuya are empty

The adventure of Ghost Line: Tokyo begins in Shibuya, Tokyo, which is empty. In the game, 99% people in Shibuya, Tokyo, disappeared under the influence of a mysterious fog. When the player can control the actions of the protagonist "Yi Yue Xiao Ren", the street is empty, leaving only clothes scattered all over the floor.

At first glance, the streets of Shibuya in the game are as usual: the huge outdoor advertisements at the crossroads are still playing, the recordings of Baiqingge store and convenience store attracting guests are still circulating, and the escalator in the shopping mall is also operating normally, but because of the lack of noisy voices, people will feel an unspeakable sense of disobedience.


If you pay close attention to the clothes scattered on the ground, you will find many things, which may be the work notes of a social animal, the medical insurance card of a young mother, or the leaflets of game hall activities distributed by working college students. All this is telling us that there were real people standing here.


The experience accumulated by the development team in the series possessed by evil spirits has also been used in this work. You will encounter some twisted and strange visual wonders in the game, such as the upside-down and upside-down space, or the scene with constantly changing structure, which has a very strong visual impact. Unfortunately, the number of these visual wonders is not too much.


With the support of PS5 hardware, the game screen I experienced performed well. The quality mode has high resolution and light tracing is turned on, which makes the material details and light and shadow effects better. Performance mode does not turn on ray tracing and the details are poor, but the highest frame rate reaches 60 FPS; In addition, there are four modes with high frame rate quality/high frame rate performance and VSync turned on respectively, which can sacrifice graphics quality in exchange for higher frame rate.

From my experience, it is not recommended to choose two high frame rate modes without opening VSync, which have serious picture tearing. The picture quality of the two high frame rate modes with VSync turned on has declined to some extent, but the personal feeling of frame rate improvement is not obvious; The quality mode works well, but when you really play, the quality of the performance mode is actually not obvious, but the 60 FPS experience has improved significantly.


Atmosphere shaping is the strength of this book, and the DualSense handle of PS5 is indispensable. Tactile feedback can reflect the differences of different environments through vibration, especially the feeling of rain hitting the hands, and the raindrops are clearly felt one by one.

In the game, the process of printing and exorcism also tries to enhance the sense of substitution through the handle operation, which requires the player to draw a designated trajectory with the touchpad or rocker to purify the evil spirits. Perhaps it is because the sensitivity adjustment is not good, and the experience of using the touchpad in this link is not good, or it is easier to complete with the joystick.


Personally, I think the best thing is the application of handle speaker. KK, a mysterious character possessed by the protagonist Xiao, will talk to Xiao from time to time during his adventure. At this time, KK’s voice will be heard through TV and handle at the same time. When my attention is focused on the TV, the sound from the handle seems to really come from my body, and that kind of hearing is very special. However, wearing headphones to play will not experience this.

Compared with the full atmosphere, the main story of this work is relatively thin. At the beginning of the story, Xiao Ren, the hero of a car accident, was possessed by KK to survive, and he also got the magical ability to shoot spells from his hands. Xiaoren found out that the initiator of Shibuya incident took his sister away, so he embarked on a journey with KK to drive away ghosts and save Shibuya’s wandering souls.


Although the main story is still complete, and the motives of the villains are clearly explained, the important roles, including the younger sister, are not shaped enough, and the way of explanation is that the end of the story is a little rough. In addition, there are many questions that have not been answered until the game is cleared. I don’t know if it is necessary to clear the feeder line and the collection.

I tied my handprint to exorcise evil spirits and break demons.

I can totally accept that the main story of the game is general, because I didn’t have particularly high expectations. In contrast, the battle of Ghost Line: Tokyo really disappointed me.

The gameplay of this game is essentially the first-person shooting. The protagonist can shoot the enemy with different spells to expose his inner "spiritual nucleus" (playing an executable state), and then pull the spiritual nucleus away with a psychic line or bare hands to destroy (execute).


Spells are called "ethereal warfare" and have three attributes: wind/water/fire. It is called "attribute", but in fact, there is no design such as attribute restraint and element chain in this work. The three spells only correspond to three forms: continuous shooting, shooting and large-scale explosion.

Releasing spells requires consuming "spiritual power", and its manifestation is not "mana", but ammunition. So you can completely understand these three spells as pistols, shotguns and rocket launchers in general shooting games.


In addition to ethereal fighting skills, the protagonist can also use the broken magic bow and imperial letters to fight. Breaking the magic bow has a long range and high damage, which is equivalent to a sniper rifle with obvious ballistic drop; Imperial edicts are throwing consumables similar to grenades, some of which can temporarily control the enemies in the range, and some can directly expose the enemy’s mental nucleus.


Although I have compared a bunch of elements of common shooting games above, in fact, Ghost Line: Tokyo is not a common shooting game. The key lies in this set of playing features designed around the "ethereal fighting skill".

First of all, the ethereal fighting skill can be accumulated. The spell will be strengthened after the power storage, resulting in additional effects. For example, the power storage of the Seal of the Wind can shoot multiple attacks with only a little spiritual power, and the power storage of the Seal of Fire can greatly increase the explosion range. In addition, Xu Li attack can make the enemy expose the mental nucleus or fall to the ground more easily, and it is easier to play the execution state. And direct attack is not good in most cases.


Secondly, the protagonist’s feeling of moving is heavier than that of a sergeant wearing a 300-kilogram armored suit. In the battle, there are no flexible ways of moving, such as dodge and shovel, and there are no bunkers in many battle scenes. The importance of the element of "moving" in this set of combat gameplay has been reduced to the most basic level: if the enemy is too close, I will take two steps back, and if the enemy is too far, I will get closer.

In addition, the protagonist can reduce part of the damage through the block, trigger the perfect block and not be hurt or rebound the enemy’s long-range attack. Most enemies in the game have low attack frequency and obvious forward shaking, so the timing of perfect block is relatively easy to grasp.


Since Xu Li has many advantages, of course, I have Xu Li for every bullet; Since it doesn’t make much sense for the role to move, I simply won’t move. Anyway, I can stop the enemy from coming. Therefore, this game presents a set of slow-paced, post-based, almost turn-based combat gameplay.

I never imagined that shooting games could be made in this form. I may have spent more than half my time in the battle, so I can’t move completely, but I do take two steps back to slightly distance myself from the enemy, so that I can accumulate more energy and attack before I have to press the block key.

It should be noted that the above description is mainly aimed at the mixed warfare in the game, and the role of mobile in the boss battle will be greater. Some boss skills are relatively more difficult to block, and they need to walk and jump to avoid. However, the problem of power storage remains the same. In order to achieve better attack effect, I still tend to attack with full power when I play boss, and the pace of fighting is still slow.

In June, 2020, the official revealed to the media that the playing system of this game emphasizes the action, and the fighting system is a set of "combo base" inspired by the "nine-character protection method". The so-called "combo base" can be understood as based on continuous strokes or combination techniques. How to combine hand-knot printing with continuous strokes/combination techniques to make a specific play? This is the biggest reason why this book made me look forward to it so much.



At that time, Japanese media reported on Game’s talk.

But in the actual game, I didn’t find any elements related to "Lian Zhao" and "Combination Technique". There is no combination design between different spells, and there is no additional effect bonus for continuous attacks of the same spell. If you mean controlling the enemy with imperial edicts and then using spells to attack this level of combination, it is too far-fetched.

Perhaps the original design scheme of Lian Zhao/Combination Technique was abandoned for various reasons, or there was a deviation in the report when the information was made public. In short, the fighting game of Ghost Line: Tokyo is like this now: only the handsome hand movements of Grade Two are left, which is not interesting enough to play.

In addition, there are not many kinds of enemies in the game, and there are many derivatives of the same kind of enemies, so it is inevitable that fighting will be boring.

Personally verify every urban legend

So I’d rather wander around the streets of Shibuya than fight.

The explorable area in the game is designed based on the real Shibuya in Tokyo, and many real landmarks also appear in the game, such as Shibuya Station, a transportation hub in Tokyo, Shibuya, a comprehensive shopping mall (called Kagerie in the game) and Dogenzaka (called Youxuanban in the game).


Unfortunately, this map is not a one-to-one replica of Shibuya. It is impossible to use this map as a Shibuya tourism simulator, but it is still possible to simply appreciate the customs.

Ghost Line: Tokyo has a large map for free exploration, but in fact, many areas need to go through black screens or loading, such as some indoor or underground scenes, which are not completely open. The first third of the game is almost completely linear, because many areas are shrouded in harmful fog, so players can only push the main line first and disperse the fog before unlocking more areas they can go to.

The way to dispel the fog is to purify the torii of shrines in Shibuya. Open-world gamers must be familiar with it, which is the so-called "counting the towers to open the map."


The fun of this work is mainly to explore the three-dimensional terrain with great height difference. In the game, some torii are on the top of the building, while others are at the bottom of the construction site. Combining with the protagonist’s ability to climb to the top of the building or glide down from a height with a spiritual force, it is often much more interesting to explore up and down than to walk on the ground.


For example, the large-scale shopping mall "Kagerie" in Shibuya mentioned above has high floors, complex structure and many floating platforms, one of which is a bird house, which is quite interesting to explore.

Unfortunately, Kagerie in Shibuya can experience it in the early stage of the main flow of the game, but the bird residence encountered in the middle and late stage can no longer match it in terms of location, scale and design, so the exploration of torii in the middle and late stage is dull by comparison.

After purifying torii, with the unlocking of the map, shops, feeder lines and other contents in the area will also appear together. Although there are not 100,000 question marks to be cleared, there are many things waiting for players to do in the open map.


For example, those activities designed around folk legends, such as catching the pulley head and the river boy (stalking/sneaking), saving the boy (indoor exploration), guarding the wooden spirit (guarding the strange), etc., are quite interesting for the first time, but because the gameplay itself will not change, it will become boring after trying it twice.

Catching a kapok is one of the more interesting activities, similar to the feather/page chase in Assassin’s Creed series, which is a parkour jumping challenge, and each challenge is a new route, so it is not too boring.

If you want to know about urban legends or folk stories, it is suggested that you should go directly to the side task. The sideline tasks in the game are all adapted or original legendary stories. Although the gameplay is not brilliant, the stories themselves are quite interesting.


Personally, I prefer to collect KK’s investigation data, which is one of the collections in the game, recording all kinds of paranormal investigated by KK, and it feels a little like a mini-mystery novel.


In addition, there are a large number of spirits distributed everywhere on the map that players need to collect. These spirits are the souls of those people who disappeared in the plot. We have to use "form generation" to absorb them and send them to KK’s partners through a "soul transmission device" disguised as a public telephone, so that these souls can be resurrected outside the Shibuya boundary.


