The 2023 Global Service Trade Conference was held in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province on September 21st. At the conference, the Global Service Trade Development Index Report 2023 (hereinafter referred to as "Report") was released, and the development trends and latest trends of global and China service trade were analyzed.

Unfavorable factors such as slowing global economic recovery, shrinking external demand, supply shocks and geopolitical conflicts have affected the sustained recovery of global service trade. From China’s point of view, the overall recovery of China’s service trade is good, and it has now exceeded the scale before the epidemic.

Li Jun, Director of Institute of Service and Trade, Ministry of CommerceFrom the perspective of industry, the proportion of knowledge-intensive service trade has increased, and transportation services and core digital services have become important engines for the rapid growth of China’s service trade. From the perspective of openness, the openness of some areas of China’s service industry has improved, but the overall level of open development still needs to be improved. The momentum of digital and green development of China’s service trade has been continuously enhanced.

The Global Service Trade Development Index Report 2023 calculates the service trade development indexes of 79 economies in the world and provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, and quantifies them from the dimensions of service trade, such as scale, structure, status, industrial base and comprehensive environment, and obtains the national regional index and provincial and municipal index. From the comprehensive index, in the past five years, the overall ranking of China’s comprehensive development level of service trade in the world has risen, with the service trade scale ranking second in the world and the per capita service trade scale index ranking sixth.

In addition, the Report shows that at present, China’s "bonded+service trade" has the characteristics of significantly enhanced development vitality, more diversified development models, vigorous rise of new models and new formats, and continuous innovation of supervision models.

Li Jun, Director of Institute of Service and Trade, Ministry of CommerceWith the continuous development of the bonded area and the emergence of new modes and new formats, the relevant state departments have issued a series of policies related to the bonded area, which has provided an important institutional guarantee for promoting the development of related fields. Among them, the relevant policies and regulations of "bonded+service trade" such as bonded leasing, bonded display and bonded maintenance have been continuously improved, and some comprehensive bonded zones are transforming into comprehensive bonded zones featuring service trade.

(Headquarters CCTV reporter Xu Ningning Nanjing Taiwan)

The State Council on printing and distributing the outline of national land planning(2016— Notice of 2030)

Guo Fa [2017] No.3

　　People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

　　The Outline of National Land Planning (2016— 2030) is issued to you, please implement it carefully.　

　　the State Council

January 3, 2017

(This piece is publicly released)

Outline of National Land Planning (2016— 2030)

　　Catalogue

　　Leading words

　　Chapter I Basic Situation

　　Section 1 Major Opportunities

　　Section 2 Severe challenges

　　Chapter II General Requirements

　　The first section guiding ideology

　　Section 2 Basic Principles

　　Section III Main Objectives

　　Chapter III Strategic Pattern

　　Section 1 Efficient and standardized pattern of land development and opening up

　　Section 2 Safe and Harmonious Ecological Environment Protection Pattern

　　Section III Regional Development Pattern of Coordination and Linkage

　　Chapter IV Agglomeration Development

　　The first section to build a multi-center network development pattern

　　Section 2 Promoting the Development of New Urbanization

　　Section III Optimizing the Development Layout of Modern Industries

　　Chapter V Classified Protection

　　The first section constructs the "five categories and three levels" national territory protection pattern.

　　Section 2 Promoting the Protection of Human Settlements and Ecological Environment

　　Section III Strengthening Natural Ecological Protection

　　Section IV Strict Protection of Water Resources and Cultivated Land Resources

　　Section 5 Strengthening the Protection of Marine Ecological Environment

　　Chapter VI Comprehensive Improvement

　　Section 1 Promote the formation of a comprehensive land improvement pattern of "four districts and one belt"

　　Section II Comprehensive Improvement of Urbanization Areas

　　Section III Promoting the Comprehensive Improvement of Rural Land

　　The fourth quarter to strengthen the comprehensive improvement of key ecological function areas

　　Section 5 Accelerate the comprehensive improvement of mineral resources development concentration areas

　　Section VI Comprehensive Improvement of Coastal Zones and Islands

　　Chapter VII Linkage Development

　　Section 1 Promoting the Development of Regional Integration

　　Section 2 Support the accelerated development of special areas

　　Section III Improving the Level of Open Cooperation

　　Chapter VIII Support and Guarantee

　　Section 1 Strengthening infrastructure construction

　　Section 2 Ensuring Reasonable Demand for Construction Land

　　Section III Strengthening the Comprehensive Allocation of Water Resources

　　The fourth quarter to build energy security system

　　Section 5: Enhancing the Guarantee Capacity of Non-energy Important Mineral Resources

　　Section VI Strengthening the Ability of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

　　Section 7 Promoting institutional and institutional innovation

　　Chapter IX Supporting Policies

　　Section 1 Resources and Environmental Policies

　　Section II Industrial Investment Policy

　　Section III Fiscal and Tax Policies

　　Chapter X Implementation of the Outline

　　The first section tamps the implementation foundation

　　Section 2 Strengthening implementation management

　　Leading words

　　China’s territory includes land territory and marine territory, of which the land territory covers an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. According to the relevant provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and China’s proposition, the sea area under jurisdiction is about 3 million square kilometers. This is a precious home for the Chinese nation to thrive, and it is also the basic carrier for China’s sustainable economic and social development. Scientifically promoting the development of land agglomeration, classified protection and comprehensive improvement, further optimizing the development pattern, improving the development quality and standardizing the development order are conducive to the formation of a beautiful land with security, harmony, openness, coordination, competitiveness and sustainable development, and provide strong support and basic guarantee for realizing the goal of "two hundred years" and realizing the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation.

　　According to the deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the Outline of National Land Planning (2016— 2030) (hereinafter referred to as the "Outline") is an important measure to promote the overall layout of the "five in one" and the coordinated promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, implement the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, and promote the balance of population, resources and environment and the unity of economic, social and ecological benefits. The Outline implements the overall strategy of regional development and the strategy of main functional areas, promotes the implementation of the "Belt and Road" construction, the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (hereinafter referred to as the three major strategies), and makes overall arrangements for land space development, resource and environmental protection, comprehensive land improvement and security system construction, which plays a guiding and controlling role in various activities involving land space development, protection and improvement, and has a leading and coordinating role in relevant land space special planning.

　　The Outline covers the whole territory of China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan). The planning base period is 2015, the medium-term target year is 2020, and the long-term target year is 2030.

　　Chapter I Basic Situation

　　At present, China is in the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the world situation and national conditions continue to undergo profound changes, economic development has entered a new normal, and land development, utilization and protection are facing major opportunities and severe challenges. We must conform to the international trend, base ourselves on the basic national conditions, grasp the requirements of the times, and scientifically judge the development situation.

　　Section 1 Major Opportunities

　　The deepening of economic globalization has provided a good external environment for building an open land development pattern. Since the 1980s, the market economy and international division of labor have been accelerated, and the pace of economic globalization and regional integration has been accelerated, which has effectively promoted trade liberalization and regional economic cooperation and greatly promoted the flow of resource elements. The multi-polar development pattern of the world is gradually taking shape, emerging powers are rising in groups, the overall strength of developing countries is enhanced, and the international strategic focus is gradually moving eastward. China is located in the core area of the Asia-Pacific Economic Zone, which has a unique geographical advantage in undertaking global industrial transfer and deeply participating in the international division of labor, and has a broad space for opening up and international cooperation.

　　The continuous improvement of comprehensive national strength has laid a solid material foundation for improving the ability and level of land development. Since the reform and opening-up, China’s socialist market economic system has become increasingly sound, the economic structure has been accelerated, the infrastructure has been continuously improved, the overall level of science and education has been improved, the people’s livelihood has been continuously improved, and the endogenous motivation has been significantly enhanced. It has achieved great achievements that have attracted worldwide attention, and it has now entered the ranks of middle-income countries. In the future, China is still in an important period of strategic opportunities, with great potential, resilience and room for manoeuvre, and the overall trend of long-term economic and social development will not change.

　　The promotion of the strategic position of ecological civilization construction puts forward clear requirements for promoting the development, utilization, protection and rectification of land as a whole. For a long time, China has always adhered to the basic national policy of saving resources, protecting the environment and protecting cultivated land, and the people’s awareness of ecological civilization has been gradually enhanced, and the construction of ecological civilization has been steadily advanced. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that the construction of ecological civilization should be included in the overall layout of "five in one" in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and should be integrated into all aspects and the whole process of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the concept of "green" development. This requires cherishing every inch of land, optimizing the spatial development pattern of land, promoting resource conservation in an all-round way, strengthening the protection of natural ecosystems and environment, and strengthening the construction of system of ecological civilization.

　　The pattern of land agglomeration and development has become increasingly clear, which has established a basic framework for the orderly development of land. Since the reform and opening up, China’s population and industry have been gathering in the eastern coastal areas and big cities, which has promoted the formation of three major urban agglomerations, namely, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, and the development axes along the coast, along the river and along the main traffic lines. In recent years, around the implementation of the overall strategy of regional development and the strategy of main functional areas, the state has promulgated and implemented a series of regional plans and policies, and determined the direction and focus of optimizing the economic spatial layout; The National Plan for Major Functional Zones was formulated, the action program and long-term blueprint for scientific development of land space were defined, and the overall land use plan, mineral resources plan and marine functional zone plan were issued and implemented. The land development was arranged from different levels and angles, and the key points and basic framework of land development were initially established.

　　Section 2 Severe challenges

　　Resource constraints are increasing. First, there are obvious defects in resource endowment. China’s total resources are large and all kinds, but the per capita is small, and the overall quality is not high. The per capita possession of major resources is far below the world average. Low-grade mineral resources, and many refractory ores; In land resources, there are more difficult land to use and less suitable farmland; The spatial matching of water and soil resources is poor, and the resource-rich areas overlap with the ecologically fragile areas. The second is the rigid growth of resource demand. In the past decade, the growth rate of China’s mineral resources supply has increased by 0.5&mdash year-on-year; 1 times, 0.5&mdash higher than the world average growth rate in the same period; 1 times, the dependence on foreign countries is constantly increasing, and the domestic guarantee degree of bulk mineral resources such as oil, iron ore, copper, aluminum and potassium salt is less than 50%. The demand for construction land remains high. In 2015, the actual land supply reached 530,000 hectares. With the simultaneous development of new industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, the demand for resources will remain strong. Third, the way of resource utilization is relatively extensive. At present, the water consumption and energy consumption per unit of GDP in China are 3.3 times and 2.5 times of the world average respectively. The per capita urban industrial and mining construction land area is 149 square meters, and the per capita rural residential land area is 300 square meters, far exceeding the upper limit of national standards; The overall utilization level of mineral resources is not high. Fourth, the risk and difficulty of using foreign resources are increasing. At present, the world economy is undergoing deep adjustment, the recovery momentum is insufficient, the geopolitical influence is aggravated, and the new industrial division of labor and economic order are accelerating adjustment.Competition among countries in the fields of market, resources, talents, technology and standards has become more intense, and global issues such as energy security, food security and climate change have become more prominent. Development still faces many instabilities and uncertainties, and it is increasingly difficult for China to obtain energy resources from the international community.

　　The pressure on the ecological environment has increased. First, the environmental quality in some areas continues to decline. Among the 700 water quality monitoring sections in the top ten river basins in 2015, the proportion of water quality sections with inferior grade V was 8.9%. In Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong Peninsula and other areas, compound air pollution is serious; In central Liaoning, Chengdu-Chongqing and the west side of the Taiwan Strait, the problem of compound air pollution began to appear. The overall situation of soil environment in China is not optimistic, with heavy soil pollution in some areas, worrying soil environmental quality of cultivated land and outstanding soil environmental problems in industrial and mining wasteland. The total over-standard rate of soil points in China is 16.1%, and that of cultivated land is 19.4%. Second, the function of ecosystem is deteriorating. In some areas, the problems of forest destruction, shrinking wetlands, drying up rivers and lakes, soil erosion, land desertification and grassland degradation are prominent, biodiversity is reduced and ecological disasters are frequent. The areas of soil erosion, desertification and rocky desertification in China are 2.95 million square kilometers, 1.73 million square kilometers and 120,000 square kilometers, respectively. The area of moderately and severely degraded grasslands in China still accounts for more than one third of the total grassland area, and about 44% of the wildlife population shows a downward trend, and the proportion of wildlife species threatened is 15%— 20%。 Third, geological disasters occur in many areas and frequently. The land area with extremely unstable geological environment accounts for 4.6% and 10.1% respectively, and the safety risk of geological environment in some areas is high. Sichuan-Yunnan Mountain, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Qinling-Bashan Mountain, Central and South Gansu Mountain, etc.Sudden geological disasters such as landslides, collapses and mudslides occur frequently; In the Yangtze River Delta, North China Plain, Fenwei Basin, coastal sedimentary coast and other areas, the gradual geological disasters such as land subsidence and ground fissures are increasing. Fourth, marine ecological environment problems have become increasingly prominent. The total amount of land-based and marine pollutants discharged into the sea has increased rapidly, and the pollution in coastal waters has become more serious, especially in Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, Yangtze River Estuary, Hangzhou Bay and Pearl River Estuary. The retention rate of natural coastline is 37.6%, sandy coast is seriously eroded, coastal wetlands are decreasing, and marine ecological service function is degraded; Marine ecological disasters such as red tide and green tide occur frequently, with the average annual disaster area exceeding 14,000 square kilometers and 30,000 square kilometers respectively. Major marine pollution accidents occur from time to time.

　　The pattern of land spatial development needs to be optimized urgently. First, the economic layout is not in harmony with the distribution of population and resources. Since the reform and opening-up, industries and employed people have been concentrated in the eastern coastal areas, and the market consumption areas and resource-rich areas are out of place, resulting in long-distance transportation of energy resources and large-scale cross-regional flow of products and labor, which has increased economic operation costs, social stability and ecological environment risks. Second, the structural contradictions among towns, agriculture and ecological space are prominent. With the continuous expansion of urban and rural construction land, the space of agricultural and ecological land is squeezed, and the contradiction between urban, agricultural and ecological space is intensified; The distribution of high-quality cultivated land is highly overlapped with urbanization areas, and the pressure of cultivated land protection continues to increase, and the spatial development policy is facing difficult choices. Third, the intensity of land development in some areas does not match the carrying capacity of resources and environment. Over-exploitation and under-exploitation coexist. The intensity of land development in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta is close to or beyond the carrying capacity of resources and environment, and some areas with good natural endowments in the central and western regions still have great potential. Fourth, there is a lack of overall planning for land and sea development. The development layout of some coastal areas does not adapt to the environmental conditions of marine resources. The scale of reclamation has increased rapidly and is widely used. The coastline and inshore sea resources available for development are increasingly scarce, and the contradiction of sea use in sea-related industries is prominent, which has seriously damaged fishery resources and ecological environment.

　　Quality of land development needs to be improved. First, urbanization pays more attention to speed than quality. Since the reform and opening up, China’s urbanization process has accelerated, and the urbanization rate of permanent residents has increased from 17.9% in 1978 to about 56.1% in 2015. However, urbanization has expanded extensively and industrial support is insufficient. 2000— In 2015, the area of urban built-up areas in China increased by about 113%, much higher than the 59% increase of urban population in the same period. The carrying capacity of some cities is weakened, water and soil resources and energy are insufficient, and environmental pollution is prominent. Second, the phenomenon of low-quality isomorphism of industries is more common. Generally speaking, industrial development is still in the stage of over-reliance on scale expansion and driven by energy and resource factors, with low industrial synergy, lack of core competitiveness and low added value of products, and there is a clear gap with developed countries in terms of technical level, profitability and market influence. At the same time, industrial homogeneity between regions is serious, and some industries have serious overcapacity. Third, the problems of repeated and insufficient infrastructure construction coexist. Infrastructure construction in some areas is too advanced, idle and wasteful. Infrastructure construction in remote areas of central and western China is relatively backward, and public services and emergency support infrastructure such as health, medical care and environmental protection are lacking. Fourth, the gap between urban and rural regional development is still large. The income ratio of urban and rural residents has increased from 1.86∶1 in the mid-1980s to 2.73∶1 in 2015, and there is a significant difference between urban and rural infrastructure and public services. In 2014,The per capita GDP of the eastern region is 1.75 times, 1.79 times and 1.28 times that of the central, western and northeastern regions respectively, and the land economic density of the eastern region is 2.81 times, 18.80 times and 5.34 times that of the central, western and northeastern regions respectively. The backward development of the old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas is more prominent. By the end of 2015, there were still 56.3 million rural poverty-stricken people in China.

　　Chapter II General Requirements

　　Actively respond to the new opportunities and challenges faced by land development, focus on achieving the goal of "two hundred years" and realizing the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, strengthen top-level design and overall planning in view of the outstanding problems in land development, and scientifically determine the guiding ideology, basic principles and main objectives of land development, protection and remediation.

　　The first section guiding ideology

　　We will fully implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee, thoroughly implement the spirit of the series of important speeches by the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the new ideas, new ideas and new strategies for governing the country, conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, coordinate and promote the overall layout of the "five in one" and the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, firmly establish and implement the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, and vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization. Adhere to the balance of population, resources and environment and the unity of economic, social and ecological benefits, accelerate the transformation of land development and utilization methods, comprehensively improve the quality and efficiency of land development, implement the overall strategy of regional development, the strategy of main functional areas and the three strategies, make overall plans to promote the formation of a "trinity" overall pattern of land agglomeration development, classified protection and comprehensive improvement, strengthen the control of land space use, establish a land space development and protection system, and enhance the ability of land space governance, in order to achieve the goal of "two hundred years"

　　Section 2 Basic Principles

　　Adhere to the matching of land development with the carrying capacity of resources and environment. Establish the concept of ecological civilization of respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature, adhere to the balance of population, resources and environment, clarify the limitation and suitability of land development based on resource endowment, ecological conditions and environmental capacity, scientifically determine the scale, structure, layout and timing of land development and utilization, delimit the control boundaries of urban, agricultural and ecological space development, and guide population and industry to gather in areas with strong resource and environmental carrying capacity.

　　Adhere to the coordination of concentrated development and balanced development. Focus on agglomeration development, encourage qualified areas to take the lead in development, maximize the efficiency of factor agglomeration, and improve the radiation driving ability to surrounding areas. Give consideration to efficiency and fairness, allocate public resources as a whole, and promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. Increase support for old revolutionary base areas, ethnic areas, border areas, poverty-stricken areas and resource-based areas, and enhance self-development capabilities. Give priority to ensuring the construction space of people’s livelihood facilities and promote the equalization of basic public services.

　　Adhere to the promotion of point development and surface protection. Adhere to development in protection and protection in development, implement centralized layout and stronghold development in areas with relatively strong carrying capacity of resources and environment, fully improve the utilization efficiency of limited development space, make more space, and realize a wider and higher level of national land protection. According to the characteristics of land space in different regions, the theme of protection should be clarified, and classified protection should be implemented to promote the protection of the whole territory and effectively safeguard the national ecological security.

　　Adhere to the overall planning of land development and sea area utilization. While promoting the in-depth development of land, we should give full play to the important role of marine land as economic space, strategic channel, resource base and security barrier, expand the scope of sharing the benefits of marine economic development in inland areas, strengthen the cooperative governance of land and ocean in development orientation, industrial layout, resource development, environmental protection and disaster prevention and mitigation, build a benign and interactive land-sea integrated development pattern, improve the development capacity of marine resources, and accelerate the construction of a maritime power.

　　Adhere to the unity of saving priority and efficient utilization. We will implement the strategy of giving priority to conservation, strengthen conservation management in the whole process, improve market regulation, standard control, assessment and supervision, improve the system of intensive use of land, water and energy, greatly reduce the intensity of resource consumption, improve the efficiency and effectiveness of utilization, form a spatial pattern of resource conservation, industrial structure, production mode and consumption mode, promote the fundamental transformation of resource utilization mode, and realize green development, circular development and low-carbon development.

　　Adhere to the combination of market regulation and government regulation. Actively improve the market economic system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, give play to the decisive role of market in allocating resources to a greater extent and in a wider scope, and improve the efficiency of resource allocation and land space development. Vigorously promote the supply-side structural reform, give full play to the role of the government in the development, utilization and protection of land space, improve the control system for the use of natural resources assets, strengthen the control of land space use, comprehensively use economic, administrative and legal means, scientifically guide population mobility, urban and rural construction and industrial layout, and rationally optimize the spatial structure.

　　Section III Main Objectives

　　We will comprehensively promote the development, protection and rectification of land and accelerate the construction of a beautiful land that is safe, harmonious, open, coordinated, competitive and sustainable.