The process of running pictures and collecting spiritual bodies is boring most of the time, or it is because there are too few places like Kagerie in Shibuya. Most places are the same multi-storey residential buildings or single-family houses, and there are not many unique scenery to enjoy.


Almost all these open-world activities are linked to the growth system of characters. Collecting spiritual body is the main source for game characters to gain experience, and learning skills depends on it; Monster-related activities will reward the prop "Gouyu" used to unlock higher skills; Visiting the Tibetan statues can raise the spiritual limit of ethereal warfare.

I can’t say that this is the content of "forcing players to complete", but these activities are so important that I really feel that I have to do it although I don’t want to.

summary

After the resumption of customs clearance, I found that I was not satisfied with Ghost Line: Tokyo, for example, the shuttle skills were not smooth enough, the stealth design was too rough to play, and the Chinese subtitles were not translated according to the original Japanese. Not to mention that my greatest expectation for this book has failed — — The gameplay is not as good as I expected.

But then again, my disappointment is based on high expectations. In all fairness, from the perspective of stylization and uniqueness, this work is really remarkable in some specific aspects.

In fact, I was relieved after the resumption of the offer. Although I didn’t get a hearty experience of printing and playing ghosts, I can control Xiaoren to eat Japanese street snacks such as strawberry Dafu and snapper roast, and walk on the roof of Shibuya residential buildings to experience various Japanese folk stories and urban legends personally, which is not a bad pleasure.

BYD e2 unscrambles a dutiful "migrant worker"

Let’s first look at its sense of power. The appearance of the whole car body continues the family design concept, the front face is simple, and the headlights on both sides are quite spiritual. After the headlights are lit, they look very spirited. The sideways lines are still BYD’s unique style, and the enchanting figure is even more vivid! The front and rear of the new car are very layered, with a tendency to protrude backwards, which is very playful. The taillights are also very good, especially the brake lights, which echo each other with the front daytime lights.

In terms of the interior of the whole car, the car is also very beautiful. The steering wheel is made of plastic and feels good. In the central control part, there are door handles, etc., which are covered and wrapped with a large amount of plastic and leather materials. The design is not bad, and it is equipped with an 8.0-inch full LCD, which is clear in display and well designed. The front row is also equipped with a manual air conditioning control system to freely debug the most comfortable space atmosphere. At the same time, the new car also provides leather seats, which can bring certain comfort.

The length, width and height are 4260×1760×1530mm respectively, and the wheelbase has reached 2610mm, ranking 40th in the same class. As a compact car, its body size does not occupy much advantage in its class, and its internal seating space is only basically enough. After all, it is limited by the length and shape of the body. Among the models of the same price and class, BYD e2 ranks 40th in trunk volume. The space is relatively regular, without obvious protrusions, and the overall loading capacity is good.

BYD e2 has complete active/passive safety configuration, includingAutomatic parkingZero tire pressure endurance tireAutomatic parkingSteep slope descenthill start assist controlknee airbagHUD head-up displayAnti-lock braking (ABS)Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)Active noise reductionEngine start and stopSide safety air curtainWireless charging of mobile phonenight vision systemLED daytime running lightsForward reversing radarTire pressure monitoringSteering wheel heatingBody stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)Rear reversing radarFatigue reminderRemote parkingChild seat interfaceLane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

In order to have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of BYD e2, you can go to the Easy Car BYD e2 Forum and browse the messages of users who have bought the car in history.

A provincial-level subject expert of Weifang University was exposed to plagiarism: a special working group has been set up.

  At about 16: 00 on October 12th, Weibo, the official of Weifang College, issued a statement, saying that the school had set up a special working group to investigate and verify the plagiarism of Yang Jie, a teacher of Communication College. Once the relevant situation was verified, it would be dealt with seriously according to the law and regulations, and it would never be tolerated.

  At 8 o’clock on October 11th, Hao Jianjie, an associate professor at the College of Literature of taiyuan normal University, published a report in Weibo, saying that a book published by Yang Jie, a teacher from the School of Communication of Weifang University, in 2018 copied Hao Jianjie’s doctoral thesis in 2011.

  Hao Jianjie confirmed to The Paper that he released the aforementioned Weibo, so it is not convenient to be interviewed for the time being.

  Hao Jianjie revealed in Weibo that Yang Jie wrote 110,000 words about his works and copied 29,210 words from Hao Jianjie’s doctoral thesis, accounting for about 26.55%.

  Subsequently, Hao Jianjie Weibo introduced that he had contacted Yang Jie after discovering that he had been plagiarized. Yang Jiexian replied to him that this is the book she commissioned from the intermediary, and later denied that it was plagiarism and refused to communicate directly with the reporter.

  At about 15: 00 on the 12th, The Paper called the Media College of Weifang University to ask Yang Jie’s response on this matter. As of press time, he has not received a reply yet.

 

Screenshot of Weibo’s article Weibo reporting plagiarism

  Hao Jianjie said in the Weibo that Yang Jie’s related work is a study of the Book of Songs from the perspective of regional culture (Kyushu Publishing House, August 2018 edition), which plagiarized his 2011 doctoral thesis "The National Style of the Book of Songs" — — Centered on "The Wind" and "Qin Feng".

  According to Weibo, Yang Jie’s book A Study of the Book of Songs from the Perspective of Regional Culture has a total of 110,000 words, of which 29,210 words were copied from Hao Jianjie’s doctoral thesis by Jian Feng and Qin Feng, accounting for about 26.55%.

  The Paper found that the fourth chapter "Study on the Regional Culture and Thought of the Book of Songs from the Perspective of Regional Culture" published by Yang Jie in 2018 and the sixth chapter "Study on the Regional Culture and Thought of Qin Feng" and the doctoral thesis "The National Style of the Book of Songs" published by Hao Jianjie in 2011 — — Part of the content of "Focusing on Qin Feng" coincides.

  For example, Hao Jianjie wrote in the third section of the first chapter of his doctoral thesis, "Zhou people’s natural environment, migration history and brilliant agricultural civilization have created Zhou culture with rich connotations and profound connotations. Zhou people’s philosophical concept, ethical culture and institutional culture all take ceremony as the core and have unique cultural character. While creating its unique culture, Zhou people also created themselves and created the character of Zhou people. "

  Yang Jie wrote in the first section of the fourth chapter of the book, "Zhou people’s natural environment, migration history and brilliant agricultural civilization have created Zhou culture with rich connotations and profound connotations. Zhou people’s philosophical concept, ethical culture and institutional culture all take ceremony as the core and have unique cultural character. Zhou people created their own culture while creating their own unique culture. "

  Through comparison, we can find that the above two paragraphs are completely consistent except for the last half sentence.

  The third section of Hao Jianjie’s doctoral thesis is the theme of Qin Feng, which is divided into five sub-headings, namely, the enthusiasm for national elites, the encouragement of soldiers’ fighting spirit in the war, the tenacious pursuit and the helplessness of wanting more, the feelings of sadness after political frustration and the natural expression of human relations.

  The first point in the second section of Chapter VI of Yang Jie’s book, An Overview of Qin Feng, is also divided into five sub-headings, namely, the enthusiasm for the national elite, the encouragement of the soldiers’ fighting spirit in the war, the tenacious pursuit and the helplessness of asking for it, the bitterness after political frustration and the natural expression of human relations.

  The subheadings in the above two parts are identical except that "sorrow" is changed to "bitterness", and the contents under the five subheadings in Yang Jie’s book can be found in Hao Jianjie’s paper.

  Although the fourth and sixth chapters in Yang Jie’s book are similar to Hao Jianjie’s thesis in a large area, Hao Jianjie’s doctoral thesis is only mentioned in the reference article 9 at the end of the book.

  The respondent’s reply was caused by the wrong publication of the publishing house.

  Weibo said that Hao Jianjie reported to Professor Feng Binlu, president of Weifang College and director of the academic degree committee, on June 25th. On the afternoon of September 16th and the morning of 17th, Professor Qu Zhenguo, secretary general of the academic committee of Weifang College, was entrusted by the academic degree committee to explain the investigation results to him. "Secretary-General Qu Zhenguo initially said that he had zero tolerance for academic misconduct and has formed a working group to investigate and deal with this matter. Later, Secretary-General Qu Zhenguo informed me that Mr. Yang Jie had another 170,000-word book with the same name and cover, which was published at the same time but in different editions. It was a book with detailed footnotes, reference notes and references. I saw this book suspected of plagiarism, which was wrongly published due to transmission errors when the publishing company finalized it before printing ‘ Residual books ’ Therefore, plagiarism has nothing to do with Teacher Yang Jie. " Hao Jianjie said in Weibo’s article.

  The whistleblower has been hired as a provincial subject expert.

  At 8 o’clock on October 11th, Hao Jianjie published a report in Weibo, claiming that a book published in 2018 by Yang Jie, a teacher from the School of Communication, Weifang University, copied Hao Jianjie’s doctoral thesis in 2011, and it was suspected that he had copied the Research on the Book of Songs published by Professor Li Zhaolu of binzhou university in 2008.

  At about 14 o’clock on the 12th, a staff member of the comprehensive office of the Media College of Weifang University told The Paper that Yang Jie was indeed a teacher of our school. A staff member of the Propaganda Department of Weifang University said that the school has noticed the relevant online public opinion and is currently under investigation.

  At about 16: 00 on the 12th, Weibo, the official of Weifang University, announced that a special working group had been set up to carry out investigation and verification.

  The Paper learned from official website of Media College of Weifang University that Yang Jie is now a lecturer in broadcasting and hosting Teaching and Research Section of Media College of Weifang University and a member of Shandong Classical Literature Society. The main research directions are the study of The Book of Songs and media culture. He presided over a number of topics, such as humanities and social sciences in Shandong Province, key topics of arts and sciences in Shandong Province, humanities and social sciences planning projects in colleges and universities in Shandong Province, and key research topics of social sciences planning in Weifang City, and won three third prizes for outstanding achievements in social sciences in Weifang City. In 2016, he was hired as a provincial subject expert in the "Professional Development of Teachers in internet plus" project in Shandong Province and the host of the provincial workshop on traditional culture in China. In 2016, he was awarded "One Hundred Theoretical Talents in Weifang City". (Intern Yu Yang, The Paper reporter Lu Xinwen)

Publicity of the results of the third "Fei Xiaotong Field Investigation Award"

?

??? In order to encourage people from all walks of life to pay attention to, study and record the development and changes of society and reflect the opinions and suggestions of the people, in February 2019, the Social Investigation Center of the State Council Counselor’s Office jointly launched the third essay-writing activity of "Fei Xiaotong Field Investigation Award" with Xinhuanet and Tencent.?

??? This essay activity has received positive responses from all walks of life. As of September 2019, nearly 4,000 manuscripts have been received. The content of the work covers a wide range and has strong timeliness, which reflects the authors’ observation and thinking about society.?