　　The pattern of land space development has been continuously optimized, and the overall competitiveness and comprehensive national strength have been significantly enhanced. By 2020, the layout of the main functional areas in the country will be basically formed and the spatial layout of the country will be optimized; By 2030, the layout of the main functional areas will be further improved, supported by key economic zones, urban agglomerations and major agricultural products producing areas, a new pattern of industrialization and urbanization with important axes as the mainstay will be basically formed, the population will be more orderly, the urban culture will be more prosperous, the all-round opening-up pattern will be gradually improved, the international competitiveness will be significantly enhanced, the intensity of land development will not exceed 4.62%, and the urban space will be controlled within 116,700 square kilometers.

　　Substantial progress has been made in the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, and the coordination of land development has been greatly improved. By 2020, a new pattern of regional coordinated development will be basically formed, the income gap between regions and between urban and rural areas will be narrowed, the level of equalization of basic public services will be steadily improved, and the quality of urbanization will be significantly improved; By 2030, the system and mechanism of urban-rural integration development will be more perfect, the equal exchange of urban and rural factors and the balanced allocation of public resources will be basically realized, the new relationship between workers and peasants and urban and rural areas will be further improved, and the equalization of basic public services will be realized as a whole.

　　A resource-saving and environment-friendly society has been basically established, and its capacity for sustainable development has been significantly enhanced. By 2020, the living environment will be gradually improved, the stability of the ecosystem will be continuously enhanced, and biodiversity will be effectively protected; By 2030, an intensive, green, low-carbon and circular resource utilization system will be basically completed, the ecological environment will be effectively protected, the level of resource conservation and intensive utilization will be significantly improved, the energy consumption and water consumption per unit of GDP will be greatly reduced, the comprehensive improvement of land will be comprehensively promoted, the production, living and ecological functions will be significantly improved, the amount of cultivated land will remain above 1.825 billion mu, 1.2 billion mu of high-standard farmland will be built, and the area for controlling soil erosion will be increased by more than 940,000 square kilometers.

　　The infrastructure system tends to be perfect, and the ability to ensure resources and the level of homeland security are constantly improving. By 2020, a transport corridor network with internal communication and external communication will be built, urban domestic sewage and garbage treatment facilities will be fully covered, water conservancy infrastructure will be more perfect, and the disaster prevention and mitigation system will be more sound; By 2030, the comprehensive transportation and information communication infrastructure system will be improved, the urban and rural water supply and flood control capabilities will be significantly enhanced, the supply of water, land, energy and mineral resources will be effectively guaranteed, the disaster prevention and mitigation system will be basically improved, and the ability to resist natural disasters will be significantly improved. The density of road and railway networks will reach 0.6 km/km2, and the total water consumption will be controlled within 700 billion cubic meters.

　　The level of marine development and protection has been significantly improved, and the goal of building a maritime power has basically been achieved. By 2020, the development space of marine economy will continue to expand, the layout of marine industry will be more reasonable, and the radiation-driven ability to coastal economy will be further enhanced, and the proportion of marine GDP to GDP will reach 9.5%; By 2030, the capacity of marine development, control and comprehensive management will be improved in an all-round way, the marine economy will continue to grow, the quality of marine ecological environment will continue to improve, the emergency response capacity of marine emergencies will be significantly enhanced, the national maritime rights and interests will be effectively safeguarded, and the proportion of marine GDP to GDP will strive to reach 14%.

　　The system of land space development and protection has been fully established, and the foundation of ecological civilization construction has become more solid. By 2020, the spatial planning system will be continuously improved, the most stringent land management system, water resources management system and environmental protection system will be implemented, the red line of ecological protection will be fully delineated, the system and mechanism of land space development, resource conservation and ecological environment protection will be improved, and the monitoring and early warning level of resource and environment carrying capacity will be improved; By 2030, the system of land space development and protection will be more perfect, and the space governance system composed of space planning, use control and differentiated performance evaluation will be more perfect, and the modernization of land space governance capacity will be basically realized.

　　Table 1 Main indicators

　　　Chapter III Strategic Pattern

　　In-depth implementation of the overall strategy of regional development, the strategy of main functional areas and the three strategies, based on the carrying capacity of resources and environment, to promote the adaptation of land agglomeration development and classified protection, based on comparative advantages, to promote regional coordinated development, and to effectively optimize the pattern of land spatial development.

　　Section 1 Efficient and standardized pattern of land development and opening up

　　Build a competitive highland with the focus on cultivating important development axes and development clusters. Adhere to intensive development and make efficient use of land space. In urbanized areas with strong carrying capacity of resources and environment, high level of agglomeration and development or great potential, efforts should be made to promote the agglomeration and development of land and guide the relatively centralized layout of population and industry. Based on the four major sectors, guided by the three major strategies, focusing on the national optimized development and key development areas, relying on major rivers and important traffic trunk lines, we will build several important axes of land development, promote the orderly flow and efficient agglomeration of production factors, focus on building the main framework of land agglomeration development, actively build a multi-center network development pattern, and enhance the efficiency and overall competitiveness of land development.

　　Building a modern industrial base based on realistic foundation and comparative advantage. According to the overall strategic deployment of national industrial development, based on the industrial development foundation and comparative advantages of various regions, we will guide the structural adjustment and layout optimization of key industries by classification and zoning, and promote the formation of an industrial pattern with reasonable division of labor, complementary advantages and coordinated development among regions. Improve the core competitiveness of industries, transform and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and expand strategic emerging industries, accelerate the development of modern service industries, cultivate a number of advanced manufacturing bases with international competitiveness, and develop modern industrial clusters. Accelerate agricultural modernization, focusing on areas with good resource conditions, complete supporting facilities and great development potential, build advantageous areas of important agricultural products, strengthen the protection of cultivated land, promote the construction of high-standard farmland, consolidate and improve the supply capacity of important agricultural products, and form a pattern of modern agricultural spatial development.

　　Promoting the all-round opening of the country by developing the marine economy and promoting the development and opening up along the coast. Promote the opening up along the coast and form a regional opening pattern with complementary advantages, division of labor and cooperation, and balance and coordination. Encourage the eastern coastal areas to fully participate in the international division of labor and actively integrate into economic globalization. Further promote the development and opening up of border areas, speed up the construction of border central cities and port cities, strengthen the interconnection of infrastructure with neighboring countries, develop characteristic industrial clusters and industrial bases facing the surrounding areas, and form a development and opening up pattern with unique geographical advantages. Coordinate the development and construction of coastal zones and islands, offshore and offshore development and utilization, enhance the marine development capacity, optimize the marine industrial structure, and improve the support level of marine economic growth to the national economy.

　　Section 2 Safe and Harmonious Ecological Environment Protection Pattern

　　Promote the protection of the whole territory by classification and grading. Based on the carrying capacity of resources and environment, comprehensively consider the ecological function, development degree and resources and environment problems in different regions, highlight the theme of key resources and environment protection, implement land protection, maintenance and restoration in a targeted manner, effectively strengthen environmental zoning governance, improve urban and rural living environment, strictly protect water and soil resources, improve the function of natural ecosystems, strengthen marine environmental protection, and promote the formation of a national land classification and classification protection pattern.

　　Construct the ecological security pattern of land, sea and land. Construction of ecological barrier in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Loess Plateau — Sichuan-Yunnan ecological barrier, northeast forest belt, sand control belt in the north, hilly and mountainous areas in the south (namely "two screens and three belts") and important river systems of major rivers are the skeleton, supported by other national key ecological function area, and the land ecological security pattern is an important part of the country’s forbidden development areas with point distribution. Coordinate marine ecological protection, development and utilization, and build a "one belt, one chain and many points" marine ecological security pattern supported by coastal zones, island chains and various protected areas.

　　Section III Regional Development Pattern of Coordination and Linkage

　　Fully implement the three strategies. We will further promote the implementation of the "Belt and Road" construction strategy, promote the interconnection of international and domestic regional economic development, and form a new situation of regional cooperation and opening up along the coast, along the river and along the border. Promote the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, orderly relieve the functions of Beijing’s non-capital, adjust the economic structure and spatial structure, explore the optimized development model of densely populated areas, and enhance the radiation-driven ability to the Bohai Rim region and the northern hinterland. Promote the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, rely on the golden waterway of the Yangtze River, give play to the radiation-driven role of the main axis of the Yangtze River, and extend to the hinterland. Guided by the three major strategies, we will actively plan a new pattern of regional development, and form a new economic growth pole and growth belt from point to line and from line to surface along major rivers and important traffic trunk lines from east to west, expanding new space for regional development, and shaping a new pattern of regional development with orderly and free flow of factors, effective constraints on main functions, equal basic public services and bearable resources and environment.

　　Promote coordinated regional development. Continue to implement the overall strategy of regional development in depth, base on the regional resources and environmental endowments, give play to comparative advantages, determine the development orientation, development priorities, protection contents and remediation tasks of different regions, improve and innovate regional policies, and improve the accuracy of regional policies. Promote the accelerated development of key areas, support the leap-forward development of old and young border poverty-stricken areas, support the transformation and development of resource-based areas, encourage the innovation and development of reform pilot areas, and promote the coordinated development of regional dislocation.

　　Promote regional integration development. Give full play to the deep connectivity of the land development axis belt, speed up the construction of comprehensive transportation corridor, strengthen the economic ties and division of labor and cooperation along the land development axis belt, and realize the free flow and optimal combination of factors among regions. Give full play to the radiation-driven role of land development agglomeration areas, promote urban development, industrial layout, resource development and utilization, ecological environment protection and infrastructure construction in the development agglomeration areas and their surrounding areas, and promote the process of regional integration development.

　　Chapter IV Agglomeration Development

　　In accordance with the requirements of regional coordinated development and the orientation of the main functions, we should comprehensively use the means of land space use control, resource allocation, environmental access and major infrastructure construction to guide the orderly agglomeration of population and industry, build a spatial pattern of land agglomeration and development with moderate concentration, complementary advantages, intensive and efficient, and overall planning of land and sea, so as to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of land.

　　The first section to build a multi-center network development pattern

　　Promote the construction of land development clusters. Promote the coordinated development of optimized development areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, focus on optimizing population distribution, industrial structure and urban layout, change the way of land space development and utilization, promote the intensive and compact development of cities and towns, improve the efficiency of land development, and participate in international cooperation and competition extensively and deeply. Accelerate the upgrading of the level of agglomeration development and radiation-driven capacity of key development areas such as the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Chengdu-Chongqing, increase the intensity of undertaking industrial transfer, moderately expand urban capacity, close the links between urban agglomerations, and give full play to the leading role in the rise of the central region and the implementation of the strategy of developing the western region. Enlarge Hachang area, central and southern Liaoning area, central and southern Hebei area, Shandong Peninsula area, East Longhai area, west coast of the Taiwan Strait, Beibu Gulf area, central Shanxi urban agglomeration, Central Plains area, Jianghuai area, central Guizhou area, central Yunnan area, Hubao Eyu area, Ningxia along the Yellow River area and Guanzhong area — Tianshui area, Lanzhou — The construction of Xining area, the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain, central and southern Tibet and other areas will be intensified, infrastructure construction and environmental protection will be strengthened, new industrialization will be actively promoted, population and industrial agglomeration capacity will be improved, and regional economic centers with important influence will be built to accelerate the development of surrounding areas.

　　Actively cultivate the axis of land development. Relying on the main traffic trunk lines and comprehensive transportation networks, we will focus on promoting the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, focusing on the development of "two horizontal and three vertical" axial belts, promoting the development of land agglomeration, guiding the orderly and free flow and efficient agglomeration of production factors to traffic trunk lines and connecting channels, and promoting the efficient allocation of resources and the deep integration of the market. Enhancing the function of the coastal axis belt connecting the vanguard and main force of the 21st century Maritime Silk Road construction has become an important economic axis belt for China to implement the land-sea overall planning strategy, comprehensively deepen reform and opening up. Further develop Jingha — The Beijing-Guangzhou axis belt plays an important role in promoting the interaction between the north and the south and the integration of the east and the west in the national regional development; Building the Beijing-Kowloon axis belt will become an important economic belt to promote the rise of central China and the development of industrial gradient. Promote the development of Bao-Kun axis belt, give play to the role of the most important north-south development axis belt in western China, and build it into an important strategic channel for China to open to the southwest and close ties with the western region. Building Longhai — The Lanzhou-Xinjiang axis belt forms an important strategic channel for China to open to the west and close the links between the northwest and the east. Make the Yangtze River Economic Axis Belt into an inland river economic belt with global influence, and fully play an important role in promoting the interactive cooperation between China’s East, West and China and the comprehensive opening of coastal areas along the Yangtze River; Build the Shanghai-Kunming axis belt and create an important channel for smooth communication between the southeast and southwest regions. Play that role of Jinglan axis belt as an important development axis belt in the east-west direction in northern China,Further smooth the economic ties between North China and Northwest China. According to the basic conditions of different development axes and the economic and social development level of the connecting areas, we should make clear the strategic positioning and development priorities, strengthen the economic ties and division of labor and cooperation between the agglomeration areas on the axes, promote the population and industrial agglomeration, and enhance the agglomeration efficiency of the axes. Focus on cultivating the east-west development axis belt, promote the focus of land development from coastal areas to inland areas, and accelerate the narrowing of regional gaps. Accelerate the construction of the Pilot Free Trade Zone and port areas and form an important node for the construction of the "Belt and Road". By 2030, the strategic pattern of urbanization will be further improved, the development and agglomeration capacity of important axes will be greatly improved, and a new pattern of multi-center network-based land space development will basically take shape.

　　Section 2 Promoting the Development of New Urbanization

　　Promote the coordinated development of various towns. Relying on the development axis belt and development agglomeration area, and taking urban agglomeration as the main form, we will promote the rational division of labor, complementary functions and coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns. Encourage the rational layout of cities and towns according to local conditions, and avoid disorderly spread and occupation of high-quality cultivated land such as high-standard farmland. Give full play to the comprehensive functions of mega-cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou to serve the whole country and face the world, improve international influence and competitiveness, and lead the national economic development; Improve the organization ability of economic and social activities in big cities, strengthen regional service functions, and promote the development of surrounding areas; Accelerate the development of small and medium-sized cities, strengthen industrial functions, service functions and residential functions, improve the construction level of municipal infrastructure and public service facilities, and improve the ability to gather population and serve the surrounding areas; Focus on the development of small towns with superior location, great potential and charm, promote the development of county economy, play a role as a link between urban and rural areas, and cultivate small towns with professional characteristics such as agricultural product processing, trade and logistics. Establish a mechanism linking the increase in the scale of urban construction land with the absorption of the number of agricultural transfer population, scientifically set the development intensity and delimit the urban development boundary.

　　Classification guides the development of urbanization. Improve the quality of urbanization in optimized development areas, build Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and other areas into urban agglomerations with world influence, give priority to revitalizing existing land, strictly control new construction land, coordinate the above-ground and underground space, and guide the population of central cities to transfer to surrounding areas in an orderly manner. Cultivate and develop urban agglomerations in the central and western regions, develop and expand urban agglomerations in Northeast China, Central Plains, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu-Chongqing area and Guanzhong Plain, appropriately expand the supply of construction land, improve the utilization intensity of existing construction land, improve infrastructure and public services, accelerate population and industrial agglomeration, and create an important growth pole to promote the balanced development of land space and lead regional economic development. Steadily and orderly promote the development of urbanization in major agricultural products producing areas, coordinate urban expansion and the layout of advantageous areas of important agricultural products, strengthen the protection of agricultural land, especially cultivated land, implement point development and surface protection, and promote the concentration of population in cities and key small towns; Improve the public service facilities in counties and towns, improve the public service and residential functions of small towns, and promote the full integration of agricultural transfer population into cities and towns. Guide the urbanization development of key ecological functional areas, implement intensive development and centralized construction based on the existing urban layout, and guide ecological immigrants to concentrate in small and medium-sized cities and key small towns step by step.

　　Optimize the urban spatial structure. According to the general requirements of promoting intensive and efficient production space, moderate livable living space and beautiful ecological space, we will adjust and optimize the urban spatial structure and strive to build a harmonious, livable, dynamic and distinctive city. Control the production space, reduce the proportion of industrial land and improve the input-output benefit of industrial land; Appropriately increase living space, reasonably guarantee the residential land of permanent urban population and improve the quality of life of urban residents; Strictly protect and expand urban open green space, build ecological corridors such as cultivated land, forest and grass, water system and green belt, give full play to the ecological supporting role of cultivated land, especially basic farmland, in optimizing the structure of urban and industrial land, protect land such as humanities and natural cultural heritage, promote the construction of sponge city, promote the improvement of urban ecological environment, and vigorously promote green urbanization.

　　Promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas. Comprehensively coordinate urban and rural planning, infrastructure construction, public services, industrial development, ecological environment protection and social management, accelerate the improvement of institutional mechanisms, and promote the free flow of urban and rural production factors, the free migration of urban and rural residents, and the balanced allocation of urban and rural public resources. Cultivate and develop a vibrant, characteristic and professional county economy, and enhance the ability to undertake urban function transfer and radiation-driven rural development. We will organically combine the integrated development of rural industries with the construction of new urbanization, and guide rural secondary and tertiary industries to concentrate in county towns, key towns and industrial parks. We will further promote the construction of new countryside, focus on promoting the integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries, encourage large-scale operation, vigorously promote infrastructure construction, comprehensively strengthen the construction of farmland water conservancy and rural drinking water safety projects, promote the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas, moderately move villages and merge sites on the basis of respecting farmers’ wishes, optimize the layout of rural residential areas, accelerate the renovation of dilapidated houses in rural areas and state-owned forest areas (fields), reclamation areas and shanty towns, and implement nomadic settlement projects.

　　Section III Optimizing the Development Layout of Modern Industries

　　Optimize the layout of modern agricultural production. Further consolidate the basic position of agriculture, vigorously develop regional advantageous agriculture on the premise of ensuring the basic self-sufficiency of grain and the absolute safety of rations, basically form a modern agricultural production structure and regional layout that is compatible with market demand and resource endowment, ensure the production space of agricultural products, steadily improve the production capacity of regional advantageous agricultural products, and comprehensively improve the level of agricultural modernization.

　　Vigorously build major grain producing areas. Comprehensively improve the comprehensive production capacity of major grain producing areas. Optimize and upgrade the main grain producing areas in Northeast China, and build advantageous industrial belts of rice, corn and soybean. Strengthen the construction of production capacity in the main grain producing areas in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, and form an advantageous area for large-scale production of high-quality wheat, special corn and high-protein soybeans. Consolidate the production scale of the main grain producing areas in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, based on the good agricultural production conditions and abundant cultivated land resources in the middle reaches, promote the construction of double-cropping rice, indica rice to japonica rice and high-quality special wheat production areas, strengthen the food supply guarantee capacity, and create a characteristic grain production core area. Develop the main grain producing areas in northwest China and comprehensively improve the production scale and quality of high-quality wheat, corn and potatoes. Build the main grain producing areas in southwest China, focusing on the cultivation of rice, wheat, corn and potatoes. We will strengthen the construction and protection of grain industrial belts in the southeast coast and South China, and steadily increase the output scale of high-quality double-cropping rice and potatoes. Taking the main grain producing areas as the core, we will implement actions to protect and improve the quality of cultivated land, strictly observe the red line of cultivated land, improve the quality of cultivated land, and ensure the basic self-sufficiency of grain and the absolute safety of rations. Give priority to supporting the development of agricultural products processing industry in major grain producing areas, promote local transformation of grain, and enhance comprehensive agricultural production capacity.

　　Focus on building a dominant area for non-grain crops. Reasonably determine the scale and layout of planting land for non-grain crops, coordinate the relationship with planting land for major grain crops, and steadily develop demonstration bases for standardized, improved-variety, industrialized and mechanized production. Efforts will be made to stabilize the cotton planting area, vigorously develop the production of oilseed crops such as rape, promote the construction of sugar production bases such as sugarcane, develop high-yield and fast-growing natural rubber planting, and improve the competitiveness of industrial bases of superior fruits such as apples and oranges. With the central and eastern Inner Mongolia, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Yangtze River Delta, Loess Plateau, Southwest China, Northwest China, South China and Southeast Coast as the main body, we will build non-grain crop advantage areas.

　　Consolidate and upgrade the dominant areas of animal husbandry products. Take Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, South China, Northwest China, Southwest China, Huanghuaihai Plain and the Yangtze River Basin as the main body to build superior areas of livestock products. Improve the comprehensive supply capacity and production efficiency, optimize the structure of leading products, and improve the commodity rate of advantageous producing areas. Guide the production of live pigs and poultry to the main grain producing areas, and encourage the production of live pigs and poultry in the western region. With pastoral areas and semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas, Northeast China, Central Plains, and grassland areas in the south as the main body, we will build superior areas for beef cattle and mutton sheep production and breeding. Actively develop modern grassland animal husbandry, adjust regional breeding layout according to environmental capacity, and coordinate the relationship between animal husbandry development and grassland protection in arid and semi-arid grassland areas in the north, Qinghai-Tibet alpine grassland areas, humid and semi-humid grassland areas in northeast China and southern grassland areas. Optimize the structure of livestock and poultry breeding, develop herbivorous animal husbandry, and form an industrial development pattern dominated by large-scale production and intensive management. Give full play to the advantages of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and vigorously develop characteristic ecological agriculture represented by herbivorous animal husbandry. Strictly protect grassland resources, and the total grassland area of eight major pastoral provinces (regions) in China remains above 300 million hectares.

　　Accelerate the cultivation of superior areas of aquatic products. With the southeast coast, the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as the center, give full play to the advantages of regional water resources and water environment, and build an aquatic product advantage area with obvious product advantages, large industrial scale and remarkable international competitiveness. Strengthen the protection of important fishery waters and aquaculture waters, and strengthen the construction of national aquatic germplasm conservation zone. Strengthen the construction and maintenance of mariculture areas. Coordinate the sea for aquaculture, tourism, ecology and other sea spaces, strictly protect the sea and land for mariculture, and ensure the demand for sea for fishermen’s production and life and modern fishery development. By 2030, the area of sea functional areas for mariculture will be no less than 2.6 million hectares. Strengthen the protection and construction of traditional dominant fishing grounds and control the intensity of offshore fishing. Promote the restoration of fishery resources in traditional fishing grounds and strengthen the construction of marine pastures.

　　Adjust the layout of key industries. Adhere to the road of new industrialization with China characteristics, give full play to the important supporting role of industry in national economic development, actively optimize industrial layout, transform and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and expand strategic emerging industries, strengthen industrial basic capabilities, and build a number of intelligent, green and low-carbon advanced manufacturing bases with international competitiveness.

　　Focus on building coal and power bases. According to the general arrangement of "controlling the east, stabilizing the middle and developing the west", the development pattern of coal industry is determined based on factors such as resource endowment, market location, environmental capacity and water resources carrying capacity. We will increase the overall coordination of resource development and ecological environment protection in the central and western regions, promote the construction of coal bases in northern Shaanxi, Huanglong, Shendong, Mengdong, Ningdong, Jinbei, Jinzhong, Jindong, Yunnan-Guizhou and Xinjiang in an orderly manner, and build and form a number of large coal-fired power bases. To develop a green hydropower industrial belt, on the premise of ecological environment protection and resettlement, we will actively and orderly promote the construction of large hydropower bases, focusing on rivers such as Jinsha River, Yalong River, Dadu River and Lancang River in southwest China. On the premise of ensuring safety, we will steadily promote the construction of nuclear power plants. We will build large-scale wind power and solar power projects in North China, Northeast China and Northwest China in an orderly manner, and accelerate the large-scale development of offshore wind power.

　　Promote the development of petrochemical and coal conversion industrial bases. Give full play to regional comparative advantages and guide the centralized layout, adjustment and upgrading of industries. In the eastern coastal areas, make full use of domestic and foreign resources to build a world-class petrochemical industrial base; The central and western regions, fully relying on the advantages of resources, steadily develop the petrochemical industry. In the provinces with good water resources and ecological environment, we will carry out clean and efficient coal conversion demonstration, and plan to build a coal conversion industrial base on the premise that resources and environment can carry it. Promote shale gas exploration and development in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

　　Optimize the layout of iron and steel industrial bases. Adjust the layout of the eastern coastal steel bases, accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity, reduce the adjustment, improve the added value of the industry, and promote the construction of fine steel bases. Promote the structural adjustment and upgrading of the iron and steel industry in the central region, and guide the industry to concentrate along the river or resources. Give full play to the advantages of the western region along the border, and actively carry out foreign cooperation in combination with the "Belt and Road" infrastructure interconnection and international capacity cooperation.

　　Build nonferrous metal industrial base in an orderly manner. Give full play to the advantages of resources and moderately build a deep processing base for non-ferrous metals in the central and western regions. Using imported copper, nickel and other raw materials, we will rationally lay out and build non-ferrous metal bases in coastal areas. Strengthen the protection of rare earth resources, rationally control the scale of development and utilization, and promote the orderly development of new materials and application industries.

　　Gather and develop equipment manufacturing base. Focus on improving the innovation ability and basic ability of manufacturing industry, promote the deep integration of information technology and manufacturing technology, and cultivate new advantages of manufacturing industry. Encourage the eastern and northeastern regions to focus on the development of high-end equipment and high-level basic parts industries, increase research and development efforts, enhance the ability of independent innovation, and focus on building comprehensive major equipment industrial bases with international competitiveness in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, central and southern Liaoning, Harbin and Changsha. Promote the development of construction machinery, heavy mining equipment, rail transit, agricultural machinery and power transmission and transformation equipment in the central region, promote the industrial optimization and upgrading in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Jinzhong and Wanjiang, and form a production base of equipment manufacturing industry with regional competitive advantages. Support key western regions such as Chengdu-Chongqing, Hubao-Eyu, Central Guizhou and Beibu Gulf, make full use of the existing industrial base, undertake industrial transfer in an orderly manner, and form a comprehensive supporting base for equipment manufacturing.

　　Actively cultivate strategic emerging industrial clusters. Strengthen the forward-looking layout, promote the deep integration of technology and industry, accelerate the cultivation and growth of strategic emerging industries such as energy conservation and environmental protection, new generation information and communication technology, biology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, new materials, new energy vehicles and digital creativity, and gradually build a number of emerging leading industries. Guide the rational distribution of industries, realize regional dislocation and complementary development, and avoid homogenization. Relying on the existing advantageous industrial clusters, we will cultivate and form a number of strategic emerging industrial clusters with strong innovation ability and high degree of agglomeration.

　　Cultivate modern service industry agglomeration development area. Give full play to the role of modern service industry in the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, and promote the extension of producer service industry to specialization and high-end value chain, and the transformation of life service industry to refinement and high quality. Actively cultivate modern service centers and domestic trade centers, focus on developing new formats such as eco-tourism industry, and constantly improve the development level and comprehensive competitiveness of the service industry. Promote the deep integration of information technology and industrial development, drive the transformation of production mode and organization mode, and form a new form of networked, intelligent, service-oriented and collaborative industrial development.

　　Accelerate the construction of a modern service center. With Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta as the core, we will build a modern service center serving the whole country and facing the world, and vigorously develop high-tech service industries and modern service industries such as finance, design, cultural creativity, scientific and technological services, consulting, software information services, service outsourcing, business exhibitions and international shipping. Give full play to the industrial advantages of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu-Chongqing, Guanzhong, central and southern Liaoning, Shandong Peninsula and Central Plains, and form a regional modern service center. Support the construction of productive service industry and life service industry cluster, accelerate the development of health care, education and training, culture and entertainment, physical fitness and other industries, and promote large and medium-sized cities to form an industrial structure based on service economy as soon as possible. We will continue to carry out pilot projects for comprehensive reform of the national service industry and promote the construction of a national service industry development demonstration zone.

　　Promote the orderly development of logistics and trade centers. Accelerate the construction of key logistics areas and China Unicom’s international and domestic logistics channels, focusing on building strategic logistics hubs for Central Asia, South Asia and West Asia, and land-sea combined transport, river-sea combined transport nodes and important airports for ASEAN. Building Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Middle Yangtze River, Chengdu-Chongqing and Guanzhong — Tianshui, Zhongyuan, Harbin and other important commercial functional areas, optimize the layout of circulation node cities. Support the construction of international trade and logistics centers in border areas and rationally arrange regional logistics centers. Planning and construction of service trade functional zones, and carrying out pilot projects for innovative development of service trade in areas where conditions permit. Relying on various existing development zones and free trade pilot zones, we plan to build a number of export bases with special services.

　　Promote the healthy development of eco-tourism industry. Make full use of various forms and functions of land space, adjust measures to local conditions, highlight characteristics and develop eco-tourism industry. Inner Mongolia grassland, northeast forest region, Sanjiangyuan, Shangri-La, Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, Wuyishan District, Wuling Mountain area, along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Hainan Island and other regions, give full play to the advantages of characteristic resources, and develop tourism, vacation, special tourism and other industries on the premise of protecting natural ecology. Encourage the use of abandoned mines and remote islands to develop tourism projects.

　　Chapter V Classified Protection

　　Adhere to the principle of giving priority to protection and giving priority to natural restoration, take improving environmental quality as the core, comprehensively apply regulatory, incentive and constructive measures according to the control requirements of land development intensity in different regions, promote the protection of the whole territory by classification, safeguard the national ecological security and the safety of water and soil resources, and improve the level of ecological civilization construction.

　　The first section constructs the "five categories and three levels" national territory protection pattern.

　　Based on the evaluation of resources and environmental carrying capacity, according to the main function orientation, according to the five major types of resources and environmental themes of environmental quality, human settlement ecology, natural ecology, water resources and cultivated land resources, the land is divided into 16 types of protected areas, and the global classified protection is implemented.

　　Implement global classified protection according to the theme of resources and environment. For the development gathering areas with high development intensity and prominent environmental problems, the protection of the environmental quality of atmosphere, water and soil should be implemented; For other development and agglomeration areas with obvious population and industrial agglomeration trends and gradually emerging human settlement ecological environment problems, the protection with the theme of human settlement ecology should be implemented; For key ecological functional areas, the protection with the theme of natural ecology should be implemented; In areas where the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is more prominent, water resources should be protected as the theme; In areas where high-quality cultivated land is concentrated, the protection of cultivated land resources will be implemented.

　　Table 2 Land classification and classification protection

　　According to the development intensity, the land classification protection will be implemented. For the optimized development areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, the ecological environment of human settlements should be restored, optimized development and strengthened governance to fundamentally curb the deterioration trend of human settlements; Implement restoration and maintenance of key development areas, develop in an orderly manner, and improve the ecological environment of human settlements; We will protect the ecological environment in key ecological functional areas and major agricultural products producing areas, restrict development, and consolidate and improve the ecological service function and agricultural products supply capacity.

　　Section 2 Promoting the Protection of Human Settlements and Ecological Environment

　　Repair the human settlement ecological environment in three optimized development areas. Focusing on the comprehensive management of the atmosphere, water and soil environment, we will repair the ecological environment of human settlements in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta region and the Pearl River Delta region and optimize the ecological pattern of human settlements.

　　Strictly limit the construction of high-pollution projects. Eliminate backward production capacity in steel, cement, chemical industry, nonferrous metals and other industries according to law, and effectively control regional compound air pollution. Strictly control the construction of new projects that simply expand production capacity in industries such as papermaking, printing and dyeing, tanning, pesticides and nitrogen fertilizer, strengthen the pollution control of water bodies in Beijing section of Haihe River North and Tianjin section of Haihe River South and key rivers and lakes such as Taihu Lake, strengthen the comprehensive improvement of small watersheds entering the sea and the pollution prevention and control of coastal waters, and reduce the discharge of land-based pollutants in the Yangtze River estuary, Hangzhou Bay and Pearl River estuary. Strengthen the control of heavy metal pollution in soil, promote the technological upgrading of non-ferrous metal smelting, leather, electroplating, lead-acid batteries and other industries, and reduce pollution emissions. Restrict the development of high water consumption industries in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, promote water-saving technological transformation, improve the recycling rate of industrial water, implement the policy of prohibiting and restricting groundwater exploitation in groundwater funnel areas and seawater intrusion areas, and strengthen the prevention and control of groundwater pollution.

　　Focus on the restoration and protection of urban ecological land, strengthen the construction of urban garden green space system. Strengthen the connection between urban and rural ecosystems by planning and building structural green spaces such as green centers, green wedges, green belts and green corridors. Taking Taihang Mountain, Yanshan Mountain, Daqing River, Yongding River, Chaobai River, coastal wetland and other ecological corridors as the main body, the ecological pattern of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is constructed; Take the Yangtze River, Qiantang River, Taihu Lake, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, Yili Mountain and Tianmu Mountain — Siming mountain and coastal ecological corridor as the main body to construct the ecological pattern of the Yangtze River Delta; The ecological pattern of the Pearl River Delta region is constructed with hilly areas in northern Guangdong, coastal island wetlands and the Pearl River system as the main bodies.

　　Maintain the ecological environment of human settlements in key development areas. In areas such as central and southern Liaoning and Harbin-Changzhou, the northeast forest belt will play the role of ecological security barrier, strengthen the protection of water sources, forest resources and biodiversity, gradually restore wetlands in Songnen Plain, and promote pollution prevention in Songhua River, Nenjiang River and Liaohe River basins and coastal waters. Central and South Hebei, Jinzhong, Central Plains and other regions will promote the prevention and control of regional air pollution. In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Wanjiang area, the ecological construction and protection of Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Han River, Xiangjiang River and Chaohu Lake will be strengthened, the wetland space of lakes will be expanded, the self-purification function of lakes will be enhanced, and soil heavy metal pollution and non-point source pollution will be prevented. In Chengdu-Chongqing area, we will strengthen the prevention and control of soil erosion in the Yangtze River, Jialing River, Minjiang River, Tuojiang River and Fujiang River basins, and strengthen the control of water pollution, the restoration of aquatic biological resources and the prevention and control of geological disasters. Hubao Eyu, Ningxia along the Yellow River and Guanzhong — Tianshui and Lanzhou — Xining, the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain and other areas, strictly limit the development of high-water consumption industries, improve the utilization level of water resources, and control soot-type air pollution during heating period. In central Guizhou, we will strengthen the control of rocky desertification, the prevention and control of geological disasters and the construction of shelterbelts for large rivers and rivers, and build ecological barriers in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River. In central Yunnan, we will promote the comprehensive prevention and control of water pollution in plateau lakes with Dianchi as the focus, and strengthen the prevention and control of acid rain pollution. In central and southern Tibet, we will strengthen the protection of cultivated land and grassland and increase the intensity of soil and water conservation.

　　Improve the ecological environment of rural human settlements. Strict environmental access for industrial projects to prevent urban and industrial pollution from transferring to rural areas. Strengthen the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, increase the prevention and control of pollution in breeding industry, especially large-scale livestock and poultry breeding, and maintain the quality and safety of drinking water sources and soil. Vigorously promote soil testing and formula fertilization, scientifically apply chemical fertilizers and pesticides, achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and promote the development of ecological agriculture and organic agriculture. Comprehensively promote rural garbage treatment, speed up rural domestic sewage treatment and toilet improvement, promote energy-saving and environment-friendly stoves, and improve the living environment of rural residents. Strengthen the protection and design of the overall style of the village, pay attention to preserving the local traditional culture, and effectively protect the natural and cultural landscape and ecological environment.

　　Section III Strengthening Natural Ecological Protection

　　Delineate and strictly observe the red line of ecological protection. Relying on the land ecological security pattern with "two screens and three belts" as the main body and the marine ecological security pattern with "one belt, one chain and many points", the important areas with ecological functions such as water conservation, biodiversity conservation, soil and water conservation, wind prevention and sand fixation, as well as sensitive and fragile areas with ecological environment are spatially superimposed and included in the ecological protection red line, covering all national and provincial forbidden development areas and other types of protected areas that need strict protection. In principle, the red line of ecological protection shall be managed according to the requirements of prohibited development areas, and all kinds of development activities that do not conform to the main function orientation are strictly prohibited, and any change of use is strictly prohibited, so as to ensure that the function, area and nature of the red line of ecological protection will not be reduced and the national ecological security will be guaranteed.

　　Strengthen the protection of key ecological functional areas. National key ecological function area, which has the functions of water conservation, wind and sand fixation, soil and water conservation and biodiversity conservation, takes the protection and restoration of the ecological environment and the provision of ecological products as its primary tasks, compiles and implements a negative list of industrial access, develops industries that do not affect the orientation of main functions according to local conditions, restricts large-scale industrialization and urbanization development, and guides the gradual and orderly transfer of overloaded population. We will implement stricter standards for access to regional industrial environment, and raise the ecological environment access threshold for urbanization, industrialization and resource development in various key ecological functional zones. Efforts will be made to build national key ecological function area, further strengthen ecological protection in densely populated areas in the central and eastern regions, and expand the coverage of key ecological functional areas.

　　Improve the supply capacity of ecological products in key ecological functional areas. Great and small Xing ‘an Mountains, Changbai Mountain, Altai Mountain, Three Rivers Source Area, Zoige Grassland, Gannan Area, Qilian Mountain, Nanling Mountain, eastern Tibet, western Sichuan and other water conservation ecological functional areas, strengthen planting trees and grass, and maintain or rebuild wetlands, forests, grasslands and other ecosystems. In the ecological functional areas of wind-proof and sand-fixing such as Tarim River Basin, Altun Grassland, Hulunbeier Grassland, Horqin Grassland, Hunshandake Sandy Land and the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain, we will increase the intensity of returning grazing to grassland, carry out grazing prohibition and rotational grazing, and restore grassland vegetation. Conditionally convert basic farmland in steep slope farmland above 25 degrees into non-basic farmland. Soil and water conservation ecological functional areas such as the Loess Plateau, Manchuan Mangang area in Northeast China, Dabie Mountain area, karst area in Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan, Three Gorges reservoir area and Danjiangkou reservoir area, etc., strengthen the comprehensive control of soil erosion, prohibit steep slope reclamation and overgrazing, and pay attention to natural restoration and vegetation restoration. Sichuan-Yunnan mountain area, Qinling-Bashan mountain area, edge area of southeast Tibetan plateau, Qiangtang plateau in northwest Tibet, Sanjiang plain, Wuling mountain area, central mountainous area of Hainan Island and other biodiversity ecological functional areas, strengthen the construction of nature reserves, and strictly prevent the development and construction from damaging the habitats of important species and their natural ecosystems.

　　Promote the protection of other natural ecological areas. Stabilize the number of natural forests and grasslands in Nanling area, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the southern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, reduce the intensity of human disturbance, limit high-intensity development and construction, and restore vegetation. Strengthen the protection of ecologically fragile areas such as Lop Nur, Taklimakan Desert, Gurbantunggut Desert, Tengger Desert, Altun Grassland, Northern Tibet Plateau and Hengduan Mountain Area, promote the prevention and control of desertification, and promote the self-recovery of ecosystems in desert, Gobi and cold and oxygen-deficient areas.

　　Establish a system of biological resources protection sites. With nature reserves as the main body, supplemented by germplasm conservation zone, game reserves, logging bans and original habitat protection communities (spots), a space system for in-situ protection of important biological resources will be established to strengthen biodiversity protection. Build an ex-situ conservation system and scientifically and reasonably carry out ex-situ conservation of species. Strengthen the preservation of germplasm resources and establish and improve the preservation system of biological genetic resources. Establish monitoring, early warning and risk management mechanisms for alien invasive species, and strengthen the safety management of alien invasive species and genetically modified organisms.

　　Table 3 Protection of Biological Resources in Key Areas

　　　Section IV Strict Protection of Water Resources and Cultivated Land Resources

　　Strengthen the protection of water resources. Strictly protect and speed up the restoration of water ecosystem, strengthen the protection of water conservation areas, river source areas and wetlands, carry out the prevention and control of endogenous pollution, and promote the ecological restoration of ecologically fragile rivers and regions. Scientifically formulate land pollutant emission reduction plans, promote water quality standards in water functional areas, delimit drinking water source protection areas according to law, carry out the construction of safety guarantee system for important drinking water sources, and strengthen emergency management of drinking water sources. By 2020, the raw water quality of urban water supply sources will basically meet the standards. Strictly manage the occupation of rivers and lakes to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources in water-deficient areas. In northwest water-deficient areas, rationally arrange water for agriculture, animal husbandry, industry and urban life, accelerate the transformation of agricultural water use mode, reasonably determine the scale of land development according to the carrying capacity of water resources, strictly limit the development of high-water-consuming industries and service industries, and strictly prohibit the crowding out of ecological water; In southwest water-deficient areas, speed up the construction of water source projects and improve the ability of urban and rural water supply security; In the water-deficient areas of North China, we should optimize the allocation of water resources, adjust the agricultural planting structure, implement water-saving and underground hydraulic mining, and limit the development of high-water-consuming industries.