??? Based on the principles of openness, fairness and impartiality, the organizing committee of the essay writing activity has formulated an objective, strict and scientific evaluation method, organized authoritative experts and scholars, and selected them through initial evaluation, re-evaluation, final evaluation and academic originality testing.There are 5 first prizes, 10 second prizes, 20 third prizes and 18 excellent prizes in the third "Fei Xiaotong Field Investigation Award".?

??? The results of the awards will be publicized from November 27, 2019 to December 5. If you have any objection, please report it to the organizing committee of the essay activity by telephone or email during the publicity period.?

??? Tel: 010-65226316?

??? Email: cssdczx@vip.163.com?

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?????????????? Organizing Committee of the Third "Fei Xiaotong Field Investigation Award" Essay Activity????????

???????????????????????? ?? 2019November 26, 2008???????????????????? ?

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first prize

1. Visible regime, capital affinity and peasant exclusion in rural revitalization —— Anthropological reflection based on fenglin town’s field.?

???? (Author: Tan, author: Yunnan University)?

2. Follow-up investigation of Longgang Town, the first farmer city in China —— from "big problem of small town" to "big problem of small city" ?

(Author: Xu Zhenyu; Li Renqing; He Ningshan; Du Wenxiao; Sun Zhen, author: Nanjing Audit University; China Academy of Social Sciences; Central University of Finance and Economics)?

3. "Hummingbird" hovering between urban and rural areas —— A survey report on the group of urban courier brothers?

(Author: Lian Si; Huang Xiaodong; Feng Dan; Zhou Yuxiang; Wang Yixuan; Huang Fan; Cao Wei; Mars, author: university of international business and economics; National Federation of Trade Unions Information Center; Beijing Institute of Economic and Social Development; China Youth Research Center; Tsinghua University Institute of Social Sciences; School of Social and Population Studies; Renmin University of China; University of international business and economics)?

4. Investigation and development suggestions of home smart pension in Yangtze River Delta region?

(Author: Ma Jiqian; Yan Jin; Wang Lingping, Author: Qu Qiubai School of Government Administration, Changzhou University)?

5. From Embedding to Coupling: Power Structure Reform of Rural Governance from the Perspective of Precision Poverty Alleviation —— An Empirical Study from X Village, S City, Yunnan Province?

(Author: Wang Dianxi; Chen Fujun, author: China University of Political Science and Law)?

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the second prize

1. Authorized negotiation: the governance logic and contemporary value of traditional rural contradictions and disputes —— Taking Yujiaqiao village in western Hubei as an example.?

(Author: Li Huayin, author: China Rural Research Institute of Central China Normal University)?

2. "If you don’t work overtime, you won’t survive": the labor ecology of Internet knowledge workers —— A qualitative study on Internet UI designers?

(Author: Hou Hui; He Xuesong, author: Department of Sociology, School of Politics and Society, Hangzhou Normal University; East China University of Science and Technology School of Social and Public Administration)?

3. The flow of life gifts: from the decision of organ donation to the acceptance of organ transplantation.?

(Author: Bloomberg; Jiang Jipin; Zeng mengjun; Wang Xinqiang; Wang Ping; Pan Qingshan, author: Yangtze University Law School)?

4. Culture is the soul: the protection and development of ancient cities and villages from the perspective of historical documents such as fish scale atlas-centered on Jinhua area?

(Author: Yu Chenglin, author: College of Humanities, Zhejiang Normal University)?

5. Labor under "Digital Management": Research on Labor Management of Platform Economy —— Taking the management of "Hungry" takeaway riders in Zhongguancun, Beijing as an example.?

(Author: Chen Long, author: Department of Sociology, Peking University)?

6. Who is defending the vegetable basket in Beishangguang? -Husband and wife productivity of vegetable farmers in the eastern suburbs of China.?

(Author: Huang Zhihui; Luo Hui; Tao Hui, author: School of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China; School of Management, Minzu University of China)?

7. Profit-seeking petition under the territorial responsibility system: generation mechanism and governance logic?

(Author: Zheng Yongjun, author: China Rural Research Institute of Central China Normal University, Advanced Institute of Political Science)?

8. The Spear of Capital and the Shield of Labor —— A Study on the Localization Model of Emotional Labor of Political Work in China?

(Author: Liang Meng; Li Kunxi; Feng Xue, author: Beijing Jianzhu University)?

9. Ferry Bells —— Based on the survey of informal waste recyclers in Shanghai?

(Author: Ding Zhiwen, author: School of Social Studies, Shanghai University)?

10. Exploration on the Path of Capable People Returning to their Hometown, Villagers’ Shareholding and beautiful countryside Construction —— Based on the Investigation of Lincun Village in Central Hubei Province.?

(Author: Jian Feng, author: School of Social Studies, Huazhong University of Science and Technology)?

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third prize

1. Challenges and solutions: a grass-roots survey of rural debt?

(Author: Gao Ming; Song Hongyuan, author: Rural Economic Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)?

2. "Separated Community": An ethnographic study on the social media use of online car drivers.?

(Author: Li Sha, author: School of Marxism, Xi ‘an Jiaotong University)?

3. Field survey of 480 villages in 13 provinces in China’s rural human settlements construction?

(Author: Zhang Li; He Lian, author: Tongji University)?

4. Sanhe besieged city: the living conditions of the informal employment groups of the new generation of migrant workers-based on a field survey in the surrounding areas of Sanhe talent market in Shenzhen?

(Author: Yao Jinxin; Zhan Luming; Yang Songtao, author: School of History and Society, Anhui Normal University)?

5. Social quality, structural elements and village governance —— A case narrative from D village?

(Author: Zhan Guohui, author: School of Public Administration, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics)?

6. Spatio-temporal sociological analysis of new urbanization —— Taking the phenomenon of "renting a foreign land" as an example.?

(Author: Wu Hailin; Lu Bingzhe, author: School of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Jilin University; Peking University Department of Sociology)?

7. Reflection on "Grassroots Fatigue": Operation, Dilemma and Countermeasures of Precision Poverty Alleviation System?

(Author: Zhang Shunjie; Zhang Hengyu, author: School of Social Studies, Nanjing University)?

8. Bride price and buying a house: the micro-mechanism of the change of marriage payment?

(Author: Yu Penghan, author: Department of Sociology, Peking University)?

9. The Light of Shouguang —— A casing report from Shouguang City, Shandong Province?

(Author: Qu Changfu; Guan Bin; Ji Leilei, author: Economic Daily China Economic Net)?

10. Resource Mobilization and Coercive Development —— Based on the field investigation of land circulation in Ningxia?

(Author: Luo Qiangqiang; Zhao Jia, author: School of Politics and Law, Ningxia University)?

11. Functions and Significance of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Rural Revitalization —— Based on the Anthropological Investigation of Tielou Tibetan Township in Wenxian County, Gansu Province?

(Author: Rebecca; Yan yuhua; Zhu Jie, author: Northwest University for Nationalities; Gansu province education science research institute education science planning institute)?

12. Under the background of rural industrial revitalization, capable people run villages and farmers are marginalized.?

(Author: Shu Ligui, author: School of Public Administration, Huazhong University of Science and Technology)?

13. The development and evolution of the structural imbalance of rural public goods supply-a comparative example of three villages in central China?

(Author: Li Yaolei, author: School of Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology)?

14. Absence of support and anti-poverty: Perspective of providing for the elderly poor rural households with children without support —— Based on a case study in J County, G Province?

(Author: Li Yongjin; Li Shanshan, author: School of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Lanzhou University)?

15. Field investigation report on the construction of handicraft new village in the post-legacy era-taking Yangjiabu village in Weifang as a case.?

(Author: Rong Shuyun, author: School of Humanities and Arts, Shandong University of Arts and Crafts)?

16. How to realize the modernization of rural governance in the new era —— Exploration and enlightenment of "village communication" in Longyou, Zhejiang Province?

(Author: Kang Xiaoqiang, author: Teaching and Research Department of Scientific Socialism of the Central Party School)?

17. Investment and financing difficulties and countermeasures in the central and western regions?

(Author: Yao Yun, author: Institute of Finance, China Academy of Social Sciences)?

18. Promoting the Diversified Innovation of Public Cultural Service Supply Mode with the Guidance of "New Needs" —— Field Survey of Grassroots Public Cultural Services? ?

(Author: An Xinyi, author: Beijing Wisdom Orange Culture and Art Co., Ltd.)?

19. Trust and consumption of medical products from the perspective of embeddedness —— Taking HPV vaccine consumption as an example?

(Author: Jia Xiaofei, author: Cambridge University)?

20. The origin and return of the old house —— On the changes and development of the ancient village culture from the old house.?

(Author: Yang Zimo; Instructor: Jangdo, author: Beijing No.80 Middle School)?

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honorable mention

1. Professional embedding relationship: the path to improve the development quality of social organizations in the administrative decoupling reform?

(Author: Xue Meiqin; Ma Chaofeng, author: Department of Public Administration, Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Department of Sociology, Nanjing Forestry University)?

2. New changes in the employment of the new generation of migrant workers and countermeasures-based on the analysis of the field survey of "100 enterprises"?

(Author: Yang Zhiming; Bao Chunlei; Zhang Yiming; Li Fujun; Han Wei; Yang Yang, author: Research Group of China Labor Association)?

3. Exploration and practice of improving the interest linkage mechanism of agricultural enterprises —— Based on the investigation and analysis of the interest linkage model of tomato industry in Hangjinhouqi, Inner Mongolia.?

(Author: Wu Tianlong; Wang Ou; Xi Yinsheng; Gao Ming; He Anhua; Jiang Nan, author: Rural Economic Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)?

4. Dawn in the Dilemma: A Study on the Impact of Internet Crowdfunding for Serious Illness on the Risk of Poverty Caused by Illness in Rural Areas —— A Field Study from Jiangsu Province?

(Author: Zhang Cheng; Yang Xiaozhong; Li Xinghua; Xing Li; Chen Yuyao, author: School of Economics, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics; China Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Industrial Economics; Service Department of Jiangsu Development and Reform Commission; Nanjing University of Finance and Economics)?

5. Under the sharing economy, the "collective" consciousness is hard to find. Who will protect the labor rights and interests? —— Take the drip driver group as an example.?

(Author: Chen Fang, author: School of Social Studies, Shanghai University)?

6. Project entry into the village and micro-governance: How can village group governance be effective? -Multi-case investigation based on the landing of agriculture-related projects?

(Author: Xiang Yong, author: Socialism with Chinese characteristics Development Research Institute of Southeast University)?

7. Study on the parenting strategies and social identity of Chinese and African families in Guangzhou.?

(Author: xingxing, author: Nanjing Agricultural University)?

8. Filling the "structural hole": the governance mechanism of the precision poverty alleviation team in villages —— A case study of L town in western Hubei?

(Author: Li Zhuang; Cao Congmin, Author: School of Social Studies, Huazhong Normal University)?

9. Rural social change and land sustainability from the perspective of energetics —— Based on the field investigation of Hekeng village, an ancient world-heritage village.?

(Author: Yuan Xiaomei; Zhu Jinxin; Guan Yuting; Li Ling; Liu siman, author: School of Architecture, South China University of Technology)?

10. Feeling Trapped —— Cultural Interpretation of Domestic Violence Crimes of Rural Women in a Province of North China (2002-2014)?

(Author: Gao Meihui; Tong Shuhua, author: Department of Sociology, Guangdong Ocean University; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Police Officer School)?

11. People’s Mediation System in Social Transformation —— Based on the fieldwork of Dingzhou People’s Mediation.?

(Author: Sun Shuyan, author: School of Social and Population Studies, Renmin University of China)?

12. The new governance dilemma faced by the grass-roots government under the background of the Internet age —— Based on the investigation of Shangcai County, Zhumadian City?

(Author: Zhao Xiangyun, author: School of Social Studies, Nanjing University)?

13. Research on the Changes and Governance of Resettlement Community from the Perspective of Spatial Reconstruction —— Taking HS Community in N City as an Example?

(Author: Du Peipei, author: School of Social and Political Science, Anhui University)?

14. Bargaining and Interoperability: A New Attempt of Informal Operation of Grass-roots Power —— Based on a case study of a service-oriented project in the rural area of D Town, Beijing?

(Author: Sun Weiwei; Dong Kaiyue, author: School of Social and Psychological Sciences, Central University of Finance and Economics)?

15. Yearning for Youfangying Village 2020?

(Author: Wang Huajun, author: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Literature and History Research Institute)?

16. Investigation on the practice of industrial development in poor rural areas and research on the development mechanism —— Based on the field investigation in Yanyingshan and Chongen villages in xiuwen county, Guizhou Province.?

(Author: Xiong Debin; Li Jiahuan; Wang Xuechun; South China; Yu Jiaqi; Shi Cong; Peng Shilan; Ouyang Hongshu, author: School of Economics, Guizhou University)?

17. "Problem households" in poverty alleviation at the grass-roots level: generating logic and coping mechanism?

(Author: Zhang Zhao, author: School of Politics and International Relations, Tongji University)?

18. Investigation Report on Poverty Alleviation in Poverty-stricken Counties in Old Revolutionary Areas —— Taking Shangyou County in Jiangxi Province as an Example?

(Author: Zou Yuchun; Du Huiping; Bilin; Jia Cong, author: Joint Research Group of Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Service Bureau)?

Interpretation of main statistical indicators

 


 


education


 


Ordinary institutions of higher learning Refers to the full-time universities, independent colleges, junior colleges, higher vocational schools and other institutions that are approved to be held according to the setting standards and examination and approval procedures stipulated by the state, recruit high school graduates as the main training objects, and implement higher education.


Universities and independent colleges mainly carry out education at or above the undergraduate level, colleges and vocational schools carry out education at the junior college level, and other institutions are institutions that undertake the tasks of the national general enrollment plan. Including branches of ordinary colleges and universities and approved ordinary colleges and universities.


Independent college Refers to the secondary colleges at the undergraduate level organized by ordinary undergraduate colleges according to the new mechanism and model. The secondary colleges, "branch schools" or other similar secondary institutions established by some ordinary undergraduate colleges according to the public mechanism and mode do not belong to this category.


adult higher colleges Refers to the national unified entrance examination for adult higher education, which is approved by the national setting standards and examination and approval procedures.,Schools that recruit people who have graduated from high school or equivalent education as the main training object and implement higher education by correspondence, part-time and full-time education. Including staff colleges and universities, farmers colleges and universities, management cadre colleges, education colleges, independent correspondence colleges, radio and television universities, and other institutions. Other institutions are institutions that undertake the tasks of the national adult enrollment plan without counting schools.


Other private institutions of higher education Refers to the units that have been approved by the education administrative departments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and issued school licenses, and do not have the qualification to issue diplomas from ordinary colleges and universities.


Secondary vocational education After adjustment, secondary vocational schools refer to all kinds of school types that implement secondary vocational education, such as ordinary secondary specialized schools (secondary technical schools, secondary normal schools), adult secondary specialized schools, vocational high schools and other institutions, and are adjusted into unified school types through merger, co-construction, joint operation and transfer.


Other institutions Refers to the educational institutions undertaking secondary vocational education without counting schools (including closed schools and secondary vocational education institutions attached to institutions of higher learning).


Vocational junior high school Refers to a teaching institution approved by the education administrative department at or above the county level to recruit primary school graduates to implement junior secondary vocational and technical education.


primary education Refers to the teaching institutions approved by the education administrative departments at or above the county level to recruit school-age children to implement primary education.


approved school Refers to a teaching institution jointly organized by the education department and the public security department to rescue middle school students who have minor violations of the law.


special needs education Refers to an independent teaching institution that recruits blind, deaf and mentally handicapped children and other children and adolescents with special needs for general or vocational primary and secondary education.


preschool education Including kindergartens and preschool classes. Pre-school class refers to an organizational form of organizing pre-school children to carry out one-year pre-school education in some areas where pre-school children cannot enter the park for three years. Preschool class is an important form of developing preschool education in rural areas, and it is also an auxiliary form for cities to make up for the shortage of kindergartens.


combined junior and senior high school Refers to the educational institutions jointly established by ordinary junior high schools and senior high schools.


On-the-job personnel pursue doctoral and master’s degrees. Refers to the students who are approved by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and enrolled in the national entrance examination for doctoral and master’s degrees in order to improve the professional level of on-the-job personnel. The students trained only have degrees and no academic qualifications.


Self-taught students Refers to the students enrolled in full-time teaching remedial classes for students who take self-study exams in higher education.


Diploma examination students Refers to the full-time college students enrolled in other private higher education institutions to take the higher education diploma examination.


General preparatory students Refers to the preparatory enrollment plan issued with the approval of the Ministry of Education and the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, which recruits ethnic minorities, Hong Kong, Macao, overseas Chinese and Taiwanese students. After one year of cultural tutoring, those who pass are promoted to relevant majors in ordinary colleges and universities.


Further education and training Refers to all kinds of non-academic education in higher education schools (institutions).


Higher education qualification certificate training Refers to the non-academic education organized by various higher education institutions, which recruits management staff with high school graduation education, engaged in professional and technical work or strong professionalism, and obtains the professional knowledge level that meets the post requirements after passing the study and examination. The forms of certificate education include single-subject classes and professional certificate classes.


Higher education post certificate training Refers to the non-academic education and training activities organized by various higher education institutions to improve their work ability. All kinds of personnel who have received training pass the examination as required, and they will be issued with post qualification certificates and appointment letters. On-the-job training forms include qualification training and adaptability training.


Secondary education qualification certificate training Refers to all kinds of trained personnel who have passed the study and examination and obtained professional qualification certificates that meet the post requirements.


Secondary education post certificate training Refers to all kinds of trained personnel who have passed the study and examination, and issued post qualification certificates and post appointment letters.


Net enrollment rate of primary school-age children Refers to the proportion of school-age children who have entered primary school in the survey range to the total number of school-age children inside and outside the school (including mentally retarded children, excluding blind deaf-mute children).


Faculty (basic education) Refers to the fixed personnel (excluding temporary workers and teachers) who are prepared in schools and engaged in teaching, management and logistics support.


Teaching staff can be divided into teachers, administrators, teaching assistants and workers according to the nature of their work.


Faculty (higher and secondary vocational education) Refers to the number of teaching and administrative staff who work in schools (institutions) and are paid by schools (institutions), including ① those who are on the staff, that is, those whose personnel relations and files are in schools according to the original personnel management system; (2) Appointment personnel, that is, long-term and full-time staff recruited by universities (institutions) after the personnel system reform. The personnel relationship of the appointment personnel is in the school, but the files are not in the school.


The number of teaching and administrative staff includes the teaching and administrative staff of the headquarters, personnel of scientific research institutions, employees of school-run enterprises and personnel of other affiliated institutions.


full-time teacher Refers to a person who is qualified as a teacher and specializes in teaching.


National financial education funds Include education funds in that national budget, tax and fees levied by governments at all levels for education, school-run education fund by enterprises, and education funds from school-run industries, work-study programs and social services.


Education funds in financial budget Refers to the education funds arranged by the central and local governments at all levels or the competent department at a higher level during the year and planned to be allocated to schools and educational institutions at all levels sponsored by the education department and other departments, which are included in the national budget expenditure items, including education funds, scientific research funds, infrastructure funds and other funds.


 


culture


 


Cultural undertakings and cultural enterprise institutions Refers to the institutions and enterprises that specialize in culture and related work and have legal personality and independent accounting, as well as business professional cultural activity units that are independently accounted for and affiliated to institutions. Including: literary and artistic creation and performance, art performance venues, cultural relics and cultural protection, museums, libraries and archives, mass cultural activities, cultural and artistic brokerage and agency, other cultural and artistic industries, entertainment and cultural services, etc. Cultural and artistic education in the education industry; And other industries run by cultural institutions that do not belong to the above industries.


Non-cultural industrial institutions Refers to the institutions and enterprises that do not belong to the above "cultural institutions and cultural enterprises" and are directly under the competent cultural departments at all levels, as well as all kinds of non-cultural activities units run by various institutions and enterprises in the cultural sector.


Art performance group Refers to all kinds of professional art performance groups that are organized or managed by the cultural department and specialize in literature, art creation and performing arts, excluding half-work, half-agriculture and half-art troupes.


Art performance venues Refers to the management activities of places with auditorium, stage and lighting equipment, which are dedicated to the performance of literary and art groups. Including concert halls, opera houses, dance theaters, theatres, circuses and other places for cultural performances. Does not include cinemas, auditoriums, stadiums, art galleries and art galleries such as painting and sculpture.


Art colleges and universities Refers to the full-time, independent colleges and junior college art schools that are approved to be held according to the setting standards and examination and approval procedures stipulated by the state, incorporated into the national enrollment plan, passed the national unified enrollment examination, recruited high school graduates and those equivalent to high school education as the main training objects, and implemented higher education.


Secondary art school It refers to a full-time professional school that is approved by the Ministry of Culture or the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, incorporated into the national enrollment plan, organized entrance examinations according to state regulations, recruited primary or junior high school (or some senior high schools) graduates and those with equivalent academic qualifications, implemented secondary art education and trained secondary art talents.