　　Strengthen the protection of cultivated land resources. Strictly observe the red line of cultivated land protection, and adhere to equal emphasis on the quality, quantity and ecology of cultivated land. Strictly control the occupation of cultivated land by non-agricultural construction, strengthen the guidance of agricultural planting structure adjustment, intensify the reclamation of cultivated land damaged by production construction and natural disasters, moderately develop the reserve resources of cultivated land, delimit permanent basic farmland and strictly protect it. In 2020 and 2030, the amount of cultivated land in China will not be less than 1.865 billion mu (124 million hectares) and 1.825 billion mu (122 million hectares) respectively, and the protected area of permanent basic farmland will not be less than 1.546 billion hectares. We will carry out actions to protect and improve the quality of cultivated land, carry out farmland rotation and fallow in an orderly manner, intensify the improvement and restoration of degraded, polluted and damaged farmland, and protect and improve farmland ecosystems. Strengthen conservation tillage in northern dry fields, improve the quality of acidified soil in southern hilly areas, give priority to protecting and improving farmland soil environment, strengthen the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in agricultural products producing areas, and ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products. Establish and improve the incentive protection mechanism of cultivated land, increase financial and policy support, and reward the subjects who implement the obligation of cultivated land protection. Strengthen the protection of high-quality cultivated land, strengthen the conservation of black farmland in Liaohe Plain, Sanjiang Plain and Songnen Plain, strengthen the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in Huanghuaihai Plain, Guanzhong Plain and Hetao Plain, and strengthen the protection of cultivated land in Jianghan Plain, Dongting Lake Plain, Poyang Lake Plain, Sichuan Basin and other regional plains and dam areas.Promote the construction of stable and high-yield commodity grain, cotton and oil bases.

　　Section 5 Strengthening the Protection of Marine Ecological Environment

　　Construct a pattern of marine ecological security. Coordinate the protection, development and utilization of marine ecology, gradually establish a protected area system with comprehensive types, reasonable layout and perfect functions, strictly limit the sea use activities that interfere with the protected objects in the protected areas, restore and improve the marine ecological environment, strengthen the construction of coastal ecological zones with coastal mangroves, coral reefs, seagrass beds and wetlands as the main bodies, and protect marine biodiversity. It is forbidden to carry out reclamation in key bays and other areas according to law. Strictly control the development and utilization of coastline and strengthen the protection of natural coastline. By 2030, the retention rate of natural coastline will not be less than 35%.

　　Strengthen the protection of marine environment. Adhere to the principle of land and sea planning and river and sea planning, focus on the prevention and control of land sources, strengthen the comprehensive improvement of key estuaries and bays, gradually implement the prevention and control of total nitrogen pollution in coastal cities and rivers entering the sea, strengthen the supervision of sewage outlets entering the sea, actively control ship pollution, enhance the pollution prevention and control capacity of ports and docks, promote the prevention and control of aquaculture pollution, strictly control the dumping of wastes at sea, strengthen the comprehensive improvement and ecological protection and restoration of islands, improve the environmental supervision, environmental risk prevention and emergency response capabilities of coastal waters, and establish land and sea planning and regional.

　　Chapter VI Comprehensive Improvement

　　Build a working mechanism of government-led, social coordination and public participation, increase investment, improve the diversified investment mechanism, implement major comprehensive improvement projects, restore the functions of the land, enhance the matching degree between land development and utilization and the carrying capacity of resources and environment, and improve the efficiency and quality of land development and utilization.

　　Section 1 Promote the formation of a comprehensive land improvement pattern of "four districts and one belt"

　　Accelerate the comprehensive improvement of land in different regions. We will focus on major urbanized areas, rural areas, key ecological function areas, mineral resources development concentrated areas, coastal areas (that is, "four areas and one belt") and island areas to carry out comprehensive land improvement. Carry out the redevelopment of urban inefficient land use and comprehensive improvement of human settlements, optimize the urban-rural pattern, promote the conservation and intensive land use, and improve the human settlements; In rural areas, we will implement comprehensive improvement of Tianshui Road and forest villages and high-standard farmland construction projects to improve the quality of cultivated land, continuously promote the governance of rural human settlements and improve rural production and living conditions; In key ecological functional areas with fragile ecology and serious degradation, natural restoration should be given priority to, enclosure should be strengthened, ecological restoration projects should be implemented moderately, ecosystem functions should be restored, and the production capacity of ecological products should be enhanced; In the concentrated areas of mineral resources development, we will strengthen the management and restoration of mine environment, build green mines, and carry out reclamation and utilization of industrial and mining wasteland; Repair damaged ecosystems in coastal areas and island areas to improve environmental quality and ecological value.

　　Section II Comprehensive Improvement of Urbanization Areas

　　Promote the redevelopment of inefficient construction land. Adhere to overall planning, clear property rights, benefit sharing and standardized operation, focusing on the transformation of shanty towns and villages in cities and the relocation and transformation of old industrial areas in urban areas, and actively and steadily promote the redevelopment of inefficient construction land. Adhere to the combination of centralized transformation, local transformation and reconstruction along the street, promote the intensive use of urban construction land, ensure the safety of human settlements, and ensure the harmless reuse of urban polluted sites; Dispose of idle land according to law, encourage the revitalization of inefficient land, and promote the upgrading and intensive use of industrial land; Focusing on the surrounding areas of large and medium-sized cities, we will carry out the transformation of villages in cities by classification, improve production and living conditions, and increase the effective supply of construction land. Strictly protect traditional buildings with historical, cultural and landscape values and maintain urban and rural characteristics.

　　Strengthen the comprehensive management of urban environment. We will promote the comprehensive control of urban air, water and soil pollution, and improve environmental protection infrastructure such as urban sewage and garbage disposal. Strengthen joint prevention and control of air pollution prevention and control in key areas, strictly control the total amount of air pollutants discharged, gradually eliminate heavily polluted weather, and effectively improve the quality of the atmospheric environment. Promote the construction of greenway network, connect urban and rural green spaces, and form an ecological buffer zone conducive to improving the quality of urban ecological environment. Develop three-dimensional greening, speed up the construction of park green space, and improve the greening of residential areas. Strengthen the ecological restoration of urban mountains, water bodies, wetlands and abandoned land, build a modern urban water network system and build ecological landscape corridors. Strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of geological disasters, focus on the Yangtze River Delta, North China Plain, Songnen Plain, Fenwei Basin and other areas, implement urban geological safety prevention and control projects, carry out land subsidence, ground subsidence and ground fissure treatment, repair the urban geological environment, and ensure the safety of people’s lives and property.

　　Section III Promoting the Comprehensive Improvement of Rural Land

　　Accelerate the comprehensive improvement of Tianshui Road and Forest Village. With the goal of not reducing the cultivated land area and improving the quality, reducing the total amount of construction land, improving rural production and living conditions and ecological environment, and in accordance with the requirements of government leading, integrating funds and safeguarding rights and interests, we will promote the comprehensive improvement of Tianshui Road and forest villages as a whole, and standardize the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land. Strengthen the control of rural land use planning. We will comprehensively promote the renovation of all kinds of inefficient agricultural land, adjust and optimize the layout of rural residential land, speed up the renovation of "hollow villages" and the renovation of dilapidated houses, and improve rural infrastructure and public service facilities. We will steadily promote the construction of beautiful and livable villages, protect natural and cultural landscapes and ecological environment, and inherit the characteristics of rural cultural landscapes.

　　Promote the construction of high-standard farmland. Large-scale construction of high-standard farmland, integration and improvement of construction planning, unified construction standards, supervision and assessment and storage of the above picture. Co-ordinate all kinds of farmland construction funds, do a good job in project cohesion and form a joint effort. In the northeast plain, north China plain, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River plain, Sichuan basin, Weihe River basin in Shaanxi, gully region of Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi, Fenhe Valley and Yanbei region in Shanxi, Hetao plain, hilly plateau in Hainan, hilly and hilly region in central Hubei, Anning River valley in Panxi, oasis region at the south and north foot of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang and other relevant counties (cities), land consolidation projects will be carried out, reserve land suitable for cultivation will be developed moderately, and farmland infrastructure conditions in relevant regions will be comprehensively improved.

　　Implement soil pollution prevention and control actions. Carry out soil pollution investigation and master the quality of soil environment. Implement classified management of agricultural land to ensure the safety of agricultural production environment. Implement access management for construction land to prevent risks to human settlements. Strengthen the protection of unpolluted soil, strictly control new soil pollution, strengthen the supervision of pollution sources, carry out pollution control and remediation, and improve the quality of regional soil environment. In Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other provinces, priority should be given to organizing the treatment and restoration of polluted cultivated land. Build a pioneer area for comprehensive prevention and control of soil pollution.

　　The fourth quarter to strengthen the comprehensive improvement of key ecological function areas

　　Strengthen the function of water conservation. In Daxing ‘anling, Changbai Mountain, Altai Mountain, Sanjiangyuan area, Gannan area, Nanling Mountain area, Qinba Mountain area, Liupanshan Mountain, Qilian Mountain and Taihang Mountain — In key water conservation areas such as Yanshan Mountain, all kinds of development activities that affect the water conservation function are strictly restricted, and ecosystems such as forests, grasslands and wetlands are rebuilt and restored to improve the water conservation function. Implement major wetland restoration projects, actively promote returning farmland to wet land and returning farmland to wet land, and take comprehensive measures to restore wetland functions. Carry out coordinated prevention and control of water and soil pollution, and comprehensively prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution and production and domestic water pollution.

　　Enhance the ability of soil and water conservation. Strengthen the prevention and comprehensive control of soil erosion, implement comprehensive control in small watersheds in the Loess Plateau, black soil areas in Northeast China and karst areas in Southwest China, and implement special comprehensive control in areas where sloping farmland is relatively concentrated, erosion gullies and hillsides are relatively concentrated, so as to control soil erosion to the maximum extent. Combined with promoting the regional development of rocky desertification areas in Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan and tackling poverty, the comprehensive improvement project of rocky desertification will be implemented to restore and rebuild the ecosystem in karst areas, control soil erosion and curb the expansion of rocky desertification.

　　Improve the level of wind prevention and sand fixation. Classified control of desertification, in the lower reaches of Nenjiang River and other lightly desertification areas, the implementation of returning farmland to forests and grasslands and desertification land control; Implement comprehensive improvement projects focusing on building a complete protection system in severely desertification areas such as the edge of Junggar Basin, the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River, the southern part of Tarim Basin and the lower reaches of Shiyang River; In a few areas with serious desertification, such as Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, etc., ecological migration is implemented, grazing is prohibited, and regional ecological restoration is promoted. Focus on the implementation of comprehensive improvement projects such as sandstorm sources in Beijing and Tianjin, strengthen the protection of forest and grass vegetation, effectively manage public welfare forests, and prohibit grazing or enclosure of degraded and desertified grasslands. Promote planting trees and grass in suitable areas, implement projects to fix sand, carry out comprehensive management of small watersheds, and vigorously develop characteristic industries in sand areas such as planting Chinese herbal medicines, production and processing of characteristic agricultural products, and eco-tourism.

　　Section 5 Accelerate the comprehensive improvement of mineral resources development concentration areas

　　Implement mine environmental management. Carry out the recovery and comprehensive management of mine geological environment, promote the comprehensive management of historical mines, and steadily promote the reclamation and utilization of industrial and mining wasteland. By 2030, the comprehensive management rate of historical mines will reach over 60%. Strictly implement the responsibility of environmental restoration and land reclamation in new and production mines, improve the relevant systems of mine geological environment restoration, formulate and implement relevant ecological protection and restoration plans according to law, and strengthen the pollution control of mine waste water and solid waste.

　　Accelerate the construction of green mines. We will further improve the standard system for the construction of green mines in different industries, comprehensively promote the construction of green mines, and build a number of green mining development demonstration zones with reasonable layout, intensive and efficient, excellent ecology and harmonious mining areas in areas with relatively rich resources and relatively concentrated mines, so as to lead the transformation and upgrading of mining industry and realize the coordination between resource development and utilization and regional economic and social development. By 2030, all mines above designated size in China will meet the standards of green mines.

　　Section VI Comprehensive Improvement of Coastal Zones and Islands

　　Strengthen coastal zone restoration and management. Promote Bohai Bay, the coastal areas of northern Jiangsu and Xiamen, Fujian — Comprehensive improvement will be carried out in coastal areas with degraded functions, such as Pingtan Coast and Guangdong Pearl River Estuary, to restore the ecological environment of bays and estuaries. Strengthen the control of land-based pollution and reduce the pollution load of rivers entering the sea. Strictly implement the discharge standard of aquaculture wastewater and control the discharge of aquaculture tail water. Improve the collection and treatment rate of sewage and garbage, and improve the environment of coastal tourist areas. We will promote the ecological restoration of coastal waters, rectify the damaged coastline, and focus on the restoration and rectification of coastal areas with severely damaged natural landscapes, degraded ecological functions, weakened disaster prevention capabilities and inefficient utilization. By 2030, the renovation and restoration of coastline will be completed over 2,000 kilometers long.

　　Promote island protection and rectification. Focus on promoting the renovation of islands with residents, improving and renovating the infrastructure of islands to be developed and remote islands, protecting the natural resources and ecological environment of islands, and controlling soil erosion and pollution of islands. Strengthen the construction of the island protection project at the base of the territorial sea and repair the ecologically damaged island at the base of the territorial sea. Standardize the development and utilization of uninhabited islands and protect and restore the ecological environment.

　　Chapter VII Linkage Development

　　Adapt to the new situation and requirements, focus on regional cooperation to promote the development of regional integration, actively promote the development of key areas, and vigorously support the accelerated development of special areas such as the old, the young and the poor. Deepen open cooperation, strengthen regional linkage, and strive to build a more open and harmonious land development pattern.

　　Section 1 Promoting the Development of Regional Integration

　　Focusing on accelerating regional cooperation and promoting regional integration development. Relying on the axis of land development, we will further break the restrictions on administrative divisions, encourage and support development clusters to cooperate in key areas such as land development and protection, infrastructure construction and market system construction, promote industrial transfer, realize the free flow and optimal combination of factors across regions, and comprehensively improve the level and level of cooperation.

　　Give full play to the agglomeration and connectivity of the land development axis, accelerate the construction of comprehensive transportation corridor, promote the flow of factors and industrial cooperation along the land development axis, and promote the formation of towns and industrial intensive zones along the key development axis. Relying on the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Silk Road Economic Belt, we will guide the industries in the eastern coastal areas to transfer to the central and western regions in an orderly manner, and encourage the central and western regions to innovate ways and modes of all-round cooperation with the eastern region by means of enterprise cooperation and park co-construction.

　　Support the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu and Chongqing to accelerate the integration process, strengthen cooperation in infrastructure, industrial development, ecological environment, public services, social management and other aspects, build an interconnected infrastructure network and resource factor market system, eliminate market barriers, and promote the free flow of production factors across regions.

　　Improve the mechanism of regional coordinated development and strengthen coordination and cooperation across regions and the whole basin. Improve the counterpart support system and measures, and establish a mutual assistance mechanism of mutual benefit and common development through developing enclave economy and building parks. Establish and improve inter-regional interest balance mechanisms such as ecological protection compensation and resource development compensation.

　　Give play to the leading role of key areas. We will promote the construction of various key functional platforms such as national new districts, national comprehensive reform pilot zones and key development and opening pilot zones, and promote the orderly development of various functional zones. Encourage the eastern coastal areas to actively integrate into economic globalization and regional integration, and fully participate in international division of labor and cooperation. Accelerate the construction of free trade pilot zones in Shanghai, Guangdong, Tianjin and Fujian. Strengthen the overall planning of land and sea, focus on cultivating a number of new marine economic growth poles, and promote the formation of three marine economic circles in northern, eastern and southern China. In the central and western regions, cultivating the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu-Chongqing and other regions with good economic foundation, strong carrying capacity of resources and environment and great development potential has become a new economic growth pole. Encourage the innovation and development of the reform pilot area, accelerate the pace of development and opening up, accumulate innovative practical experience, and provide experience demonstration for coordinating the coordinated development of urban and rural areas and optimizing the pattern of land and space development.

　　Section 2 Support the accelerated development of special areas

　　Accelerate the leap-forward development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas. Further increase financial transfer payments and policy support, strengthen infrastructure construction such as transportation, energy, water conservancy, information and communication, vigorously develop industries with distinctive advantages, improve the level of public services such as education, health, culture and social security, intensify ecological construction and environmental protection, and accelerate the improvement of long-term mechanisms conducive to enhancing self-development capabilities. Concentrate on supporting the accelerated development of old revolutionary base areas, vigorously promote the revitalization and development of key poverty-stricken old revolutionary base areas such as Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangdong Central Soviet Area, Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia, Dabie Mountain, Zuoyou River and Sichuan-Shaanxi, and actively support the underdeveloped old revolutionary base areas such as Yimeng, Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi, Taihang and Hailufeng to accelerate development, strengthen the foundation, improve the environment, innovate mechanisms, stimulate vitality, build revolutionary traditions and patriotic education bases, and develop characteristic industries such as red cultural industries and tourism. Vigorously support the accelerated development of ethnic minority areas, and strengthen the cooperation between the east and the west, cross-provincial counterpart support and counterpart assistance. Promote the development of superior resources in Xinjiang, strengthen the construction of basic capabilities such as agriculture, water conservancy and transportation, and promote the leap-forward development of economy and society; Promote the construction of a water-saving society in Ningxia, strengthen the basic position of agriculture, and build a high-level energy and chemical base in Ningdong; Promote the development of Guangxi coastal areas along the Yangtze River, develop characteristic industries, and enhance the regional radiation-driven ability; Promote ecological construction and environmental protection in Inner Mongolia, develop modern agriculture and animal husbandry, and build a diversified modern industrial system; We will accelerate the development of Tibetan areas in Tibet and Qinghai provinces, promote the development of industries with superior characteristics, and improve the production and living conditions in agricultural and pastoral areas.Promote the construction of border cities and key development and opening pilot zones, support Xinjiang to build an important window to the west, Tibet to build an important channel to South Asia, Yunnan to build a radiation center to South Asia and Southeast Asia, and Guangxi to build an international channel to ASEAN; Support Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia to build an important window open to the north and a central hub for regional cooperation in Northeast Asia; Accelerate the construction of the Changchun-Jilin-Tumen development and opening-up pilot area facing Northeast Asia. Intensify poverty alleviation and development, innovate poverty alleviation and development methods, improve the working mechanism of precise poverty alleviation, implement poverty alleviation in concentrated contiguous poverty-stricken areas, fully implement livelihood projects such as education, health, culture, employment, social security, and informatization in poor villages, cultivate and expand a number of industries with distinctive advantages, and enhance self-development capabilities.

　　Support the transformation and development of difficult areas such as resource-exhausted areas. Increase policy support, promote the development of alternative industries in difficult areas such as resource depletion, industrial recession and serious ecological degradation, promote the transformation and innovation of resource-based areas, and form a new pattern of multi-support and multi-industry development. Adhere to classified guidance and differential development, and build a long-term mechanism conducive to the sustainable development of difficult areas. Promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure in resource-based areas, encourage qualified areas to cultivate and expand alternative industries, focus on solving livelihood problems such as employment and social security, strengthen environmental improvement and ecological protection, intensify geological prospecting, and tap the potential of resources. Further increase the transfer payment to resource-exhausted cities, make overall plans to solve problems left over from history, and realize sustainable economic and social development. Comprehensively promote the transformation of old industrial areas, independent industrial and mining areas and coal mining subsidence areas. The transformation of old industrial cities that support industrial recession will be accelerated, and the exit mechanism of excess capacity in areas where industries with excess capacity are concentrated will be improved. Strengthen the restoration and management of areas with serious ecological degradation, and promote ecological migration in an orderly manner. Accelerate the reform of state-owned forest farms and forest areas.

　　Section III Improving the Level of Open Cooperation

　　Construct an all-round opening-up pattern. We will implement a more proactive open policy, co-ordinate various cooperation mechanisms and platforms, improve an open economic system that is mutually beneficial and win-win, diversified, balanced, safe and efficient, give full play to the comparative advantages of various regions in China, promote the complementary advantages of coastal areas and inland areas, and comprehensively improve the level of open economy. Vigorously promote the "Belt and Road" construction and international capacity cooperation, and promote the export of products, technologies, standards and services in related fields in China. On land, relying on international corridors, supporting central cities along the route and taking key economic and trade industrial parks as cooperation platforms, we will jointly build a new Eurasian Continental Bridge, China, Mongolia, Russia and China — Central Asia — West Asia, China — International economic cooperation corridors such as Indochina Peninsula, China-Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, India and Myanmar; Taking key ports as nodes at sea, we will jointly build a smooth, safe and efficient transportation corridor.

　　Accelerate the construction of comprehensive transportation hubs and open bases facing the international community, and develop and build land border port towns facing international and regional cooperation. Focus on economic development zones such as Kashgar and Horgos in Xinjiang, key development and opening-up pilot zones such as Dongxing in Guangxi, Mengla in Yunnan, Ruili in Yunnan, Manzhouli in Inner Mongolia, Erenhot in Inner Mongolia, Suifenhe in Heilongjiang, and international cooperation demonstration zone in Tumen River region (Hunchun) in China, vigorously develop export-oriented advantageous industries, build energy resources import and processing bases, develop international trade logistics parks and distribution centers, and promote the construction of international transportation channels. Accelerate the construction of border economic cooperation zones, cross-border economic cooperation zones and cross-border tourism cooperation zones, and develop border areas into important areas for promoting good neighborliness, win-win cooperation and enhancing the country’s comprehensive strength.

　　Table 4 Land border port towns under key construction

　　　Improve the level of open cooperation in the field of land and resources. Establish and improve the operation mechanism of two kinds of resources and two markets, formulate and improve relevant supporting policies for effective development and utilization of overseas resources, accelerate the pace of "going global", strengthen overseas geological survey and exploration, support powerful enterprise groups to "go global", actively enhance the space and capacity of overseas mineral resources development and utilization, improve the optimal allocation and guarantee level of national strategic resources, and establish a stable, harmonious and mutually beneficial benefit-sharing mechanism for resource development and utilization. We will build an international corridor for land and sea energy resources, expand imports of energy resources that are in short supply at home, strengthen strategic reserves of important energy resources such as oil, promote technical exchanges and cooperation, and encourage the introduction of advanced exploration and development technologies, management experience and high-quality talents.

　　Chapter VIII Support and Guarantee

　　Adapt to the overall trinity pattern of land agglomeration development, classified protection and comprehensive improvement, and promote the formation of a modern basic support and guarantee system with more perfect infrastructure, more powerful resource guarantee, more efficient disaster prevention and mitigation, and more sound institutional mechanisms.

　　Section 1 Strengthening infrastructure construction

　　Improve the comprehensive transportation system. To meet the needs of the construction of multi-center network-based land space development pattern, we will speed up the construction of international and domestic comprehensive transportation corridors, strengthen the construction of comprehensive transportation infrastructure networks, and build a comprehensive transportation system consisting of railways, highways, waterways, civil aviation and pipelines, which is connected internally and externally, covering a wide range, green and intelligent, safe and efficient.

　　Build a developed and perfect railway network. Accelerate the construction of high-speed railways, interregional trunk lines and land development railways, actively develop intercity and suburban (regional) railways, improve the regional railway network, and optimize the transportation network in urban dense areas. By 2030, the national railway operating mileage will reach more than 200,000 kilometers.

　　Build a smooth and convenient highway network. Improve the national highway network, speed up the construction of the remaining sections of national highways, promote the construction of expanded sections, strengthen the new reconstruction of national and provincial trunk highways, build economic trunk highways, port highways, port collection and distribution highways, tourist highways and national border highways, and promote the construction of rural highways. By 2030, a road network of 5.8 million kilometers will be built.

　　Improve the modern water transport system. Focus on the construction of high-grade inland waterways and major coastal ports. By 2030, an inland waterway system will be built to connect the trunk and branch and communicate with the ocean; Further optimize the layout of five regional port groups around Bohai Sea, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Southeast Coast and Southwest Coast, and form a modern port system with distinct levels, complementary advantages and perfect functions.

　　Improve the airport layout system. Accelerate the implementation of the relocation, new construction, renovation and expansion of trunk airports, and increase the construction of regional airports. By 2030, a modern airport system with wide coverage, reasonable distribution, perfect functions and intensive environmental protection will be basically built.

　　Reasonable layout of pipeline transportation network. Coordinate the construction of oil and gas import transportation channels and domestic reserve systems, and accelerate the formation of cross-regional oil and gas transportation channels closely connected with neighboring countries and regions. We will speed up the construction of the main pipelines for importing crude oil and natural gas on the three major land routes in northwest, northeast and southwest China, improve the pipelines for transporting refined oil that radiate from the Bohai Rim, the Yangtze River Delta, the southwest and southeast coasts to inland areas and the hinterland along the river, and strengthen the construction of the pipelines for exporting refined oil in northwest and northeast China. We will improve the regional natural gas pipeline networks such as Chengdu-Chongqing, Bohai Rim, Pearl River Delta, Central South and Yangtze River Delta, and form a national backbone pipeline network connecting the main producing areas, consumption areas and gas storage points.

　　Accelerate the construction of water conservancy infrastructure. Adhere to water-saving priority, spatial balance, systematic management, and two-handed efforts, concentrate on accelerating the construction of a number of overall and strategic major water conservancy projects, make overall plans to strengthen the construction of small and medium-sized water conservancy facilities, and improve the ability of water security. Promote river basin system improvement, further consolidate rural water conservancy foundation, strengthen water ecological management and protection, and improve water conservancy disaster prevention and mitigation system.

　　Strengthen the construction of flood control and drought relief facilities in rivers, lakes and reservoirs. We will continue to promote the management of large rivers and lakes and the construction of flood storage and detention areas. Accelerate the management of waterlogged areas in small and medium-sized rivers and key plains and the construction of urban drainage facilities, and strengthen the prevention and control of mountain torrents, the construction of seawalls and the regulation of cross-border rivers. Strengthen the construction of emergency standby water sources in important cities, steadily promote the construction of sponge cities, speed up the construction of drought-resistant water source projects and supporting facilities in drought-prone areas, major grain producing areas and urban dense areas, and do a good job in the conservation and storage of groundwater sources.

　　Accelerate the construction of rural water conservancy facilities. Vigorously develop water-saving irrigation, complete the continuous construction and water-saving transformation of large-scale irrigation areas and key medium-sized irrigation areas nationwide, and build a number of modern irrigation areas. Promote the construction of small-scale farmland water conservancy and actively develop water conservancy in pastoral areas. Implement rural drinking water safety consolidation and upgrading projects to further improve the level of rural water supply security.

　　Promote the construction of water resources allocation project. Promote the construction of key water source projects in an orderly manner, and improve the water resources storage capacity and water supply guarantee capacity of key areas, key cities and major grain producing areas. In accordance with the principles of real need, ecological safety and sustainability, we will promote the construction of water diversion projects in an appropriate and orderly manner, control the number and scale of inter-basin water diversion projects, and make overall plans to solve the problem of regional water shortage. Strengthen the use of unconventional water sources such as rain and flood, reclaimed water and seawater desalination. According to local conditions, we will carry out the construction of water system connection between rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and build a water network system of rivers, lakes and reservoirs with smooth drainage, proper storage and discharge, rich and poor regulation and multi-source complementarity.

　　Strengthen the construction of environmental protection infrastructure. Improve the level of urban sewage treatment, increase the construction of sewage pipe network, promote the transformation of rain and sewage diversion, and accelerate the construction of sewage treatment plants in county towns and key towns. Strengthen the prevention and control of pollution caused by bulk industrial solid waste and hazardous waste, and speed up the whole process management of medical waste and the construction of facilities for harmless disposal and urban and rural domestic waste treatment. We will build an advanced and efficient radioactive pollution control and waste treatment system and accelerate the capacity building of radioactive waste storage, treatment and disposal.

　　Promote the construction of information and communication infrastructure. Accelerate the construction of a new generation of high-speed, mobile, secure and ubiquitous information infrastructure, and form a cyberspace with internet of everything, human-computer interaction and integration of heaven and earth. Make overall arrangements for the construction of new-generation mobile communication network, next-generation Internet, digital radio and television network, satellite communication and other facilities, realize the integration of telecommunication network, radio and television network and Internet, promote network interconnection and business integration, and form an ultra-high-speed, large-capacity and high-intelligence national trunk transmission network. Construction of earth observation system and information superhighway. Strengthen the construction of geospatial information infrastructure. Implement the strategy of "Broadband China" and accelerate the construction of a new generation of broadband, converged, ubiquitous and secure network infrastructure. Accelerate the moderately advanced construction and balanced development of broadband network infrastructure, gradually promote the large-scale application of the Internet of Things, strengthen the construction of information and communication infrastructure in rural areas, and improve the penetration rate of information terminals in rural areas.

　　Section 2 Ensuring Reasonable Demand for Construction Land

　　Necessary land for economic and social development. Give full play to the overall control role of the overall land use planning and land use planning, and rationally arrange the scale, layout, structure and timing of construction land. Give priority to ensuring land for livelihood projects such as ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation, strategic emerging industries and modern service industries, and rationally arrange land for key infrastructure projects. Support the construction of new countryside and ensure the construction land necessary for agricultural production, farmers’ life and rural development. Ensure the development of rational land use in border areas and promote the rapid development of export-oriented economy.

　　Reasonably expand the new space of construction land. Under the premise of not damaging the natural environment and ensuring geological and ecological security, we should guide industrial and urban construction to give priority to the development of low hills and gentle slopes, saline-alkali land, bare land and other unused and abandoned land, reduce the occupation of cultivated land by construction, and try not to occupy cultivated land as much as possible. If it is really necessary to occupy cultivated land, we should strictly implement the system of occupation and compensation. Scientific planning, rational development and utilization of underground space. According to the carrying capacity of marine ecological environment, the scale of reclamation is scientifically and reasonably determined.

　　Comprehensively improve the level of land conservation and intensive use. We will implement the dual control of the total amount and intensity of construction land, strictly implement the access standards for construction projects, innovate land-saving models, and popularize land-saving technologies. Strictly control the new construction land and effectively control the disorderly expansion of Xincheng New District and Development Zone. We will promote the redevelopment of inefficient land in cities and towns and the development and utilization of low hills and gentle slopes in an orderly manner, promote the multi-functional development of construction land, the comprehensive development and utilization of the ground and underground, and promote the reuse of existing resources such as vacant buildings and factories. Strictly control the scale of rural collective construction land, explore the establishment of purchasing and storage system, and revitalize rural idle construction land. Strengthen land use monitoring and supervision, and implement the target assessment of construction land for unit GDP. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the use area of construction land per unit of GDP decreased by 20%.

　　Control the intensity of land development. According to the carrying capacity of resources and environment, the intensity of land development and its position in the pattern of land development in each region, the indicators of construction land should be rationally allocated and the intensity of land development should be regulated differently. Further optimize the spatial development structure in the Bohai Rim region, the Yangtze River Delta region and the Pearl River Delta region, strictly control the development intensity and the supply of new construction land, actively revitalize the existing construction land and reduce the proportion of industrial land. Support key development areas such as the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Chengdu-Chongqing areas to accelerate industrial development and population agglomeration, promote economic and social development, appropriately increase the intensity of land development, and stabilize the supply of construction land. Limit the development intensity of major agricultural production areas and key ecological function areas, and encourage the renovation and restoration of agricultural and ecological space. By 2030, the intensity of land development will be controlled within 4.62%. Optimize the structure and layout of urban and rural construction land, and adjust the ratio of urban and rural construction land area to about 3.9: 6.1 by 2030.

　　Section III Strengthening the Comprehensive Allocation of Water Resources

　　Strictly control the total water consumption in river basins and regions. Coordinate the carrying capacity of water resources and reasonable water demand in various regions, control the intensity of water resources development and utilization, and scientifically formulate water distribution plans for major river basins.

　　Strengthen the capacity building of water resources guarantee. Reasonable arrangement of production, living and ecological water, unified deployment of local and foreign, surface and groundwater resources. Reasonably arrange and transform existing water sources, scientifically plan to build and adjust water sources, combine storage, diversion and regulation, simultaneously develop large, medium and small areas, and establish and improve a water supply system that combines river basins with regions, coordinates urban and rural areas, and coordinates development and utilization with conservation and protection.

　　Promote the economical use of water resources. Establish and improve the system and mechanism conducive to water conservation, steadily promote water price reform, strengthen water quota management, and accelerate the formulation of national standards for water quota for high-water-consuming industries and services. Based on the carrying capacity of water resources, strictly control the shortage of water resources and the expansion of urban scale in ecologically fragile areas. Strict industrial access and water quota control shall be implemented in areas with water shortage. Accelerate the water-saving transformation of agriculture, industry and cities and towns, and carry out the demonstration of comprehensive water-saving transformation. Accelerate the utilization of unconventional water resources and implement projects such as the utilization of rain and flood resources and the utilization of reclaimed water. Change the way of agricultural water use, and comprehensively improve the efficiency and benefit of water resources utilization. By 2030, the national water-saving irrigation area will account for more than 85% of the farmland irrigation area, and the effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water will increase to more than 0.6.

　　The fourth quarter to build energy security system

　　Strengthen energy and mineral exploration. Strengthen oil and gas exploration in key basins such as Bohai Bay, Ordos, Sichuan, Tarim and East China Sea to obtain large-scale reserves in accordance with the idea of deepening the eastern (central) part, developing the western part, speeding up the sea area, opening up new areas and expanding overseas; Intensify the exploration of oil and gas-bearing basins such as Yine and Qiangtang and the middle and upper Yangtze region to realize the strategic succession of oil and gas resources. Focusing on high-quality thermal coal and coking coal, we will speed up the resource exploration process of large coal bases in Shendong, northern Shaanxi and northern Shanxi. Strengthen the investigation and potential evaluation of uranium resources and speed up the exploration of a number of new mineral sites. Implement the investigation and potential evaluation of oil shale and oil sand resources, actively promote the exploration of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas, coalbed methane and tight oil (gas), and explore and develop natural gas hydrate in areas with reservoir-forming conditions in China’s sea areas and land areas. Carry out national geothermal resources prospect investigation and evaluation.

　　Improve the level of energy development and utilization. Promote the revolution of energy production and consumption, optimize the energy structure, focus on opening up sources, reducing expenditure and reducing emissions, and ensure the safe supply of energy. Focus on the construction of five key comprehensive energy bases in Shanxi, Ordos Basin, eastern Inner Mongolia, southwest China and Xinjiang and the eastern coastal nuclear power belt, and build a pattern of energy development and utilization in the "five bases and one belt". Strengthen the development of deep-sea oil and gas resources, accelerate the storage and production of conventional natural gas, and promote the research and development and popularization of comprehensive utilization technologies of oil shale, shale gas, natural gas hydrate and oil sands. Strengthen the comprehensive development of coalbed methane and coal resources and improve the level of comprehensive utilization. Effectively improve the level of coal processing and transformation, and strengthen the clean and efficient utilization of coal. On the premise of ecological protection, we will develop hydropower in an orderly and steady manner, nuclear power in a safe way, wind power in a high efficiency, expand the utilization of solar energy, and develop biomass energy in an orderly manner. We will implement demonstration projects for the integrated utilization of new energy sources, promote the development of renewable energy sources such as new solar photovoltaic and photothermal power generation, biomass gasification, biofuels and ocean energy according to local conditions, and greatly increase the proportion of non-fossil energy sources in total energy consumption.

　　Improve the efficient and efficient backbone network of power and coal transportation. Strengthen the overall construction of smart grid and distributed energy system, and gradually reduce the proportion of coal consumption, especially the proportion of non-electric coal. Adhere to the simultaneous transmission of coal and electricity, gradually increase the proportion of electricity transmission, and expand the scale of transporting coal from north to south and transmitting electricity from west to east. In combination with the layout of large-scale energy bases, we will steadily build power transmission channels from southwest energy bases to East China, Central China and Guangdong Province, and from Ordos Basin, Shanxi and Xilin Gol League energy bases to North China, Central China and East China. Accelerate the construction of regional and inter-provincial EHV main power grids, accelerate the implementation of urban and rural distribution network construction and transformation projects, and improve the comprehensive power supply capacity and reliability. Optimize the cross-regional flow direction of coal, and focus on building a strategic channel for transporting coal from the western part of Inner Mongolia to Central China; Construction of new channels for transporting coal from Shanxi, Shaanxi and western Inner Mongolia to Tangshan port, and from south-central Shanxi to Shandong coastal port; Combined with the capacity expansion and reconstruction of Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway and the construction of lanzhou-chongqing railway, the Xinjiang coal transportation channel will be improved.

　　Section 5: Enhancing the Guarantee Capacity of Non-energy Important Mineral Resources

　　Strengthen the exploration of important mineral resources. Actively implement the strategic action of prospecting breakthrough, focusing on minerals such as iron, copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, gold and potassium salt, taking into account rare, scattered, rare earth metals and important non-metallic minerals, improving the new market-oriented geological prospecting mechanism and promoting a major breakthrough in geological prospecting. Strengthen the exploration of key metallogenic belts, find out the background of marine mineral resources, build a number of mineral resources exploration and mining bases, and shape a new pattern of resource security and mining development. Actively participate in the exploration and development of foreign mineral resources. By 2030, the proven reserves of important mineral resources will maintain steady growth.

　　Strengthen the rational development and protection of mineral resources. Improve the continuous supply capacity of important metal minerals such as iron, copper and bauxite, and develop new non-metallic mineral materials such as graphite. Actively develop and utilize strategic emerging minerals, strengthen the protection of important dominant minerals, and control the total mining amount of specific minerals for protective mining. We will improve an important mineral reserve system that combines strategic reserves with commercial reserves, and mineral reserves and mineral reserves complement each other. By 2030, the domestic guarantee level of important minerals will be improved.

　　Promote the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources. Strengthen the comprehensive evaluation and comprehensive utilization of low-grade, associated and refractory mineral resources, increase and revitalize a number of resource reserves, accelerate the research and development and promotion of safe, efficient and advanced mining and dressing technology and equipment, and reduce reserve consumption and mine waste discharge. Establish a system of management, supervision and inspection of access standards for mining and dressing recovery rate of mineral resources, carry out pilot demonstrations for comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, promote the construction of demonstration bases for comprehensive utilization of mineral resources and green mines, promote the development of circular economy in the field of mineral resources, improve the overall level of mining and dressing recovery rate and comprehensive utilization rate of mineral resources, and improve the utilization efficiency of mineral resources.

　　Section VI Strengthening the Ability of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

　　Improve the disaster monitoring and early warning network. Strengthen the development, experiment and popularization of natural disaster prediction and early warning technology, strengthen early monitoring and rapid early warning of major natural disasters, and improve the short-term and medium-and long-term forecasting ability of sudden natural disasters. Establish disaster prevention and mitigation information sharing, forecasting consultation and early warning linkage mechanism, and strengthen the capacity building of early warning information release.

　　Strengthen disaster prevention and control in key areas. Focus on high-risk areas of natural disasters and major engineering disturbance areas, and strengthen early identification, risk assessment, monitoring and early warning and engineering prevention of major natural disasters and catastrophe hazards. Strengthen the capacity building of disaster prevention and mitigation in areas with serious natural disasters, and improve the fortification standards and disaster resistance of urban and rural buildings and public facilities. Carry out risk assessment of important facilities and general survey of seismic performance of buildings in densely populated and industrial areas, and build a comprehensive disaster prevention capability information database. Combined with the construction of new countryside, the resettlement of major hidden dangers of geological disasters will be organized in an orderly manner.

　　Improve the comprehensive disaster response capability. Implement natural disaster prevention projects. Accelerate the construction of key projects such as flood control and drought relief, earthquake prevention, cold and frost resistance, wind and tide resistance, forest and grassland fire prevention, major sandstorm disaster prevention, pest control, and wildlife epidemic source prevention and control. We will improve the disaster management mechanism involving the government, society, enterprises and individuals, further strengthen the capacity building of disaster risk prevention, emergency rescue and post-disaster recovery and reconstruction, and promote the formation of a comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation work pattern with multi-disaster prevention, coordination of various departments and cross-regional cooperation.

　　Building a national ecological security barrier. Relying on key ecological functional areas, we will accelerate the construction of national ecological security barriers. Strengthen the protection and restoration of forest resources and promote the restoration of wetlands in the forest ecological functional areas of Daxing’ anling and Changbai Mountain and Sanjiang Plain; Protect and restore forest and grass vegetation in Ordos, Alashan and the northern edge of Tarim basin, and enhance the function of windbreak and sand fixation; Strengthen the protection and restoration of grasslands and wetlands and enhance the function of water conservation in Sanjiangyuan and Qilian Mountains; In the Loess Plateau and Taihang Mountain areas, strengthen the protection and restoration of natural vegetation such as forests and grasslands, and enhance the function of soil and water conservation; In Qinba Mountain, Minshan Mountain and Hengduan Mountain, strengthen the protection of forest resources and wildlife species resources, and enhance the function of water conservation; In the Three Gorges reservoir area, strengthen the protection and restoration of natural vegetation such as forests and grasslands, and enhance the functions of soil and water conservation and water conservation; In southwest karst areas, rocky desertification control should be carried out to enhance the functions of soil and water conservation and water conservation; In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, strengthen the restoration of lake wetlands and enhance the flood storage function; In Nanling Mountain and Wuyishan District, strengthen the protection and restoration of forest resources, and enhance the functions of soil and water conservation and water conservation; In the eastern coastal areas, strengthen the protection and restoration of coastal shelterbelts, especially mangroves, and enhance the functions of protecting the coast and resisting natural disasters such as typhoons and tsunamis; In Northeast China, North China and the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, the ecological protection function should be enhanced to ensure the safety of grain production; In large and medium-sized cities, strengthen the protection of forests, grasslands, lakes, wetlands, farmland and other resources, and enhance the functions of ecological protection, climate regulation and landscape greening.