Cultural cadre colleges Refers to colleges and universities where cultural cadres are trained and trained by leaders of cultural administrative departments at all levels.


Operating internet cultural unit Refers to the unit that issues the network culture business license by the cultural administrative department.


 


Radio and television


 


Total length of cable radio and television transmission trunk network It is used to transmit signals before or between various front ends and distribution points or optical nodes. Including: national trunk network, provincial trunk network, prefecture-level trunk network, county-level trunk network and leased trunk network.


Number of cable radio and television users Refers to the number of users who watch TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network, including the number of cable TV users who receive analog signals and digital signals.


Number of analog TV users Refers to the number of users who watch analog signal TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network.


Number of digital TV users Refers to the number of users who watch digital signal TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network.


Number of paid digital TV users Refers to the number of cable TV users who watch digital TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network and pay the viewing fee.


Number of public broadcasting programs Refers to the number of radio programs approved by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and run by radio and television broadcasters, which do not charge listeners for listening, and broadcast on a fixed frequency for the main purpose of providing public broadcasting services to the public, and have a complete set of self-run program schedules. This refers to the number of programs broadcast to the public for free, not only to public channels.


Time for broadcasting purchase and exchange programs throughout the year. Refers to the annual broadcast time of radio and television broadcasters through purchase, exchange and other transactions, including imported programs, which belongs to public broadcast time.


Microwave station The total number of starting stations, opening stations, relay stations and terminal stations of microwave lines.


Length of digital microwave transmission trunk line Refers to the length of microwave trunk line capable of transmitting digital signals.


Long-term employee Refers to employees whose employment period is more than one year (including one year).


Carry-over self-raised infrastructure Refers to the use of non-financial funds for infrastructure funds.


 


sports


 


Sports full-time coach Refers to coaches who specialize in sports training.


letterman Refers to the personnel who have been approved by the labor and personnel departments at all levels to join the team and specialize in sports training, including athletes in training and trial training.


First-line athletes Refers to the national team, national training team, Chinese youth team and outstanding sports teams in various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions.


Second-line athletes Refers to sports classes in sports schools. Third-line athletes: refers to all kinds of amateur sports schools for children.


 


health


 


health institution Refers to the units that have obtained the Practice License of Medical Institutions from the administrative department of health, or obtained the registration certificate of legal entity from the administrative departments of civil affairs, industry and commerce, and establishment management, and provided medical care, disease control, health supervision services or engaged in medical research and education for the society. Health institutions include hospitals, sanatoriums and community health service centers.(stand), hospitals, clinics, clinics(Health clinic, infirmary), emergency center(stand), blood collection and supply institutions, maternal and child health centers(Station, station)Specialized disease prevention and treatment center(Station, station)Center for Disease Control and Prevention(epidemic station), health supervision, health supervision and inspection(Monitoring and testing)Institutions, medical research institutions, medical on-the-job training institutions, health education institutes(stand)Other health institutions. This data does not include village clinics (separate statistics).


medical institution Refers to the institutions that have obtained the Practice License of Medical Institutions from the administrative department of health, including hospitals, sanatoriums and community health service centers.(stand), hospitals, clinics, clinics(Health clinic, infirmary), Maternal and Child Health Hospital(Station, station)Specialized disease prevention and treatment center(Station, station) , emergency center(stand)And clinical laboratory center. This information does not include village clinics.(Separate statistics).


Nonprofit medical institutions Refers to the medical institutions established and operated for the public interest, not for profit, and their income is used to make up for the cost of medical services.


For-profit medical institutions Refers to medical institutions whose income from medical services can be used to make up for investors’ economic returns. The government does not run for-profit medical institutions.


hospital Including general hospitals, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine hospitals, ethnic hospitals, various specialized hospitals and nursing homes, excluding specialized disease prevention hospitals, maternal and child health hospitals and nursing homes.


hospital of traditional Chinese medicine Refers to traditional Chinese medicine(comprehensive)Hospitals and specialized hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine, excluding hospitals of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and ethnic hospitals.


special hospital Including stomatological hospitals, ophthalmology hospitals, otolaryngology hospitals, tumor hospitals, cardiovascular hospitals, chest hospitals, hematological hospitals, and maternity hospitals.(branch of academic or vocational study)Hospitals, children’s hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, infectious diseases hospitals, dermatology hospitals, tuberculosis hospitals, leprosy hospitals, occupational diseases hospitals, orthopedic hospitals, rehabilitation hospitals, plastic surgery hospitals, beauty hospitals and other specialized hospitals, excluding traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, various specialized disease prevention hospitals and maternal and child health care hospitals.


community health service centers(stand) Refers to the grass-roots health institutions that provide prevention, medical treatment, health care, rehabilitation, health education and family planning technical services for residents in this community.


Union ban village clinic Refers to the village clinic by two or more rural doctors jointly run, rural doctors and health workers jointly run and practice.(assistant)Doctors and rural doctors or health workers jointly run.


Health personnel Refers to the workers working in health institutions such as medical treatment, preventive health care, medical scientific research and on-the-job education, including health technicians, other technicians, managers and workers. All statistics are based on the on-the-job employees who pay the wages at the end of the year, including recruiters, excluding temporary workers, retirees, those who leave the unit and still retain labor relations and those who are re-employed.


health workers Including practicing.(assistant)Doctors, registered nurses, pharmacy personnel, inspection and imaging personnel and other health professionals. Does not include health technical personnel engaged in management work.(Will be included in the management personnel.).


doctor Including chief physician, deputy chief physician, attending physician, resident physician and healer.


certified doctor Including chief physician, deputy chief physician, attending physician and resident physician.


Practitioner (assistant) physician Refers to the personnel who have the Medical Practitioner’s License and their "level" as "practicing (assistant) doctors" and are actually engaged in medical treatment, prevention and health care, excluding the practicing (assistant) doctors who are actually engaged in management. The categories of practicing (assistant) doctors are divided into four categories: clinical, traditional Chinese medicine, oral and public health.


registered nurse Refers to the personnel who have registered nurse certificate and are actually engaged in nursing work, excluding nurses engaged in management work.


Pharmacy personnel Including chief pharmacists, deputy chief pharmacists, competent pharmacists, pharmacists, pharmacists and pharmacists.


Inspector Including chief inspection technician, deputy chief inspection technician, chief inspection technician, inspection technician, inspection technician and inspector.


Other technicians Refers to those who graduated from high schools and other non-health majors such as chemistry and mathematics, and are now engaged in technical work such as health promotion, scientific research and teaching.


administrative staff Including the person in charge of the unit, mainly engaged in medical care, disease control, health supervision, medical research and teaching and other business management personnel, mainly engaged in party and government, personnel, finance, information, security and other administrative management personnel.


Health technical personnel per thousand population That is, the number of health technicians/PopulationX1000. Population is the registered population of the Ministry of Public Security.


country doctor Refers to the personnel who have obtained the certificate of "village doctor" from the local health administrative department in the village clinic.


health worker Refers to the personnel who have not obtained the certificate of "village doctor" in the village clinic.


Bed number Refers to the fixed bed at the end of the year.(Non-compiled bed), including regular beds, simple beds, monitoring beds, beds being disinfected and repaired, beds stopped due to expansion or overhaul, excluding obstetric newborn beds, delivery rooms, waiting beds, observation beds, temporary extra beds and accompanying beds for patients’ families.


Number of beds in hospitals and health centers per thousand population namely(Hospital bed+Hospital bed)/PopulationX1000. Population is the registered population of the Ministry of Public Security.


total expenditure on health Reflect the total amount of funds spent on medical and health care services in the whole country in that year, and calculate it by financing source method. It is divided into three parts: government budget health expenditure, social health expenditure and personal cash health expenditure.


Government budget health expenditure Refers to the financial budget allocated by governments at all levels for health care. Including: ① public health service funds(Including health service fees, Chinese medicine service fees, drug supervision and management fees, family planning service fees, budgetary capital construction funds, medical research funds, health administration fees, basic medical insurance subsidies and rural cooperative medical care government subsidies.); ② Medical expenses of administrative institutions.


Social health expenditure Refers to the government’s extra-budgetary investment in health care from all walks of life. Including social basic medical insurance premiums, other social insurance medical and health expenses, commercial health insurance premiums, non-health department administrative institutions office expenses, enterprise staff medical and health expenses, agriculturalVillage collective economic health expenditure, health extra-budgetary capital construction funds, initial investment of private medical treatment, extra-budgetary capital investment of public health institutions, etc.


Personal cash health expenditure Refers to urban and rural residents using their disposable economic income.,Cash when receiving various medical and health services,Including personal cash health expenditure of urban residents and personal cash health expenditure of rural residents.


Per capita medical expenses of outpatients Also known as medical expenses per visit. namely(Medical outpatient income+Drug outpatient income)/Total number of visits.


Per capita medical expenses of inpatients Also known as the per capita medical expenses of discharged patients. namely(Medical hospitalization income+Drug hospitalization income)/Number of discharged patients.


The average daily hospitalization medical expenses of discharged patients namely(Medical hospitalization income+Drug hospitalization income)/Number of days of total bed occupied by discharged patients.


Total number of visits Refers to the total number of people in all diagnosis and treatment work. Including outpatient and emergency visits of patients, visits, visits to family sickbeds, visits to hospitals, visits to staff in our hospital, individual health check-ups and health consultation and guidance, and individual health check-ups in some areas.


Number of hospital admissions per 100 emergency departments. That is, admission number/Outpatient and emergency visits x100.


Bed turnover times Refers to the ratio of "number of discharged patients" to "average number of open beds".


Average length of stay of discharged patients It refers to the ratio of "the number of days occupied by discharged patients" to "the number of discharged patients".


Doctors are responsible for the number of visits per day. That is, the number of patients/Average number of doctors/251.


The average physician is responsible for the hospital bed days every day. Refers to the actual occupation of total bed days./Average number of doctors/365.


Residents’ two-week attendance rate It refers to the ratio of the number of people who went to medical institutions for treatment due to illness or physical discomfort in the two weeks before the survey to the number of people surveyed.


Residents’ two-week absence rate It refers to the ratio of the number of people who were ill but didn’t see a doctor in the two weeks before the survey to the number of people who were sick in the two weeks.


Hospitalization rate of residents Refers to the ratio of the number of hospitalized residents due to illness to the number of people surveyed in the year before the survey.


Live birth number Refers to the number of live births during the year. Live birth refers to the pregnancy product that is completely discharged or taken out from the mother regardless of the length of pregnancy. After it is separated from the mother, whether the umbilical cord is cut off or whether the placenta is attached, as long as the pregnancy product has one of the four life signs of breathing, heartbeat, umbilical cord pulsation or obvious voluntary muscle movement, it is considered as a live birth.


neonatal mortality (rate) Refers to the postpartum within the year.28The ratio of the number of newborns who died within days to the number of live births. Generally expressed in parts per thousand.


fiveUnder-five mortality rate Refers to the year is not full.fiveRatio of deaths to live births of children aged. Generally expressed in ‰.


Maternal mortality rate Refers to every year10The death toll of 10,000 pregnant women. Maternal death refers to the period from the beginning of pregnancy to postpartum.forty-twoDeath within days, regardless of the time and place of pregnancy, includes death due to internal and surgical reasons, family planning operation, ectopic pregnancy and hydatidiform mole, but does not include death due to accidental reasons. According to the international general calculation method, the "total number of pregnant and lying-in women" is calculated by "number of live births".


High-risk maternal ratio Refers to the ratio of high-risk number to live births caused by various pathological factors and acute and chronic risk factors. General use%Express.


Maternal card establishment rate Refers to the health care card established by health care personnel during the year.(volume)Ratio of number of people to number of live births. General use%Express.


Systematic management rate of pregnant women Refers to pregnancy during the year to postpartum.28Received early pregnancy examination and prenatal examination within days ≥fiveSecond, the ratio of the number of parturients who received disinfection delivery and postpartum visit to the whole health care service to the number of local live births. General use%Express.


Prenatal check-up rate Refers to the ratio of the number of pregnant women who have received one or more prenatal examinations during the year to the number of live births. General use%Express.


Postpartum visit rate Refers to the ratio of the number of parturients who have received one or more postpartum visits during the year to the number of live births. General use%Express.


Hospital delivery rate Refers to the ratio of the number of births to the number of live births in township hospitals and medical and health institutions above the township level during the year. General use%Express.


New delivery rate Refers to the ratio of the sum of the number of births delivered by the new method of hospital delivery and non-hospital delivery to the number of live births during the year. General use%Express. The new method of delivery means that the delivery package, the hands of the midwife, the vulva of the parturient and the umbilical cord are disinfected and delivered by doctors, midwives and trained primary health personnel and midwives who have obtained the certificate of "family midwife".


the two week prevalence rate That is, the number of patients in the two weeks before the investigation.(Or number of cases)/number of people surveyedX1000.


Prevalence of chronic diseases There are two definitions: the prevalence rate of chronic diseases calculated by the number of people refers to the ratio of the number of patients with chronic diseases to the number of people surveyed in the first half of the survey; The prevalence rate of chronic diseases calculated by the number of cases refers to the number of cases of chronic diseases in the first half of the investigation.(Including one person who has been sick many times.)Compared with the number of people surveyed. "Chronic disease" refers to: ① chronic diseases (including chronic infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and chronic non-infectious diseases such as coronary heart disease and hypertension) confirmed by doctors within the first half of the investigation; ② He was diagnosed with a chronic disease by a doctor six months ago, and he had an attack during the first half of the investigation, and took treatment measures such as taking medicine and physical therapy. One of them is that they are suffering from "chronic diseases".


Statutory reporting incidence of infectious diseases Refers to every year in a certain area.10Number of legally reported infectious diseases of Class A and B in the population of 10,000. That is, the incidence of infectious diseases is legally reported=Number of legally reported infectious diseases of Class A and B/PopulationX100000.


Statutory reporting of infectious disease mortality Refers to every year in a certain area.10Number of legally reported infectious disease deaths of Class A and Class B in the population of 10,000. That is, legally reported infectious disease mortality.=Number of legally reported infectious disease deaths in Class A and Class B/PopulationX100000.


Mortality rate of legally reported infectious diseases Refers to the ratio between the number of deaths and the number of cases of legally reported infectious diseases in a certain area in a certain year. That is, legally reported mortality of infectious diseases.=Number of legally reported infectious disease deaths in Class A and Class B/Incidence numberX100%.


Standardized mortality rate That is, the age-standardized mortality rate refers to the mortality rate calculated according to the age structure of a standard population.


Qualified rate of food hygiene Refers to the qualified rate of food hygiene sampling inspection.,That is, the number of qualified food hygiene sampling monitoring pieces./Number of monitoring piecesX100%.


 


social work


 


Private non-enterprise Refers to enterprises, institutions, social organizations, other social forces and individual citizens who use non-state-owned assets to organize non-profit social service activities.


Number of regular pensions Refers to the number of families of revolutionary martyrs, families of soldiers who died in the line of duty or died at the end of the reporting period who met the pension conditions and were given regular pensions by the state.


Number of regular subsidies Refers to the sum of the demobilized soldiers who can’t participate in productive labor and have a particularly difficult life, the demobilized soldiers who have completely lost their ability to work and have a difficult life, the lost Red Army personnel, and other people who enjoy regular payment with pension expenses at the end of the reporting period.


Veterans of the Red Army in the countryside (separated Red Army personnel, marked army), etc. point to1937yearsevenmoonsixsunFormerly enlisted in the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants (including the marked army, the anti-Japanese Coalition forces and the full-time guerrillas led by the Communist Party of China (CPC)); There are discharge procedures or exact certificates; Those who have not defected to the enemy, and who have continued to maintain the revolutionary tradition after returning to the local area, and those who have been separated from the Red Army due to injury, illness, defeat in battle or organized mobilization, and have performed well after leaving the team, and have been recognized by the local people, reviewed by the township people’s government, and approved by the county and municipal people’s governments.


Demobilized soldiers in rural areas Refers to1954year11moononesunNon-commissioned officers and soldiers who volunteered to join the army before and were demobilized, or those who were conscripts but later changed to volunteers or cadres were treated as demobilized.


Number of scattered martyrs memorial buildings Refers to the total number of martyrs memorial buildings without martyrs memorial building management unit at the end of the reporting period. Including the number of monuments, towers, pavilions, shrines and martyrs’ cemeteries that praise revolutionary martyrs.


Adoption unit (social welfare unit providing accommodation) Refers to the general name of social welfare institutions that provide accommodation, rest homes for disabled revolutionary soldiers, sanatoriums for retired soldiers with chronic diseases, mental hospitals for retired soldiers, glorious hospitals, social welfare homes, children’s welfare homes, mental patients’ welfare homes, elderly adoption institutions (nursing homes, nursing homes, elderly apartments) and so on.


Social welfare enterprise Refers to the centralized placement of disabled people with certain working ability for the purpose of employment (disabled workers account for production personnel)10%Above), a general term for enterprises with social welfare nature. Social welfare enterprises are classified as: social welfare factories, artificial limb factories and other welfare enterprises.


Regular quantitative relief funds in cities and towns According to the regulations, the civil affairs department shall issue regular quantitative relief funds to the orphans, the old, the disabled, the young and the residents who have no fixed occupation, fixed income and living difficulties in cities and towns that have not yet implemented the minimum living security system.


Regular quantitative relief in rural areas By the civil affairs department to the rural income level is very low, life is really difficult, poor households living relief.


Streamline retired old workers point to1957Work before the end of the year, at1961Year’s arrival1965yearsixmoonninesunOld employees who were downsized during the period.


40%relieve Refers to the original standard salary given by the civil affairs department to the old, weak, sick and disabled among the streamlined retired old workers.40%Relief.


Streamline the assistance for retired workers Refers to the right or wrong40%The civil affairs department shall give relief to the streamlined retired workers who have difficulties in life for more than half a year.


Temporary relief in rural areas Refers to the life relief given by the state or the collective to those who have temporary difficulties in life for less than half a year during the reporting period.


Welfare lottery chest Refers to the extra-budgetary funds earmarked for the development of social welfare undertakings raised by issuing China welfare lottery tickets according to relevant state regulations. The income of social welfare fund includes: the net income after deducting the redemption and management fees from the total amount of welfare lottery tickets sold in China; Abandoned prize income without prize pool in lottery sales; Interest on bank deposits of social welfare funds.


household enjoying the five guarantees Refers to the person who cannot be legally obligated to support, or the person who is legally obligated to support, but the person who supports him is incapable of supporting; Incapable of working; The elderly, the disabled and the minors who have no source of livelihood.


Sanwu"target Refers to the residents who can’t support (support, support) obligors, have no ability to work and have no source of income.


Number of charity supermarkets Refers to the number of social donation institutions that rely on regular social donation stations (points) to solve the living difficulties of urban poor residents, take targeted collection and distribution as the main form, learn from the management model of commercial supermarkets, and receive donated materials on demand for relief objects.


Urban elderly adoption welfare institutions Refers to the general name of social welfare institutions that provide accommodation, are not for profit, and mainly adopt the social "three noes" and the elderly whose families are unable to take care of them.


Rural elderly adoption welfare institutions (rural five-guarantee welfare institutions) Refers to the social welfare units that provide accommodation, are not for profit, and mainly adopt "five guarantees" and elderly people whose families are unable to take care of them in rural areas (townships and towns).


Community Service Center Refers to welfare institutions that do not provide multi-functional comprehensive services (more than two services) for the elderly, disabled people, families of martyrs and other community residents for profit. Basic conditions for being called a community service center: (oneThere is a certain place (the construction area is in100square meterAbove); (2) there are fixed management personnel; (three) The social welfare services provided must be more than two; (four) is an independent accounting unit.


Social welfare hospital Refers to the social welfare hospitals (including psychiatric welfare hospitals) that provide accommodation, are not for profit, and mainly treat the homeless, helpless, and have no source of income, as well as the civil objects such as subsistence allowances and special care recipients.


Other payments Expenditure for civil affairs refers to the expenditure for civil affairs arranged by the finance from the budget. Such as military supply station funds, medical assistance, and secondary specialized schools organized by civil affairs departments.


 


Disabled cause


 


Cataract surgery Refers to the number of cases of cataract surgery.


Intraocular lens implantation Refers to the number of cases of intraocular lens implantation in cataract surgery.


become literate Refers to the number of cases of blindness after cataract surgery.


Equipped with visual AIDS Refers to the number of tasks completed with visual AIDS for low vision in this year.


Hospital ophthalmology Refers to the number of newly opened low-vision clinics in hospitals at the municipal level (including county-level cities) this year.


Total number of newly recruited deaf children Refers to the sum of the number of deaf children newly trained in rehabilitation institutions and families this year.


Training parents of deaf children Refers to the number of parents of deaf children who held parent training classes this year (excluding parents of deaf children who are being trained by provincial centers and language training departments).


In-service teacher Refers to teachers who are directly engaged in rehabilitation training in rehabilitation institutions at all levels.


In-service medical skills Refers to the professional and technical personnel engaged in deafness diagnosis, hearing test, hearing aid selection, ear mold making, rehabilitation evaluation, psychological test and so on in rehabilitation institutions at all levels.


Rehabilitation and correction of leprosy deformity Refers to the number of cases in which leprosy patients received leprosy deformity correction surgery this year.