　　Section 7 Promoting institutional and institutional innovation

　　Improve the natural resources management system. In accordance with the requirements of clear ownership, clear rights and responsibilities and effective supervision, we will speed up the improvement of the property right system of natural resources assets, strive to establish and improve the national unified management system of public welfare natural resources assets, adhere to and improve the paid use system of operational natural resources assets, and uniformly register the natural ecological spaces such as water, forests, mountains, grasslands, wasteland, beaches and proven reserves of mineral resources. Improve the natural resources supervision system and uniformly exercise the duties of controlling the use of land and space. Based on the implementation of comprehensive investigation and evaluation system and strengthening dynamic monitoring, we will establish a monitoring and early warning mechanism for the carrying capacity of resources and environment, and implement restricted development for areas with weakened carrying capacity of resources and environment. Establish and improve the system of land space development, protection and use control, fully implement the system of paid use of natural resources and assets and the system of compensation for ecological protection, and incorporate resource consumption, environmental damage and ecological benefits into the evaluation system of economic and social development; Establish a reward and punishment mechanism for the development and utilization of natural resources, and improve the system of economical and intensive use of energy, water and land; Gradually establish a diversified ecological protection compensation mechanism covering key areas such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, deserts, oceans, currents and cultivated land, and important areas such as prohibited development areas and key ecological function areas. In accordance with the principles of paid disposal, rational distribution of income and strengthening comprehensive supervision, establish and improve the management system of state-owned natural resources assets.

　　Improve the market mechanism. Deepen the reform of the system of paid use of natural resources assets and promote the construction of the market system. Expand the scope of paid use, innovate acquisition methods, improve the occupation system, and improve the resource price formation mechanism and income distribution system. Further expand the scope of market allocation of natural resources. Improve the system of natural resource use rights and promote the free and orderly circulation of resource use rights. Establish a unified, open, competitive and orderly market system for resource elements. Deepen the reform of factor prices and factor markets for resource products, and establish a price formation mechanism for resource products that reflects the relationship between market supply and demand, the scarcity of resources and the cost of environmental damage. Improve the tangible market of natural resources elements, strengthen the construction of public resources trading platform, improve trading rules, and promote openness and transparency of transactions. Improve the ability of market information supervision of resource elements, based on the dynamic monitoring of land market, improve the unified dynamic supervision system covering market information of resource elements such as mining rights and sea area use rights, and strengthen market regulation and supervision.

　　Strict "three lines" control. Delineate urban, agricultural and ecological spaces, and strictly implement use control. Scientifically determine the intensity of land development, strictly implement and constantly improve the strictest farmland protection system, water resources management system and environmental protection system, and implement total control and quota management system for strategic resources involving national food, energy, ecology and economic security, and decompose them into provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). Set a "survival line", define the protected area of cultivated land and the scale of water resources development, and ensure the national food and water resources security; Set up "ecological line", delimit the area and scope of forest, grassland, rivers and lakes, wetlands, oceans and other ecological elements, clarify the scope of various protected areas, and improve the level of ecological security; Set up a "security line" to ensure the construction land necessary for economic and social development, promote the healthy development of new industrialization and urbanization, determine the production bases and transportation channels of energy and important mineral resources, and ensure the sustained and effective supply of national energy resources.

　　Implement partition boot. In accordance with the general requirements of giving full play to regional comparative advantages, promoting regional coordinated development, promoting in-depth land development and land-sea overall planning, and on the basis of comprehensive consideration of natural background conditions, economic and social ties, population and industrial distribution, we will clarify the development priorities, protection contents and remediation tasks of various regions, formulate and implement differentiated policies, innovate management methods, further strengthen regional guidance and spatial control, and promote balanced land development and regional coordinated development.

　　Chapter IX Supporting Policies

　　On the basis of giving full play to the comprehensive efficiency of existing relevant policies, we will actively promote institutional innovation, study and formulate a supporting policy system to promote the optimization of land spatial development pattern, and ensure the completion of the planning objectives and key tasks of the Outline.

　　Section 1 Resources and Environmental Policies

　　Accelerate the reform and innovation of land management system. Strengthen the management of land use conversion license, and implement differentiated land use and land management policies according to the functional orientation and development direction of different main functional areas. Implement the strictest farmland protection system and implement the target responsibility system for farmland protection of people’s governments at all levels. Implement the strictest land saving system, establish a standard control system for the use of construction land, establish and improve the responsibility mechanism and assessment system for land saving and intensive use, and create a model city and county for land saving and intensive use. Strengthen the potential of the existing construction land and revitalize the existing land. We will further improve policies such as linking the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land, reclamation and utilization of industrial and mining wasteland, and development and utilization of low hills and gentle slopes and unused land. Deepen the reform of urban land use system, improve laws and regulations, implement the redevelopment of inefficient urban land, and promote the pilot reform of the secondary land market. We will promote the reform of rural land system as a whole, and do a good job in rural land acquisition, collective construction land entering the market, and homestead system reform.

　　Implement the strictest water resources management system. Strict water resources development and utilization control, water use efficiency control, and "three red lines" management of water functional areas to limit pollution intake. Strengthen the control and management of water resources development and utilization, strictly plan management and water resources demonstration, control the total water intake in river basins and regions, and strictly implement the system of water intake permit and paid use of water resources. Strengthen water efficiency control and management, and strengthen water quota management in various regions and industries. Accelerate the technological transformation of water saving, strengthen the management of water functional areas to limit pollution, strictly check the pollution capacity of water areas, and strictly control the total amount of sewage discharged into rivers and lakes. Accelerate the pilot of water rights trading and cultivate and standardize the water rights market. Improve the water resources monitoring system and establish a water resources management responsibility assessment system.

　　Deepen the reform of mineral resources management system. Explore the establishment of a mineral resources rights and interests system, further deepen the reform of the paid use system of mineral resources, establish a minimum exploration investment standard and a dynamic adjustment mechanism for mining rights use fees, and adjust the collection standards for mining rights use fees. Strictly control and standardize the transfer of mining rights by agreement, comprehensively promote the construction of mining rights market, and improve the income distribution mechanism of mineral resources development. Improve the technical standard system for the conservation and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, and formulate and improve the "three rates" (mining recovery rate, mineral processing recovery rate and comprehensive utilization rate) standards for important mineral resources. Improve the investigation, monitoring and evaluation system of mineral resources conservation and comprehensive utilization, strengthen the incentive and restraint mechanism of mineral resources conservation and comprehensive utilization, improve the guiding policies such as resource allocation and economic incentives, and promote the sustainable utilization of resources. Formulate support policies for mineral resources exploration, mineral resources reserve protection, mine ecological protection and restoration and management.

　　Improve the management system for the use of sea areas. Strict planning and management of sea use, giving play to the control role of marine functional zoning and planning, strengthening intensive sea use, and strictly restricting the plan of reclamation. Scientifically determine the scale, mode and timing of marine development. Reasonably control the scale of all kinds of construction seas, and give priority to encouraging industries, strategic emerging industries and social welfare projects. Promote the bidding, auction and listing of the right to use sea areas, and standardize the transfer, lease and mortgage management of the right to use sea areas. Improve the management system of sea area gold collection and increase investment in sea area and coastal zone remediation and restoration. Establish a marine ecological environment protection and restoration mechanism with land-sea coordination and regional linkage, strengthen the comprehensive management of beaches, inshore waters, important bays and fragile coastlines, and strictly control the discharge of land-based pollutants into the sea.

　　Improve the environmental protection management system. Delineate the red line of ecological protection, strictly abide by the bottom line of environmental quality, regard the environmental quality such as atmosphere, water and soil as the red line of environmental responsibility of local governments at all levels, and determine the total pollutant discharge limit and environmental risk prevention and control measures accordingly. Establish and improve an environmental protection management system that strictly supervises the discharge of all pollutants, establish a regional linkage mechanism for ecosystem restoration and pollution prevention as a whole on land and sea, and improve the pollutant discharge permit system. Implement the environmental target responsibility system, promote the total emission reduction of major pollutants and environmental quality supervision and assessment. In the key areas of comprehensive prevention and control of heavy metal pollution, the total discharge of pollutants will be controlled, the system of paid acquisition and use of emission rights will be improved, the pilot scope of paid use and trading of emission rights will be expanded, and the emission rights trading market will be developed. Promote the establishment of a credit evaluation system for corporate environmental behavior. Strictly implement the environmental impact assessment system and improve the linkage mechanism between planning environmental impact assessment and construction project impact assessment. Actively promote the third-party control of environmental pollution and introduce social forces to invest in environmental pollution control.

　　Section II Industrial Investment Policy

　　Improve industrial policies. In accordance with the overall requirements of accelerating the transformation of economic development mode and optimizing the pattern of land spatial development, the industrial structure adjustment guidance catalogue and the foreign investment industry guidance catalogue are revised regularly. In accordance with the principles of differentiated treatment, maintaining pressure and classified guidance, we will deepen and refine the industrial policy system in view of the resource and environmental constraints in different regions. Strengthen market access standards such as energy saving, land saving, water saving, environment, technology and safety, accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity, rationally control the total energy consumption, adjust the energy structure, and promote the safe and green development and clean low-carbon utilization of traditional energy. Develop clean energy and renewable energy. Establish and improve the trading market for energy saving and carbon emission rights. Develop circular economy, and improve pollutant discharge standards and cleaner production evaluation standards in papermaking, printing and dyeing, chemical industry, building materials, nonferrous metals, tanning and other industries. Vigorously develop energy-saving and environmental protection industries and implement major technical equipment industrialization projects for energy-saving and environmental protection industries. Develop organic agriculture, ecological agriculture and forest industries such as characteristic economic forest, under-forest economy and forest tourism.

　　Optimize investment policies. We will increase investment in special areas such as comprehensive land improvement areas, key ecological function areas, and poverty-stricken areas of the old and the young, establish a multi-input incentive mechanism, scientifically guide private capital to participate in land development, protection and improvement, improve the investment income distribution mechanism, and form a joint force for land development and protection.

　　Section III Fiscal and Tax Policies

　　Improve the fiscal and taxation policies to promote farmland protection and agricultural development. Improve the compensation system for farmland protection. Increase public financial support for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and ensure the steady growth of investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Gradually increase the central government’s financial transfer payment to the main agricultural production areas. We will improve the interest compensation system in major grain producing areas and support the construction of public services and infrastructure facilities in major grain producing areas. Increase incentive funds for major grain-producing counties, improve the per capita financial level of major grain-producing counties, adjust and improve agricultural subsidy policies, focus on supporting moderate-scale grain management, and increase support for the protection of cultivated land fertility. Strengthen the effective connection between fiscal and taxation policies and rural financial policies, guide more credit funds to invest in agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and improve agricultural insurance policies.

　　Establish and improve the interest compensation mechanism to promote ecological protection. Further reform and improve the fiscal and taxation system, improve the transfer payment system, merge and standardize the existing compensation channels for ecological protection, and gradually increase the central government’s transfer payment to key ecological functional areas and investment in prohibited development areas. We will promote the establishment of a horizontal compensation mechanism for ecological protection between regions and the upper and lower reaches of the river basin, adhere to the principle of "who benefits and who compensates", and explore ways to implement ecological protection compensation for protected areas and ecological benefit areas through financial subsidies, industrial transfer, personnel training and park co-construction.

　　Chapter X Implementation of the Outline

　　The implementation of the Outline should give full play to the decisive role of the market in allocating resources, and governments at all levels should correctly perform their duties, earnestly strengthen organizational leadership, rationally allocate public resources, effectively guide social resources, improve institutional mechanisms, lay a solid foundation for implementation, and ensure the smooth completion of the objectives and tasks of the Outline.

　　The first section tamps the implementation foundation

　　Improve the planning system. On the basis of the planning of the main functional areas, coordinate all kinds of spatial planning, promote the "multi-regulation integration", formulate national and provincial land planning, and coordinate with urban and rural construction, regional development, environmental protection and other planning to promote the "multi-regulation integration" of economic and social development, urban and rural construction, land use and ecological environmental protection at the city and county levels. All regions, departments and industries should work out relevant plans and formulate relevant policies, which should be linked with the land planning in terms of land development, protection and remediation.

　　Improve the legal system. Promote the formulation and revision of relevant laws and regulations, improve the scientific, democratic and standardized planning and implementation management system, and strictly standardize the procedures for the preparation, examination and approval, implementation and revision of land planning.

　　Strengthen team building. Strengthen the research on the theory, method and technology of land planning, and promote the development of land planning discipline; We will speed up the formulation of rules, technical standards and quality standards for land planning. Establish and improve the qualification certification system for planning practitioners and institutions, and promote the construction of land planning talents and institutions; Effectively improve the professional quality of land planning technology and management talents, and improve the level of land planning management.

　　Section 2 Strengthening implementation management

　　Strengthen organizational leadership. The Ministry of Land and Resources and the National Development and Reform Commission shall, jointly with relevant departments, establish a departmental communication and consultation mechanism for the implementation of the Outline, earnestly perform their duties, strengthen the design of institutional mechanisms, coordinate the research and formulation of major policies, coordinate and solve major problems in land development, protection and rectification, and jointly promote implementation. Local people’s governments at all levels should establish and improve the working mechanism, study and formulate specific policies, measures and work plans, and fully implement the objectives and tasks of the Outline. It is necessary to strengthen the coordination and linkage between the central and local governments, clarify the division of responsibilities, and form a joint responsibility mechanism to promote implementation. Establish a performance appraisal system for the implementation of the Outline, and incorporate the implementation into the scope of supervision and inspection of the provincial people’s governments by the state land supervision institutions.

　　Promote public participation. Establish an expert consultation system, set up a widely representative expert Committee, and strengthen the consultation and demonstration of the preparation and implementation of land planning. Establish and improve the public participation system, increase publicity, enhance public awareness of the importance of scientific, efficient and intensive use of land space, improve the initiative of the whole society to participate in the implementation and supervision of the Outline, and create a good atmosphere conducive to the development and utilization of land space according to laws and regulations.

　　Strengthen supervision. The Ministry of Land and Resources and the National Development and Reform Commission should establish and improve the supervision and inspection system for the implementation of the Outline, adhere to the combination of special inspections and daily supervision and inspection, strengthen special statistics on implementation, and comprehensively and timely grasp basic data and information. We will improve the system and mechanism of land and resources investigation, evaluation and dynamic monitoring, establish a monitoring system for land spatial changes, improve survey and monitoring indicators and networks, and comprehensively monitor and evaluate the implementation of land planning. Establish a regular evaluation and dynamic adjustment mechanism for the implementation of the Outline. Establish an information release system, improve the informatization level of land planning management, and promote information sharing. Report major events to the State Council in time.

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　　1 Calculated according to the rural poverty standard of 2300 yuan per person per year (constant price in 2010).

Author/Guo Jian

For 13 consecutive days, the box office has exceeded 100 million!

On February 21st, the Spring Festival box office counterattacked, and on February 23rd, it surpassed Avengers 4 to become the 4th in the total box office list of Chinese movies. The road of Hi, Mom’s daily box office breaking through 100 million continues.

With a high reputation, this Jia Ling director’s first film, with a beautiful posture, completed the counterattack in the Spring Festival file, which is a well-deserved dark horse this year.

From Operation Red Sea in 2018 to The Wandering Earth in 2019, and then to Hi, Mom this year (hereinafter referred to as "Li Huanying"), there have been examples of arranging films against the trend by word of mouth for several consecutive years, and finally catching up with the box office.

In this "special Spring Festival" this year, under the influence of epidemic situation, the adjustment of attendance rate, the increase of movie prices all over the country, and the record-breaking pre-sale of 900 million yuan in Detective Chinatown 3 have created many uncertainties. "Li Huanying" completed its comeback through word of mouth, which shows that word of mouth has become a strong guarantee for the box office of the film in the big period.

In the previous interview, some film marketing practitioners clearly expressed the concept of "Weibo is a word of mouth" to Xiaoyu. Weibo’s important role in online word-of-mouth marketing of films is irreplaceable. "If you hit the user in the hot search, you can counterattack."

Especially this year, Weibo officials have further increased the flow support and activity operation for the contents of Spring Festival files. In this natural public domain discussion pool and the birthplace of hot spots, the pre-screening creative New Year greetings can detonate fans, call for refusing to steal photos, and also trigger discussions. After the release, the process of many film critics and creators arguing with each other has provided a fertile ground for the film to create word-of-mouth marketing.

So how many steps does it take for filmmakers to do word-of-mouth marketing in Weibo?

Before screening: bury hot spots, attract attention, tailor-made fermentation scheme to ensure pre-sale

"Life and death will be decided on the first day", which was expressed by many people in the industry when talking to film marketing practitioners in small entertainment. Even in a big schedule like the Spring Festival, it can increase the word-of-mouth fermentation time and box office fermentation space of high-quality films to a certain extent, and provide more opportunities for high-word-of-mouth films. The work before screening is still very important.

"The most important thing in the Spring Festival is the user’s attention grabbing. Even films that are confident in their own reputation need to ensure the basic disk of the first two days, so that users can have memory points and discussion points, in order to provide a breakthrough for subsequent fermentation. Otherwise, if it is not dominant in the early stage, it will be easily influenced by other word-of-mouth films and greatly reduce its ceiling. "

Therefore, in order to ensure the sound volume on the first day of release and "ignite the lead" for the subsequent rise or counterattack, the film either needs to promote the pre-sale of the film as much as possible before the screening by means of marketing, or do a good job of word-of-mouth fermentation by means of large-scale screening, and put the word-of-mouth marketing link first.

In previous years, many high-quality films adopted the latter model, such as The Wandering Earth and Ne Zha in 2019, which all completed the first wave of word-of-mouth communication with the help of pre-screening. Due to the epidemic situation this Spring Festival, except for New Gods: Nezha Reborn, which started a small-scale screening, the other films did not take this action, but focused on how to attract pre-sales with the help of star effect and the theme concept of film packaging with content materials.

On the opening day of the pre-sale on January 29th, the activity of "Weibo invites you to see a movie" launched by Weibo also "blew the east wind" for the filmmakers, which directly boosted the volume of the pre-sale of movies. Then, from February 1st to 6th, a single-film special was launched, which combined the main creative voice+welfare release+material dissemination gameplay, and it was precisely on the star effect and the concept of movies that the article was fully written.

Weibo’s powerful star resources and open square attributes have become the key points that must be grasped in the pre-screening marketing stage. Detective chinatown and Hello Li Huanying made full use of the soil in Weibo, combined with their own characteristics to build momentum and embed topics, and became the top two pre-sales of Spring Festival stalls, forming a solid first echelon.

We can find that the emphasis of "Tang Tan" before screening is feelings+family fun, and that of "Li Huanying" before screening is more focused on emotion+comedy.

As the previous work has laid a strong IP foundation, Detective Chinatown 3 has made great strides in public awareness, and the focus before screening is on awakening the memory of netizens. Weibo Film launched the # Tang Exploration Scene Imitation # Competition, and jointly created Haoran Liu and Wang Baoqiang to lead the release of customized mixed-cut videos of Tang Exploration Universe.

These marketing tactics have a clear purpose, and ordinary users have a high degree of participation, and the ugc content that imitates the roles of Sinuo and Song Yi in the previous works also connects users’ memories of exploring the universe in Tang Dynasty, further triggering netizens’ speculation about the suspense direction. The pre-sale of "Tang Detective 3" was far ahead, breaking through 100 million on the first day, and finally breaking through 900 million, achieving a record-breaking result.

At the other end, Hi, Mom starred in the star+mode in Weibo, and Jia Ling’s circle of friends went out to promote it. Jia Ling and Shen Teng, the national partners in comedy, cooperated on the big screen for the first time, which attracted the audience and was also the marketing focus in the pre-screening stage. Based on Weibo’s film operation ability, its side derivative materials have been searched for more than ten times, among which Jia Ling and Shen Teng are the laughingstock, which strengthens netizens’ understanding of the strong comedy positioning of the film.