Set up a medical team Refers to the number of batches of provincial and municipal leprosy rehabilitation medical teams in this year.


Distribution of assistive devices (excluding artificial limbs) for leprosy disabled persons Refers to the total number of assistive devices distributed to leprosy disabled people in this year. Auxiliary appliances include protective shoes, insoles, goggles, crutches, wheelchairs, self-help appliances, orthoses, etc.


Rehabilitation training of leprosy deformity Refers to the number of leprosy disabled rehabilitation training tasks completed this year. Rehabilitation training includes self-care training and functional exercise.


Total cases of popular leg prosthesis assembly Refers to the number of popular leg prostheses assembled by the Disabled Persons’ Federation system this year.


Total cases of universal thigh prosthesis assembly Refers to the number of popular thigh prostheses assembled by the Disabled Persons’ Federation system this year.


Covering the total population Refers to the sum of the population covered by cities and counties that carry out intensive prevention and rehabilitation work. The population of prefecture-level cities refers to the population of the city, excluding the population of cities and counties under their jurisdiction; The population of county-level cities and counties refers to the population under the jurisdiction of the cities and counties.


Number of mental patients Refers to the total number of registered mental patients after a thorough investigation, rather than the figures calculated or estimated according to the incidence rate.


Number of patients under guardianship Refers to the total number of mental patients who receive socialized, open and comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation through monitoring groups, family sickbeds, industrial treatment stations, social employment and mental health institutions.


Number of significantly improved patients Refers to the number of mental patients whose condition is stable and their symptoms are relieved after taking effective treatment and rehabilitation measures.


Total number of people participating in society Refers to the number of mental patients who can take care of themselves and participate in housework, social production and social activities.


Accident rate Refers to the percentage of the number of people who violate the regulations on public security management and the total number of registered mental patients in the year.


Number of rehabilitation training for children with physical disabilities and cerebral palsy It refers to the number of tasks completed in rehabilitation training for physically disabled and cerebral palsy children in this year.


Effective number of rehabilitation for children with physical disabilities and cerebral palsy After systematic rehabilitation training, the training effect is the sum of significant effect and effective number.


Number of rehabilitation training for children with intellectual disabilities Refers to the sum of the tasks completed by mentally disabled children in institutions and families during this year.


Effective number of institutional and family rehabilitation for children with intellectual disabilities Respectively, after rehabilitation training in institutions and families, the training effect is the sum of great progress and the number of progress.


Number of municipal districts and counties (cities) carrying out rehabilitation services this year It refers to the number of tasks of municipal districts and counties (cities) that have carried out rehabilitation services for the disabled in this year to meet the requirements of the implementation measures of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Rehabilitation Training and Services.


Cumulative number of municipal districts and counties (cities) carrying out rehabilitation services Respectively refer to2001Since, the sum of the number of tasks of municipal districts and counties (cities) that have carried out rehabilitation services for the disabled to meet the implementation requirements of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Rehabilitation Training and Services.


Total rehabilitation training service institutions Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31On, the sum of the number of rehabilitation training service institutions for children with physical disabilities (including children with cerebral palsy) and intellectual disabilities at the provincial, city (prefecture), county (city, district) and county (city, district) levels.


Provincial, prefectural (city) and county (city, district) level disabled persons’ Federation system rehabilitation training service institutions. Refers to the end of this year.twelvemoon31Number of rehabilitation training service institutions for physically disabled (including children with cerebral palsy) and intellectually disabled children established by the Disabled Persons’ Federation system at the provincial, city (prefecture) and county (city, district) levels.


Rehabilitation training service institutions established outside the Disabled Persons’ Federation system at the provincial, prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels. Refers to the end of this year.twelvemoon31Number of rehabilitation training service institutions for physically disabled (including children with cerebral palsy) and mentally disabled children established by departments and social forces outside the Disabled Persons’ Federation system at the provincial, city (prefecture) and county (city, district) levels.


Total training this year Refers to the sum of the training times of managers and technicians carried out by provinces, cities and districts (counties) according to the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Rehabilitation Training and Services this year.


Distribute iodine supplement publicity materials Refers to the sum of promotional materials (posters, brochures, popular science books, etc.) issued by the China Disabled Persons’ Federation and the disabled persons’ federations of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and counties in this year.


Organize iodine supplementation publicity activities. Refers to all kinds of publicity activities, such as IDD prevention day, exhibition, consultation and knowledge lecture, jointly organized by the Disabled Persons’ Federation at all levels and the Disabled Persons’ Federation with health, civil affairs, family planning commission, salt industry, publicity and other relevant departments this year to eliminate IDD and prevent intellectual disability caused by iodine deficiency.


Number of people with special needs receiving publicity and education on iodine supplementation Refers to the number of people with special needs (newly married women of childbearing age and pregnant women) in a region who have received publicity and education on iodine supplementation. The total number of people with special needs for publicity and education can be1996Based on the estimated number of iodine supplements for people with special needs in.


Ordinary high schools for the blind and deaf It refers to the actual number of ordinary high schools for the blind and deaf respectively.


Number of people who have reached the admission scores of ordinary colleges and universities Refers to the actual number of disabled senior high school graduates who participated in this year’s college entrance examination and reached the admission score.


Reach the admission scores of ordinary colleges and universities. Refers to the actual number of disabled candidates who have not only reached the admission score of the college entrance examination but also been admitted by ordinary colleges and universities (excluding the number of students admitted to higher special education institutions).


Number of students enrolled in higher special education institutions Refers to the number of blind and deaf students admitted to higher special education colleges (schools) and majors (classes) this year.


Total educational and training institutions Refers to the number of academic education and non-academic training institutions specially organized by the society and the Disabled Persons’ Federation system for the disabled.


Total vocational training Refers to the vocational training of the society and the Disabled Persons’ Federation system except academic education, and the actual number of trainees in this year (including the number of trainees).


Total secondary vocational education institutions for the disabled Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31Day, including the actual number of secondary vocational education institutions with academic qualifications for the disabled in special education schools, society and disabled persons’ federations.


School-age disabled children and adolescents with vision, hearing, intelligence, physical and mental disabilities who are not enrolled in school. Refers to a person who suffers from only one type of disability. Use of criteria for defining disability categories1987yearfourThe disability category standard of the national sample survey of disabled people in June.


Multiple disabilities Refers to a person suffering from two or more categories of disabled people. Use of criteria for defining disability categories1987yearfourThe disability category standard of the national sample survey of disabled people in June.


We should help poor disabled children and adolescents who are not enrolled in school. Refers to disabled children and adolescents who live below the local poverty line and are not enrolled in school.


Cumulative employment situation of urban disabled people Refers to urban (non-agricultural registered permanent residence) centralized employment of disabled people, decentralized proportional employment (including disabled people who have been employed in various social units before the implementation of proportional employment) and individual employment, as of this year.twelvemoon31The cumulative number of people who have been placed in employment on a daily basis.


This year’s vocational skills training for disabled people Refers to the number of persons with disabilities who are employable but not employed, need to change their occupations and have been employed and need to improve their technical level. (including pre-employment training, pre-job training, job transfer training and on-the-job training, etc.)


Accumulated unemployment of urban disabled persons Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31The actual cumulative number of people with disabilities in cities and towns who have employment requirements and employment ability but have not arranged employment (men of employment age)16forty-nineYears old; woman16forty-fourYears old)


Cumulative employment in rural areas Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31Disabled people in rural areas (agricultural registered permanent residence) are engaged in all kinds of productive labor, including planting, aquaculture, cottage industry and the total number of disabled people in various types of enterprises, services, businesses and individual businesses.


Accumulated stable employment in rural areas Refers to the cumulative number of disabled people with a relatively fixed income and a relatively stable life in the "cumulative employment in rural areas".


Practical technical training this year Refers to the number of disabled employment service agencies, organizations and schools with the help of social forces in this year, and various agricultural technical trainings for rural disabled people such as "planting, raising and adding".


Cumulative unemployment of disabled people in rural areas Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31The cumulative number of disabled people in rural areas who hold the local official agricultural registered permanent residence and have participated in the labor demand but have not engaged in the occupation described in the "Cumulative Employment in Rural Areas" (the employment age is16Age and16Years old or older. It does not include disabled people who cannot support productive labor due to lack of working conditions and can only solve food and clothing through social relief).


Poor disabled people Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31Number of rural poor disabled people living below the local poverty line.


Can support poor disabled people Refers to the number of poor disabled people who are suitable to participate in productive labor.


Cities and towns have been included in the minimum living guarantee. Refers to the disabled with urban hukou, and the per capita income of family members is lower than the local minimum living standard for urban residents, which has been included in the minimum living guarantee.


Centralized support Refers to the number of disabled people in cities and towns who meet the conditions of five guarantees and are supported by social welfare institutions such as social welfare homes.


Temporary relief Refers to the number of disabled people who have urban hukou, have temporary difficulties due to unexpected accidents, affect their basic life, and enjoy funds and in-kind assistance donated by the government or society from time to time.


Rural areas have been included in the minimum living security. Refers to the number of persons with disabilities in agricultural registered permanent residence, whose per capita income of family members is lower than the local minimum living standard in rural areas and has been included in the minimum living guarantee.


Five guarantees Refers to the number of disabled people who are unable to legally support their obligations in rural areas, or who have legal support obligations but have no ability to support, have no ability to work and have no source of income, and receive life care and material help in food, clothing, housing, medical care and burial.


Temporary relief Refers to the number of disabled people who have agricultural registered permanent residence, have temporary difficulties due to unexpected accidents, affect their basic life, and enjoy funds and in-kind assistance donated by the government or society irregularly.


Regular subsidy Finger continuitysixNumber of persons with disabilities who enjoy temporary relief for more than one month and are given regular and quantitative financial subsidies by the government.


specific grant Refers to the number of disabled persons who have been subsidized by the Disabled Persons’ Federation by setting up special subsidies and other measures in addition to implementing various safeguard measures.


Provincial, city (prefecture) level audio books library (room) It refers to the actual number of audio-visual books libraries and rooms for the blind that have been opened or opened in introspection, city (prefecture) level public libraries (rooms) and disabled people’s activity facilities this year.


Provincial, city (prefecture) level sports venues It refers to the number of sports venues for the disabled determined by signing agreements or listing in public stadiums at the introspection and city (prefecture) levels this year.


Develop rehabilitation and fitness programs for the disabled. Refers to the number of rehabilitation and fitness programs suitable for disabled people developed by provincial disabled persons’ federations this year.


Provincial and municipal sports competitions for the disabled. Refers to the provincial (including cities specifically designated in the state plan) and city (prefecture) level sports commission, the Disabled Persons’ Federation and the Sports Association’s provincial and city (prefecture) level disabled games (tryouts) in this year.