In addition, in the pre-screening stage, "Li Huanying" completed a large number of emotional topics embedded in the Weibo. Weibo’s films, with material communication, planned and initiated topic activities such as # I and my mother’s best friend photos # and # If I talk to my mother when I was young #, which have a strong connection with the film content, emphasized the emotional emphasis of the film on family, especially maternal love, and strongly combined the film image with the daily concept of "mother". Hi, Mom’s pre-sales reached 170 million, ranking second.

In addition to these two films, the rest of the Spring Festival films also have a clear pre-screening emphasis. Taking A Writer’s Odyssey as an example, the pre-screening emphasis is to strengthen the concept of "visual effect" of the film through the rhythmic release of materials, thus completing the targeting and coverage of the audience.

On the whole, word-of-mouth marketing on the front line should focus on two directions in combination with the characteristics of Weibo’s stars and the public domain: to make clear the main characteristics of the film by brushing the face with star materials and seize the attention of users; Through topic activities, we can promote the masses to increase their interest in watching and trigger deeper content expression.

In the early stage of release: build a reputation, make a topic, and create a directional hot blasting film.

Under normal circumstances, with the release of the film, you can get more intuitive word-of-mouth feedback in the first two days. In the Spring Festival file, this process will be further compressed, and in the first day, word-of-mouth discussions about the film will be overwhelming.

This is the most important opportunity for films with word-of-mouth advantages. It is necessary to achieve "comprehensive fermentation" online with the help of the discussion and topic assistance of the people who have watched the movie, that is, to achieve word-of-mouth fission communication first, then achieve the topic detonation effect, and finally help the film counterattack.

At this stage, it is necessary to make good use of Weibo’s social media platform effect and tap strong content points; Then, with the help of its hot search influence, it will achieve the spread of breaking the circle; Finally, through its mature vertical ecology, the detonation and transformation of each circle are achieved.

Looking back at the dark horse Hi, Mom in this year’s Spring Festival, it was with the help of the initial stage of the release that the word-of-mouth fermentation was completed. Through the centralized word-of-mouth diffusion and one-stop communication in Weibo on the second and third days of the New Year’s Day, the film arrangement rose all the way, and the box office counterattack was completed in the fourth day, and the film arrangement counterattack was reached in the fifth day.

According to the statistics of Entertainment, Li Huanying’s hot search in Weibo was 4 times, 12 times and 11 times respectively on the first day, the second day and the third day of New Year’s Eve, and all the hot search topics reached the first place within three days, and continued to be on the list for a long time, and there was a significant concentrated outbreak in the last two days. Accompanied by this, the arrangement of Li Huanying rose from 20.6% in Grade Two to 26.5% in Grade Three, and even to 35% in Grade Four.

Taking stock of the types of these hot topics, Weibo basically digs them in three aspects: the creative direction, the plot direction and the emotional direction.

It is the best topic rule under the attention economy to create content and focus on stars. Li Huanying, on the other hand, shows a clear understanding of content and changes in stage play.

Unlike "Jia Ling and Shen Teng", the topic of this stage shifted to "Jia Ling and Zhang Xiaofei", and many stars such as # Zhang Xiaofei Acting #, # Jia Ling Zhang Xiaofei’s Immortal Friendship # and # Zhang Xiaofei’s My Treasure # were obviously more in line with the content of the film, which helped the audience who watched the film to participate in more content-oriented discussions.

Plot-to-topic was born, and hot searches for plots such as # Mom used to know everything #, # Hello Li Huanying Details # and # Li Huanying bought a convertible for her mother at the end further stimulated the audience to dig up the details of the film and express their emotions, which gave birth to the emergence of subsequent emotions to the topic.

# See Hello, Sequel of Li Huanying #, # See Hello, Li Huanying, Don’t wear eye makeup #, # See Li Huanying crying his mask wet # and other movie-watching feeling topics further amplify the touching nature of the film, and directly ignite the curiosity of those who didn’t watch the movie: What kind of movie is so crying? Why can comedy movies be so touching?

With the help of Weibo’s hot search, users’ cognition of "Li Huanying" changed from comedy movies and jokes before screening to moving movies and crying after screening, which virtually completed a deeper hit on users. This cognitive change is natural and stable, and it also keeps the word-of-mouth fermentation of the film heating up.

At the same time, Li Huanying, with the help of a series of operation activities initiated by Weibo after its release, has promoted the expansion of the audience. # How long has it been since you hugged your mother # and other topic activities have further strengthened the connection between the film and the real mother, and the launch of the # Parents Dressing Contest # activity has amplified the elements of the film in the 1980s. All this virtually conveys the concept of "taking parents into the cinema to watch Li Huanying together" to users, and promotes the continuous extension of the audience of the film.

Observing The Crowd in the third echelon in the pre-sale stage, with the help of word-of-mouth marketing in Weibo at the early stage of release, the situation that the film was squeezed was effectively improved. On the third day of New Year’s Eve, with the further fermentation of its word of mouth, the film director Rao Xiaozhi made a sound in Weibo. Subsequently, # Crowded Director made a sound for arranging films # and ranked ninth in hot search, which enhanced the topic attention of this film. Then # Crowded Word of Mouth # boarded hot search, which made its film arrangement and box office rise in the second half of the schedule.

In addition, the film can further expand the audience with the help of Weibo’s mature vertical segmentation system, and become a design aesthetics blogger.

@ Cold Dog makes A Writer’s Odyssey’s creative model, and @ Big Sheep BOBO’s cartoon portrait of "Li Huanying" becomes popular, so users in this field can learn about the film information in their own fields of concern.

Through the case of Spring Festival movies, it can be found that the first release of the film is the most critical period for word-of-mouth marketing. With the detailed content discussion and the release of word-of-mouth topics, two things need to be done in Weibo at this stage: First, with the help of the platform’s one-stop topic fermentation ability, accurately penetrate the user base; The second is to expand the film coverage group with the help of Weibo’s operation activities and vertical subdivision ecology.

In the later stage of release: it is the key to create the atmosphere, protect the long tail and continue the ip value.

After the topic was embedded before the screening, the topic exploded in the early stage of the screening, and the focus of the later stage of the screening was to maintain the heat. After all, the long tail effect also has a great influence on the box office.

At this stage, the focus is on creating an atmosphere for the whole people to watch movies, making word-of-mouth films a social pass, and attracting people who have not watched movies to enter the cinema for the purpose of "participating in social discussions".

At this time, what needs to be grasped online is Weibo’s strong social effect. Through activities to create hot spots, social topic derivation and other programs, word-of-mouth films are well preserved in terms of national degree and topic degree.

On February 11th, Weibo officially launched the Spring Festival film criticism contest for the whole station and the commentary contest for film bloggers, which is an opportunity for the majority of filmmakers to harvest the "long tail effect", which can realize the word-of-mouth fermentation of movies and generate more hot spots after the film is released. Among the star film critics invited by Weibo, Yi Nengjing supported his sister group Wan Qian’s "Crowd" with film reviews, which helped the film to make a turnaround in film arrangement and word of mouth.

Taking Hi, Mom as an example, following the participation of creative artists in topics and activities, a large number of non-creative stars joined the movie-watching army. Viya sent a long review of Li Huanying, and asked # Viya to send a long article about Li Huanying # to reach the top of the hot search, which won 730 million readings. Huang Xiaoming made a film review to take photos of his mother, and Bai Jingting made a clever reply to netizens’ comments … The emotional expression of tap water in these circles has been on the hot search in Weibo many times, which further triggered the upsurge of the whole people’s participation in watching.

Weibo is also inviting more creative people to create new social discussion points. On the eighth day of the Lunar New Year, Sina Entertainment invited Jia Ling and Zhang Xiaofei to start a live online broadcast. The total viewing volume of this live broadcast exceeded 10 million, and the total interaction volume exceeded 1.8 million, which gave birth to a large number of new topics. During the activity, the discussion volume reached 300,000+,and the hot search was on the list for more than 7 times. Zhang Xiaofei’s interesting response to a large number of netizens’ "I can’t afford it" even soared to the top of the hot search.

At the same time, with the rising of the box office of Li Huanying in the later period, Jia Ling became the first female directors to enter the top ten of the box office list, and new topics such as the debut movie "Big Bang" enabled Li Huanying to maintain diversified social discussions, which helped the film achieve the high-quality long tail effect of box office breaking 100 million for 13 consecutive days.

Weibo’s strategy for IP films is different from that of Li Huanying. In the later stage of release, he further strengthened the concept of IP universe and paid more attention to attracting the audience to pay attention to the subsequent development and serialization of the films.

Taking Detective Chinatown 3 as an example, the later operation activities focused on extending the influence of "Tang Detective IP", fully combining the types of suspense crimes in the film, the details in the film and the eggs at the end, which triggered a series of discussions such as the audience’s routine analysis of the role, the analysis of the world view of the film, and the subsequent plot prediction.

Through the participation of the main creator and the discussion of the film critics, topics such as # What is Qin Feng’s father’s identity #, # Is Sinuo Q#, # Tang Tan 3 Reasoning Line #, # Tang Tan 4 London #, # Haoran Liu Q in my hand # have been listed on the hot search. Such a strong sense of "to be continued" not only makes the exploration of the universe by Tang Dynasty more concrete and stereoscopic in Weibo, but also arouses the audience’s expectation for the follow-up content, and also leads to the discussion of film serialization and industrialization, which is of far-reaching value to the industry.

It can be seen that the key to the film’s later release is to constantly explore new topics to ensure the long tail effect. Weibo, a strong social platform, should be used to create a sense of social currency for films, and at the same time help the diversified development of the IP film universe, and create an atmosphere for discussion among the whole people. In suspense, it is necessary to do enough guidance.

On the whole, if a film wants to do a good job of word-of-mouth marketing online, it needs to make use of Weibo’s key words of publicity, media and sociality, and combine its own characteristics to ferment the topic at all stages. As long as we can grasp the characteristics of the film that most impress the audience and enlarge it in different links, high-quality films can shine.

China Economic Weekly reporter Shi Qingchuan Zhang Yuxuan

With the announcement of the survey results, the "Red Code Incident" of Henan Health Code has come to an end temporarily, but the warning and reflection brought by this incident will have a far-reaching impact.

Back to the beginning and end of the incident: Recently, after several depositors from rural banks who entered Henan from outside the province arrived in Zhengzhou, Henan’s health code changed from green to red, and they could not participate in social activities normally. It is reported that due to the "difficulty in withdrawing money" in several local village banks earlier, the purpose of these depositors’ trip is to communicate withdrawal matters. In addition to the rights-defending depositors who arrived in Zhengzhou from outside the province, some depositors who did not go to Zhengzhou also experienced the situation that Henan health code was inexplicably "red".

The issue that rights-defending depositors have been given a red code has not subsided, and there have been cases where local rights-defending owners of uncompleted residential flats have been given a red code. Many rights owners reported to the reporter of China Economic Weekly that they had encountered the same situation of "red code blocking the road" as rights depositors.

Many days after the "Red Code" incident of Henan Health Code was fermented, local authorities successively investigated the matter. On June 17th, Zhengzhou Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection "Qingfeng Zhengzhou" WeChat WeChat official account released a message saying that the supervision committee of Zhengzhou Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection initiated the investigation and accountability procedure in view of the problem that some rural bank depositors’ health codes were given red codes recently.

On June 18th, police in Xuchang City, Henan Province informed that Henan New Fortune Group Investment Holding Co., Ltd., which was involved in the current "Code Red" incident, had been put on file for investigation in April this year, and preliminary investigation progress has been made.

On June 22nd, the Zhengzhou Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection released the investigation report again, and announced the investigation results of the "Red Code Incident". Many responsible persons, including Feng Xianbin, executive deputy secretary of the Political and Legal Committee of Zhengzhou Municipal Committee, and Zhang Linlin, secretary of the Communist Youth League Committee, were dismissed, warned and recorded.

After depositors, rights owners were given a red code. Respondents | Photo courtesy

Community:

Departments with greater authority are not allowed to turn green.

Ms. Wu told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that her Yukang code turned red inexplicably, and then turned green inexplicably, and she had no idea what was going on. Ms. Wu believes that her Yukang code may turn red because of a rights protection in April this year.

According to Ms. Wu, there are still many people around her who have become red inexplicably, and what they have in common with the depositors of the above-mentioned rural banks is that they have all gone to the Henan Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau to defend their rights.

Ms. Wu bought the house of Sunac Zhongyuan Daguan Phase II, but the building has been shut down since October last year, and the whole building shows no signs of resuming work so far. Therefore, Ms. Wu, together with other owners, put forward a request for returning to work to the petition department. Because she suspected that the supervision funds of the property might be illegally transferred, Ms. Wu and other owners went to the Henan Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau to make a complaint.

Ms. Wu believes that it was this complaint that made her Yukang code "red" on June 12, which restricted her freedom of travel. The red Yukang code showed that the reason for its redness was "returning from abroad". Ms. Wu said that she has never been out of Henan Province during this time, and it is even more impossible to leave the country.

The same thing happened to Qin Hong, who was a colleague when Ms. Wu complained, and her Yu Kang code turned red on June 12th. Qin Hong’s family not only has a seriously ill old man who is about to undergo surgery, but also has a student who needs to take an important exam. The red Yukang code has undoubtedly caused a lot of trouble to this family. Qin Hong can’t send the elderly at home to the hospital for medical treatment, nor can he send his children to take the exam.

During this process, the local epidemic prevention and control department did not contact Qin Hong. She repeatedly called 12320 to try to find out what was going on. After many contacts, Qin Hong finally conducted two nucleic acid tests according to the requirements of the community, and signed a "guarantee" as required before transcoding.

Qin Hong told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that in this "guarantee", the signer should guarantee that he did not deposit money in the village bank and that he would not petition online or offline. Subsequently, the community staff uploaded the nucleic acid results and "guarantee" in their system, and her Yukang code was successfully restored to green.

But Qin Hong’s green code turned red again an hour later. After seeing the Yukang code turn red again, she came to the community to try to explain the situation. But this time, the reply given by the community staff made her unable to understand: "The community told me that it is estimated that the department with greater authority will not allow us to change the green code for the time being, and they dare not operate in this case."

Shanshan, who is also the owner of Sunac Zhongyuan Grand View, also suffered from the reddening of Yukang code. She also found another strange thing: "This red code may be changed according to the household registration book. Our family accounts are all together. After I turned red, all three of our families became red codes. But there is an owner whose household registration is independent. After he turns red, the family he lives with is still green. " This situation has also been confirmed by Ms. Wu, who said that her family members in the same household registration book have also become red codes.

When Shanshan applied for transcoding, it was also "strange". She tried to apply for transcoding on her mobile phone, but the mobile phone showed that she didn’t need to apply for transcoding. Later, she came to the community to apply for transcoding, and the community staff also told her that the system showed that it was a green code and could not apply for transcoding.

Left: Some owners of red code can’t apply for transcoding by themselves. Right: The big data travel card of owners of red code and the results of nucleic acid test show normal respondents | Photo courtesy

Space-time intersection of rights protection between owners of uncompleted residential flats and depositors of rural banks

The red code immediately caused an uproar among the owners. Some owners posted relevant information to social media platforms, but they were warned by a staff member who claimed to be Sunac. The chat record that the owner showed to the reporter showed that the "staff member" said that the owner of the red code was a depositor of a village bank, and his Yukang code turned red has nothing to do with other things, so he was advised to be rational and delete relevant information in time.

However, Ms. Wu, Qin Hong and Shanshan all denied this statement: they have never handled the savings business in the relevant village banks, and they have never had business contacts. They have to talk about the contact with village banks. They only visited the Henan Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau in April when defending their rights, and this time happened to meet the depositors of village banks. The reporter immediately contacted the Henan Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau through public channels, but the department did not answer the phone.

This kind of situation is also not a case. Shanshan told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that she had met other real estate activists during the process of complaining to the banking insurance supervision department. An owner of the Kangqiao Jiuxi Garden project also showed his record that Yukang code turned red.

The owner of the Kangqiao Jiuxiyuan project said that on June 8, he and other owners went to the relevant banks and government departments to reflect the project funding problems, during which personal information such as name, contact information and ID card were registered.

Hu Qi, the owner of the Grand View of the Central Plains, also told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that in his circle of friends, three other owners of the famous Cuiyuan also appeared the situation that Yukang code turned red due to complaints.

So far, according to the reporter of China Economic Weekly, at least eight owners have been given a red code for defending the rights of uncompleted residential flats.

It is worth noting that with the concern that depositors were given red codes, these rights owners turned red codes into green codes on the afternoon of June 14.

Qin Hong and Shanshan said that because their lives were greatly affected, they were very anxious at that time. They had a nucleic acid test and reported to the community. After two days of red code, they saw that Yukang code returned to normal at around 1 pm on the 14th.

Ms. Wu, on the other hand, said that since no department had contacted her for isolation, she had been in her home isolation state and did not do anything, but on the afternoon of the 14th, her Yukang code automatically returned to normal.

At present, although the Yukang codes of these owners have returned to normal, the fact that Yukang codes have turned red has left a shadow in their hearts. Although Hu Qi’s Yukang code has not become red, he said that he was a little scared when he remembered it, and he didn’t know who else he could turn to for help when the building he bought stopped working.

How should the personnel entering Henan assign codes?

"Entering Henan means giving yellow code", which is the local health code management regulation for foreigners entering and returning to Henan since March this year. The Henan Provincial Health and Health Commission once issued a propaganda message saying, "Be careful when traveling in an epidemic situation ‘ Line ’ — — When you land, you will be given a yellow code. "

According to the report of Henan Daily in March this year, the Office of Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarters in COVID-19, Henan Province issued a notice, requesting that from March 22nd, health management measures such as assigning yellow codes to health codes in Henan Province, twice-daily nucleic acid testing and so on should be adopted for those who have returned to Henan from outside the province. Follow the principle of "provincial coding, territorial control and convenient decoding".

However, this batch of defenders who entered Henan was "given a red code when they landed". The management policies of red code and yellow code are very different, and the coding rules of red code are also different from those of yellow code.

According to the document "Henan Province Health Code Coding Rules (Second Edition)", the coding rules of red code are related to confirmed cases, asymptomatic infected persons, close contacts and sub-close contacts, overseas visitors to Henan, residents in high-risk areas, time and space companions, etc.

In addition, according to the definition description of the red-code personnel in the information of Henan Provincial People’s Government Network, the red-code personnel also include suspected cases, people who have lived in medium-and high-risk areas in China in the past 14 days, and other high-risk personnel who need emergency tracking and isolation management during the emergency response to the epidemic.

However, in this incident of being given a red code, it is obviously not in compliance with the above provisions to give a red code to the parties who have entered Henan at home and abroad. These people who are given the red code are not only difficult to enter Henan through conventional channels, but even if they are given the red code when they land in Henan, according to the relevant regulations, these people are faced with a situation where they are unable to move and need to be isolated for medical observation.

Who gave the red code?

Staff: The large-scale red code assignment should be operated by the superior epidemic prevention and control command department.

According to public data, the health code of Henan Province is guided by the provincial administrative examination and approval and government information administration (formerly Henan Big Data Administration, hereinafter referred to as the Information Administration).

According to the staff of the bureau, the Information Management Bureau is only a technical support unit for health codes, and business-level issues such as the coding and transcoding of health codes do not belong to the functional scope of the bureau.

For these people who were given the red code, the staff member said: "If Zhengzhou pushes data, it should be pushed from Zhengzhou Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarters. If these data meet the red code trigger conditions in the system, they will automatically turn into red codes, and the Information Administration will not intervene manually."

The reporter has repeatedly contacted the relevant departments of local epidemic prevention and control. According to an epidemic prevention and control staff in shangjie district, Zhengzhou City, the epidemic prevention and control command department does have the authority to assign codes manually, but such large-scale red codes should be operated by the provincial or municipal epidemic prevention and control command department.

The staff member said that the manual coding is based on the flow information of the personnel and the contact with the confirmed cases, and the number is small; Batch coding is generally automatically generated by the system, "after all, the amount of data is huge, which is not handled by human kinetic energy." There is a precedent before the situation that foreigners are given a red code before they arrive in Henan. The system judges that people have arrived in Henan, so they are given a red code. There may be such a mechanism in the system.

On June 22nd, the Zhengzhou Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection issued a circular through the WeChat WeChat official account certified by "Qingfeng Zhengzhou", which put an end to this series of speculations.

According to the notification information, after the investigation of the "Red Code Incident", Feng Xianbin, executive deputy secretary of the Political and Legal Committee of Zhengzhou Municipal Committee, director of the social control and guidance department of the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control headquarters, secretary of the Communist Youth League Committee and deputy director of the social control and guidance department of the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control headquarters, Zhang Linlin decided to come to Zheng Fuhong for depositors of some village banks without authorization, and arranged for Zhao Yong, director of the stability and guidance department of the Political and Legal Committee of Zhengzhou Municipal Committee, member of the Municipal Big Data Bureau, leader of the health code management group of the social control and guidance department of the municipal epidemic prevention and control headquarters, and deputy general manager

Health code is abused.