NPC law enforcement inspection Refers to the number of times that people’s congresses at the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels inspected the implementation of the law on the protection of the disabled and its implementation methods and provisions on helping the disabled this year.


CPPCC inspection or special investigation Refers to the number of inspections or special investigations on the implementation of the law on the protection of the disabled and its implementation methods and the provisions on helping the disabled by the CPPCC at the provincial (autonomous region, municipality directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels this year.


Special inspection by the government and relevant administrative functional units Refers to the number of times that the provincial (autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city), county (city, district) governments and relevant administrative departments conducted special inspections on the implementation of the Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons and its implementation measures and provisions on assisting disabled persons this year.


Disabled legal aid (service) center Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31On, the cumulative number of legal aid centers for the disabled or branches (stations) of legal aid centers for the disabled, which are jointly organized by judicial administrative departments at the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels and disabled persons’ federations at the same level or run by disabled persons’ federations and approved by judicial administrative departments at the same level.


Persons with disabilities receive legal aid and services. It refers to the number of people who provide legal aid and services to the disabled in this year, such as law firms designated or entrusted by the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), city (prefecture) and county (city, district) level Disabled Persons’ Federation, legal aid (service) centers (sub-centers) for the disabled or the work department (station) of the legal aid center.


Investigate and deal with major cases that infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled. Refers to the cases concluded or handled within this year with one of the following conditions, which are directly involved (including cooperation with relevant departments) by the provincial and municipal disabled persons’ federations and disabled persons’ federations established or entrusted by them:


1. According to the local economic development level, the amount of the subject matter of the case is relatively large;


Two, the local major media reported the case;


Three, at or above the provincial level, the main leaders at or above the prefecture level have given instructions for handling;


4. The rights and interests of group disabled persons are infringed.


Provincial rights protection hotline Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31sun, the province (autonomous region, municipality directly under the central government) Disabled Persons’ Federation in the organ rights department (office), the petition department, the legal aid (service) center for the disabled set up the hotline (number).


Laws and regulations on the construction of barrier-free facilities and government orders Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31The local laws and regulations promulgated and implemented by the provincial (autonomous region, municipality directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) level people’s congress or the government on June, aimed at promoting the construction and management of barrier-free facilities in this region.


Carry out the construction of barrier-free facilities in cities, counties and districts Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31On, the cumulative number of cities, counties and districts that have been jointly determined by provincial disabled persons’ federations and construction departments at the same level to carry out barrier-free facilities construction according to the outline of the tenth five-year plan and the eleventh five-year plan for the disabled in China and its supporting implementation plan.


Group visit of motor vehicles point tofiveVisits by groups of more than one person on motor vehicle transportation and motor vehicle operation.


Number of disabled persons’ federations to be built Subject to local administrative divisions.


Projects that have been put into use Refers to the comprehensive service facilities that have been completed and accepted and carried out for the disabled. Among them, "new projects put into use this year" refers to the projects in this year.onemoononeDay to this yeartwelvemoon31New facilities put into use between Japan and Japan.


Accumulated projects that have been put into use Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31All facilities that have been put into use.


Construction land area Refers to the total area of land occupied by the planned comprehensive service facilities.


scale of construction Refers to the construction area of the built comprehensive service facilities.


total investment  For "projects that have been put into use", it refers to the actual amount of funds invested at the time of completion and settlement; For "projects under construction" and "projects under preparation", it refers to the total estimated amount for the construction of comprehensive service facilities for the disabled.


 


Public management and social organization


 


The people’s procuratorate directly files a case for investigation. Refers to the crime of corruption and bribery, the crime of dereliction of duty and infringement, the crime of infringing citizens’ personal rights and democratic rights committed by the staff of state organs by taking advantage of their functions and powers, and other major criminal cases committed by the staff of state organs by taking advantage of their functions and powers after the provincial people’s procuratorate decides to put on record for investigation.


Accept a case Refers to the newly accepted cases this year.


register It refers to the litigation activities in which the people’s procuratorate considers that there is a duty crime after a preliminary investigation of the accepted case, and should be investigated for criminal responsibility, and decides to investigate it as a criminal case, which is the beginning of investigating the crime. This indicator mainly reflects the litigation activities of the people’s procuratorate to investigate the clues of duty crimes as criminal cases according to law.


wind up/close/conclude a case Refers to the end of the investigation procedure.


Major case Refers to cases of corruption and bribery involving more than 50,000 yuan, misappropriation of public funds involving more than 100,000 yuan, and cases identified in accordance with the Standards of People’s Procuratorate for Directly Accepting Serious Cases of Dereliction of Duty and Infringement (Trial). This index mainly reflects the cases with great economic losses and serious social harm among the duty crime cases investigated by the people’s procuratorate.


key criminal case Refers to crimes committed by cadres at or above the county level. This indicator mainly reflects the situation that cadres at or above the county level are placed on file for investigation by the people’s procuratorate according to law in duty crime cases.


approve an arrest It means that the people’s procuratorate examines the criminal suspects arrested by the public security, state security organs and prison management organs, and makes a decision to arrest according to the facts. This indicator mainly reflects the situation that the people’s procuratorate makes a decision to approve the arrest according to law after examining the criminal suspect who has been arrested.


Decide to arrest Refers to the arrest decision made by the people’s procuratorate in accordance with the law when it deems it necessary to arrest the criminal suspect in a case directly put on file for investigation. This indicator mainly reflects the people’s procuratorate’s exercise of the right to decide on arrest in cases directly accepted.


to prosecute Refers to the people’s procuratorate to the public security, state security organs, prison management organs and procuratorial organs investigation department to review the case, according to the facts, make a public prosecution case. This indicator mainly reflects the situation that people’s procuratorates have prosecuted various criminal cases in people’s courts.


criminal case Refers to cases investigated by public security organs, state security organs and prison management organs in accordance with the provisions of jurisdiction.


Apply summary procedure Refers to the people’s court may be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention, public surveillance, and a single fine. The facts are clear and the evidence is sufficient, and the people’s procuratorate suggests or agrees to apply summary procedures; Cases handled only after telling; A minor criminal case prosecuted by the victim with evidence.


first trial Refers to the first instance procedure of public prosecution cases.


review Refers to a case retried by the people’s court in accordance with the procedure of trial supervision.


Lodge a protest Refers to the litigation activities in which the people’s procuratorate considers that the judgment or ruling of the people’s court is really wrong and proposes to the people’s court to retry the case. Including protests in accordance with the procedure of second instance and protests in accordance with the procedure of trial supervision (retrial procedure).


Withdraw the protest Refers to the protest filed by the people’s procuratorate at a higher level against the people’s procuratorate at a lower level in accordance with the procedure of second instance. After examination, it is considered that the protest is inappropriate and the protest is withdrawn to the people’s court at the same level, and the people’s procuratorate at a lower level who lodged the protest is notified at the same time.


register Refers to the decision to file a case for review.


Draw a protest Refers to the case that the people’s procuratorate at the same level refers to the case that our hospital has the right to lodge a protest to the people’s procuratorate at a lower level, and the people’s procuratorate at a lower level considers that it should lodge a protest and suggests that the people’s procuratorate at a higher level lodge a protest.


protest Refers to the case protested by the people’s procuratorate at the corresponding level.


Withdraw the protest Refers to the case that the people’s procuratorate that made the protest decision found that the protest was improper, or withdrew the protest from the people’s court after receiving the decision of the people’s procuratorate at a higher level to cancel the protest.


Filing supervision Refers to the supervision of the people’s procuratorate on the criminal filing activities of the investigation organs. Including the supervision of filing a case without filing a case and the supervision of filing a case without filing a case.


Supervise the filing of cases It includes two contents: the investigation organ takes the initiative to file a case after receiving the request to explain the reasons for not filing a case and the execution notice to file a case.


Supervise the withdrawal of the case Refers to the supervision of the people’s procuratorate on the investigation organ’s filing of a case when it should not be filed.


Regulatory activities Refers to the supervision of the management activities of prisons and other places of supervision and reform.


Holiday reduction insurance" Refers to the supervision of the people’s procuratorate on the illegal situation in the commutation, parole and medical parole of criminals.


accept and hear a case Refers to the situation in which the people’s procuratorate accepts the complaint. Including letters and visits.


File a case for review Refers to the people’s procuratorate after accepting the appeal, after examination and decision to file a case for review.


wind up/close/conclude a case Refers to the case with the result of filing a case for review.


First report Refers to the unit or individual who reports the suspected corruption and bribery crimes of state functionaries by letter or visit, and the suspected dereliction of duty and infringement crimes of state functionaries. Does not include the number of repeated reports.


First accusation Refers to the unit or individual since the letter, visit form to report national staff illegal or suspected of criminal offences. Does not include the number of repeated charges.


First appeal Complaints in the form of letters and visits that refuse to accept the decision of the people’s procuratorate or the judgment or ruling of the people’s court. Does not include repeated complaints.


Send it to the procuratorate Refers to the people’s procuratorate to accept the report, complaint and appeal cases, after examination, according to different situations, or directly handled by the complaint department, or transferred to the relevant business departments of our hospital, or transferred to other people’s procuratorates.


Jinguo Wenminggang Refers to the creation of "Women’s Civilization Post", which is to meet the needs of the socialist market economy and serve the overall situation of national reform, development and stability, and is organized by the All-China Women’s Federation.24Several ministries and commissions initiated and launched a mass spiritual civilization creation activity aimed at encouraging women to strive for excellence, make contributions to their posts and become talents.


Wuhao civilized family It refers to "patriotism and law-abiding, enthusiasm for public welfare", "learning and enterprising, loving their posts and being dedicated to their work", "equality between men and women, respecting the old and loving the young", "changing customs, having fewer children and being good", "managing the family diligently and protecting the environment", and the selection conditions are the best among the best.


Number of parent schools of various types In order to further promote the healthy development of family education, spread the advanced concepts of family education, and help parents master the scientific knowledge and teaching methods of family education, according to the requirements of parents of children of different ages and parents of children with special needs, the number of various types of parent schools and the number of broadcast parent schools run on radio and television. These schools have played a very good role in improving the quality of parents and the level of family education. The school is required to have institutions, fixed venues and teachers, teaching materials, assessment, annual work plans and complete files.


Chunlei primary school Refers to schools built or rebuilt with donations from China Children’s and Teenagers’ Fund, including schools built with donations from women’s federations at all levels.


Mother water cellar Refers to the water cellar built by the China Women’s Development Foundation to help mothers and children in the arid areas of western China solve the drinking water problem and raise funds from all walks of life.


Mother health express It refers to the medical ambulance undertaken by the China Women’s Development Foundation and donated by all sectors of society to help women and children in poverty-stricken areas in the west solve the problem of medical treatment.