Does it constitute a crime of abuse of power?

According to the statistics of Zhengzhou Discipline Inspection Commission, a total of 1,317 depositors of rural banks were given red codes in the "Red Code Incident", of which 446 were given red codes when they entered Zhengzhou and 871 were given red codes when they were not in Zhengzhou but sent by others.

However, the situation that the rights owners of uncompleted residential flats were given a red code did not appear in this investigation report. Many netizens questioned that the responsible person of the local government used the health code red code to stop these defenders from going to the local area and restrict the activities of defenders in the local area.

According to the investigation report of Zhengzhou Discipline Inspection Commission, Feng Xianbin, Zhang Linlin, Chen Chong, Yang Yaohuan, Zhao Yong and other comrades have a weak awareness of the rule of law and rules. They violate the Management Measures for Health Codes in COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention and Control in Henan Province and the transcoding rules for health codes, and arbitrarily assign red codes to people who do not meet the conditions for assigning codes, which seriously damages the seriousness of the regulations on the management and use of health codes and causes serious adverse social impact. It is a typical disorderly act, and Comrade Feng Xianbin and Comrade Zhang Linlin are respectively responsible for this.

According to "Regulations on Disciplinary Actions in the Communist Party of China (CPC)" and "Law on Administrative Actions of Public Officials in People’s Republic of China (PRC)", it was decided through research that Comrade Feng Xianbin was dismissed from his post in the Party and removed from his post in government affairs; Give Comrade Zhang Linlin a serious warning within the party and demotion of government affairs; Give Comrade Chen Chong a greater punishment for government affairs; Give Yang Yaohuan and Zhao Yong a demerit in government affairs.

In addition to disciplinary action, is it suspected of violating the criminal law for the relevant responsible person to give a red code to defenders without authorization? This has also triggered widespread discussion in society.

After the epidemic in COVID-19, there has been a more targeted judicial interpretation of illegal and criminal acts related to epidemic prevention and control. According to the relevant provisions of "Opinions on Punishing Illegal Crimes that Hinder the Prevention and Control of Pneumonia in novel coronavirus" published by the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, Ministry of Public Security and Ministry of Justice, in the prevention and control of the epidemic situation, if the staff of state organs who are responsible for organizing, coordinating, directing, disaster investigation, control, medical treatment, information transmission, transportation and material support abuse their powers or neglect their duties, resulting in heavy losses to public property, the state and people’s interests, it shall be in accordance with the relevant criminal law.

Wei Jingfeng, deputy director of Beijing Hehong Weiyu Law Firm, analyzed in an interview with China Economic Weekly that if there is subjective intention in the event that defenders are given a red code, and the consequences are serious, it may constitute a crime.

Wei Jingfeng believes that the behavior of the responsible person should at least be an abuse of power by setting obstacles to defenders through the means of assigning red codes to health codes, and whether it constitutes a crime should be determined in combination with the actual judicial situation. According to the current information, the specific losses in this incident can’t be identified for the time being, but there may be circumstances in the relevant laws that "seriously damage the national reputation or cause bad social impact" and "other circumstances that cause heavy losses to public property, the state and the people’s interests", which need to be judged in combination with the detailed investigation results.

(Except Wei Jingfeng, at the request of the interviewee, all the others are pseudonyms. )

(This article was published in China Economic Weekly, No.12, 2022)

The cover of the 12th issue of China Economic Weekly in 2022.

　　On the morning of December 1st, local time, the IDF issued a statement saying that the Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) violated the temporary ceasefire agreement and opened fire into Israel. The IDF has resumed its military strike against Hamas in the Gaza. According to the news released by the Israeli army, Israeli fighter planes are currently attacking Hamas targets in the Gaza. There is no response from Hamas at present.

　　In addition, according to the Israel Times, since Israel’s military operations have resumed, the IDF has announced restrictions on schools in the southern and central parts of the country.

　　According to Israel Today, the temporary ceasefire agreement in the Gaza Strip expired at 7: 00 local time on December 1st (13: 00 Beijing time on the 1st), and neither Israel nor Hamas announced the extension of the ceasefire agreement.

　　Earlier, the US Wall Street Journal reported on November 30th local time that Egyptian officials said on the same day that Israel and Hamas had agreed to extend the temporary ceasefire to the eighth day. (Headquarters reporter Zhao Bing Wang Weiwei)

CCTV News:Recently, there have been many local epidemics in the country, and some areas have taken measures to control freight vehicles in layers and across the board, resulting in blocked freight and poor logistics. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Transport said that at present, all localities have been required to coordinate the prevention and control of the epidemic situation and the smooth passage of truck drivers, and accurately implement the control of truck traffic.

According to the Ministry of Transport, at present, in some areas, all trucks with medium and high risk areas are simply advised to return, and all trucks with green communication trip codes but asterisks are advised to return. The passes issued by epidemic-affected areas are not recognized across provinces, resulting in poor truck traffic.

Cai Tuanjie, Director of the Transportation Services Department of the Ministry of Transport:We have given a clear method for truck drivers whose trip codes are green but with stars, stipulating that truck drivers should inform the freight destination 24 hours in advance before arriving at the freight destination, and the owner unit should report to the local community. Closed management shall be implemented from the expressway exit to the unloading place to ensure no contact with the station and local personnel, so as to ensure the safety of epidemic prevention and control.

At the same time, due to the closure of some epidemic-affected areas and some expressway service areas, truck drivers are stranded on the expressway. The Ministry of Transport requires all localities to do their best to ensure the service of stranded truck drivers and provide basic living services such as catering and toilet for drivers in time.

The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Transport said that at present, the management and control information is opaque, and the pass processing is inconvenient and not universal.

Cai Tuanjie, Director of the Transportation Services Department of the Ministry of Transport:It is necessary to establish a pass system with a unified format, national mutual recognition and convenient handling, so as to ensure that the pass can be handled nationwide online.

In addition, the Ministry of Transport explicitly requires all localities to set up epidemic prevention inspection points scientifically and standardized, and set up mobile nucleic acid inspection points in encryption to facilitate the passage of trucks; It is strictly forbidden to set up epidemic prevention inspection points in the main line and service area of the expressway; It is strictly forbidden to shut down the expressway service area without authorization to ensure the smooth flow of the national transportation trunk lines.

In view of the practical problems such as blocked freight and poor logistics, the special class of traffic control and transportation guarantee has set up a 24-hour duty system to coordinate all units to solve the practical problems encountered by enterprises and drivers, and fully guarantee the smooth transportation of freight logistics, especially the key production materials such as medical prevention and control materials and daily necessities.

　　Recently, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the mobilization meeting on the study and education of party history that "all party comrades should learn from history, enhance their trust, respect morality and practice, learn from history, understand ideas, do practical things and start a new game, strive to start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way with high spirits, and greet the centenary of the founding of the party with excellent results." Pointed out the purpose and significance of carrying out the study and education activities of party history. A comprehensive and accurate understanding of the scientific connotation and core meaning of "understanding history, enhancing trust, respecting history and practicing history" is of great significance for carrying out the party history study and education activities of party member cadres, truly achieving the effect of "understanding, enhancing trust, respecting morality and practicing", and providing a strong spiritual force for struggling to start a new journey of modernization in Socialism with Chinese characteristics and realize the second century goal.

　　Learning history and understanding: Through the study and education of Party history, party member cadres can deeply understand the historical truth that "only the Communist Party of China (CPC) can save China, only Socialism with Chinese characteristics can develop China, and only by upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics can we realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation"."If you want to know the road, you must first make history". The century-old party history is not only a history of hard struggle, but also a history of theoretical innovation and self-construction. The centenary of our Party is a centenary in which we are determined to carry out our initial mission, a centenary in which we laid the foundation for our career, and a centenary in which we created brilliance and opened up the future. Over the past century, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has led the people of China to cope with all kinds of difficulties and risk tests, constantly cutting through thorns and realizing the great leap of the Chinese nation from standing up, getting rich and becoming strong; In the past hundred years, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has always held high the banner of Marxism, and constantly promoted the China of Marxism according to the reality of China, constantly promoted theoretical innovation and theoretical creation, and constantly opened up a new realm of Marxism, resulting in Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development and the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, which provided scientific theoretical guidance for the development of the cause of the party and the people; Over the past century, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has developed from a small party composed of more than 50 people to the largest party in the world composed of more than 91 million party member. Therefore, if party member cadres learn the history of the party well for a century, they can deeply understand why the Communist Party of China (CPC) is "able", why Marxism is "good" and why socialism is "good". We can deeply understand that "there is no new China without the Communist Party of China (CPC)" "It is an irrefutable historical truth that only socialism can save China and only Socialism with Chinese characteristics can develop China. Only by accurately grasping this truth can we better understand where we come from and where we are going; Only by summing up historical experience and grasping historical laws can we enhance the courage and strength to forge ahead.

　　Learning history and enhancing trust: through the study and education of party history, the "four self-confidences" of party member cadres will be enhanced.General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that history is the best textbook and the best sobering agent. As an important part of the history of the Chinese nation, the history of the Party is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s precious spiritual wealth. We should seek theoretical nourishment and spiritual support from the study and education of Party history, and strengthen our faith in Marxism, Socialism with Chinese characteristics and communism, and loyalty to the Party and the people. A profound insight into our Party’s persistence, historical sobriety, scientific attitude and broad-minded vision in dealing with major choices, major turning points and major setbacks will certainly help us to clarify the historical context, recognize the historical truth and understand the pulse of the times, and will certainly help us to deeply love the Party’s patriotic feelings from the depths of our souls and further strengthen Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road confidence, theoretical confidence, institutional confidence and cultural confidence. Through the study and education activities on the history of the Party in the past century, we should make the cadres in party member deeply realize how our party has made repeated comparisons and summaries in the course of a hundred years, and has firmly and persistently chosen Marxism and the socialist road; How to combine the basic principles of Marxism with China’s reality and the characteristics of the times, go its own way independently, and usher in a great leap from the founding, development to perfection of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, which will further strengthen the "four self-confidences".

　　Learning history and respecting morality: party member cadres should be strong through studying and educating the history of the party for a hundred years.Adhere to the concept of "Jiangshan is the people, and the people are Jiangshan" and improve their moral cultivation.Through the study and education of the history of the Party in the past century, the leading cadres in party member should answer the historical question of "Who am I, for whom, and whom to rely on", and be virtuous, strict in public morality and self-respecting. Looking back from the epoch-making of the founding of the Party, to the epoch-making of the founding of New China, to the earth-shaking reform and opening up, and to the brilliant achievements made by the Party and the state since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the fundamental reason is that the Communist Party of China (CPC) has always adhered to the initial intention and mission of seeking happiness for the people of China and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. The century-old party history fully proves that Jiangshan is the people and the people are Jiangshan. Party member must always put people’s interests in the highest position, take people’s yearning for a better life as the goal, and unite the 1.4 billion China people into a majestic force to promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the century-long history of the Party, countless outstanding communist party people, such as Li Dazhao, Qu Qiubai, Fang Zhimin, Xia Minghan, Liu Zhidan, Zuo Quan, Yang Jingyu and Zhao Yiman, died heroically for national independence and people’s liberation, and this spirit of courageously succeeding before others has created the noble character of the Communists. Understanding this spirit from the party history will help to better temper personal private morality, cultivate public morality for the people and build a strong party spirit, and regard loyalty and cleanliness as the highest standard and code of conduct for practicing the initial mission.

　　Learning from history: Learning from the history of the Party should keep pace with the times and practice, stimulate the spirit of struggle in tackling difficulties, enhance the ability of struggle, improve the ability to cope with risks and overcome challenges, and push forward all undertakings.The purpose of party history study and education is to arm the minds of party member cadres with the Party’s innovative theory, enhance the political beliefs, red genes and ruling ability of party member cadres, and deepen the understanding of the inherent requirements and profound connotations of the century-old party history, so as to strengthen the ideals and beliefs, build up the purpose and feelings, shoulder the initial mission, achieve the work requirements of learning party history, understanding ideas, doing practical things and starting a new game, safeguard the fundamental interests of the broad masses of the people, and make a good start for Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s new modernization journey. Therefore, it is important to learn the history of the Party to "learn the history and practice" and constantly turn the learning results of the history of the Party into the driving force for doing practical things, doing practical things and doing things. Understanding is the premise, increasing trust is the guarantee, respecting morality is the driving force, and practicing is the ultimate goal and mission. Therefore, to learn the history of the Party, we must first learn from the depth, the reality, the mechanics and the heart. Learning the history of the Party advocates practicing, values practicing, adheres to the integration of learning history and work, and integrates the achievements, methods and quality of learning into serving the people, performing their duties, taking responsibility and doing things in a down-to-earth manner, so as to make a good start in promoting the new journey of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s modernization. (Author: Ren Wei, Associate Professor, School of Marxism, Xi ‘an University of Technology)

　　How many concerts are there in Beijing on May 2024?

　　A: I have held 10 concerts in Beijing.

　　| Date of performance |

　　May 18th (6th)-19th (Sunday)-21st (2nd)-22nd (3rd)-24th (5th)-25th (6th)-26th (Sunday)-30th (4th)-31st (5th) and June 1st (6th), 2024.

　　| Performance venue |

　　Beijing National Stadium (Bird’s Nest)

　　| Ticketing time |

　　2024/04/27 13:55

　　Fanwan Island and Barley are on sale simultaneously.

　　There is a kind of friendship called Mayday.

　　There is a gathering called the homing of stubborn birds.

　　Every day in May is May Day! Listen to Mayday in May! Nothing can stop the reunion of the summer bird’s nest and Mayday! In May, 2023, we met again after a long separation, and as scheduled, we brought a concert with two themes: "I really want to see you" and "Noah’s Ark 10th Anniversary Evolution Reproduction Edition", with a total of 6 nights of record bird’s nest carnival! It is agreed that we will meet again soon. CMC Live and Believe Music jointly announced that May Day will be held on May 18th, 19th, 21st, 22nd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 30th, 31st and 1st June, 2024, and 10 spectacular performances will bring a new theme tour "MAYDAY #5525 LIVE TOUR [Back to that day] 25th anniversary concert tour.

Special feature of 1905 film network Have you heard of "Tea No.2 Middle School"?

What is "Tea No.2 Middle School"?

"ah? You haven’t seen an animated series yet? "

"It is a hilarious anime online drama" Tea No.2 Middle School "based on the middle school attached to Northeast Normal University and taken from the campus theme of Changchun’s famous tea. The big movie of the same name will be released on July 14!"

Tea, past lives in No.2 Middle School.

The title of "Tea No.2 Middle School" is taken from the ancient name of "Tea No.2 Middle School" in Changchun. There are various landmarks in Changchun in the film, such as the Middle School Attached to Northeast Normal University, Cultural Square, Nanhu Park, Liberation Monument and so on. The integration of real scenes makes the film more authentic.

The sense of comedy and youth in the movie "Tea No.2 Middle School" benefited from all the Northeast people in the creative team. The director and screenwriter said: "At the beginning, more than 80% of our team’s partners were basically Northeasters. Let our characters speak the Northeast dialect, we feel more real and close, and telling the Northeast story is more credible. "

Other people’s youth is a bit beautiful, and yours is a bit funny. Xia Mingze, the director and screenwriter of the play, said: "In fact, at the beginning, we also wanted to do other topics, but when we talked about stories in meetings, we always went off topic unconsciously, talked about school, and then everyone’s chatterboxes opened. Everyone is willing to share some unforgettable and interesting stories from school. Since everyone is so willing to recall the time on campus, why not make it? So in the end, everyone hit it off and decided to be such a comedy on a youth campus. "

Recommended by many cinema managers before screening.

Recommended by many well-known filmmakers

Many animated series have a high reputation.

Tea No.2 Middle School Season 1

Tea No.2 Middle School Season 2

Tea No.2 Middle School Men’s Bedroom 501

Tea No.2 Middle School Instant Noodles Fan

The series of "Tea No.2 Middle School" with super high reputation was rated as the first IP on campus by the audience.

Now, the big movie "Tea No.2 Middle School" will be released soon, focusing on the students’ stories of junior high school life. Can the audience buy it again? Can the high reputation of the original series continue?

I heard that Nezha and Ao Bing joined in ~

When the "scum" has the right to speak in class

Judging from the feedback from the release of the first wave of publicity materials, the film is excellent in comedy and movie viewing. The preview shows the funny story of how the role of teachers and students is exchanged and how the scum can "solve problems" for all beings after taking power.

For example, Wang Qiang, who wears the head teacher, bluntly advises the principal, "There should be classes on Saturday and Sunday!" Then he added: "Monday to Friday, holidays." This suggestion caused laughter from netizens, and some people commented, "This suggestion is bursting in the whole expert community."

This is a comedy presentation of a very small part of the film. I believe that the audience will be amused by more wonderful and funny plots when watching the movie.

The first big movie was released in nine years.

Tea No.2 Middle School has faced many challenges from an animated drama series to a big screen. Before, the accuracy of the design of characters, scenes and props by the creative team was relatively low. Facing the demand of movie big screen creation, the accuracy of the previous design of characters, scenes and props was far from enough.

For this reason, the creative team upgraded all the old asset models and maps. According to the introduction of the creative team, for example, the hair of a character used to be a face like plasticine, but now the hair of the character seen on the big screen is added with fine hair.

If the script of an animated drama series is a 300-word essay written by primary school students, it may be relatively complete with a little bit of rationality. But for movies, it is more like a composition for the college entrance examination, at least 800 words. Moreover, these more than 800 words must not be a running account of jokes and paragraphs, but a completely original story. To this end, the behind-the-scenes team of "Tea No.2 Middle School" can be described as "grinding a sword in ten years".

From drama to film is a brand-new upgrade. Team introduction: "What we have been insisting on is authenticity, and the other is that we want to make a 100% pure comedy, and we don’t want it to have the feeling of preaching or forcibly sensational."

Xiao Bian also hopes that when you think of Tea No.2 Middle School, the first thing that comes to mind is happiness ~

Welcome to [Autohome Wuhan Discount Promotion Channel], here we bring you the latest and attractive car purchase discount information. This hardcore SUV is in an unprecedented promotion in Wuhan, with a maximum discount of an astonishing 30,000 yuan. It is heartening that the starting price has been adjusted to a very competitive 209,800 yuan. For consumers who are interested in buying a Beijing BJ60, this is undoubtedly a great opportunity not to be missed. To seize this benefit, you may wish to click "Chatty Car Price" in the quotation form immediately to get a higher discount. Hurry up and act!

The exterior design of Beijing BJ60 adheres to the classic style of Beijing off-road. The front face is tough and the grille is decorated with a large area of chrome, showing the perfect combination of strength and refinement. Its body proportions are coordinated and the lines are smooth. The overall style not only inherits the off-road gene, but also integrates the modern urban atmosphere, which is very recognizable.

As a delicate and practical SUV model, the Beijing BJ60’s body size has reached 5040mm*1955mm*1925mm, showing the majestic body lines. The 2820mm wheelbase provides a good foundation for the interior space and ensures the comfort of passengers. The front and rear wheelbases are 1620mm and 1640mm respectively, ensuring the stability and handling of the vehicle during driving. The tire specification is 265/65 R18, which can provide ample grip in both urban road and off-road environments. The wheel rim design continues the hard-edged style of the Beijing BJ60, which complements the overall body shape and shows the perfect fusion of power and aesthetics.

The interior design of Beijing BJ60 fully reflects the coexistence of luxury and comfort. The steering wheel wrapped in leather provides a good grip and driving experience. The steering wheel supports manual up, down and back adjustment, which is convenient for drivers to adjust according to needs. The center console is equipped with a large 12.8-inch screen, with a clear interface and convenient operation. It integrates an automatic speech recognition control system, which makes it easy for drivers to control various functions during driving.

In terms of seats, imitation leather materials are used to ensure occupant comfort. The main driver’s seat supports multi-directional adjustment, including front and rear, backrest, height, leg rest and waist support, providing excellent support for long-distance driving. The front seat is also equipped with heating, ventilation and massage functions to further enhance the sense of luxury. The driver’s seat also has a power seat memory function, which is convenient for users to remember personal comfort settings. The passenger seat also has corresponding adjustment options, while the second row of seats supports backrest adjustment, allowing passengers to freely adjust the space according to their needs. In addition, the rear seat also supports proportional reclining, providing flexible space utilization.

Overall, the interiors of the Beijing BJ60 pay attention to detail, balance practicality and luxury, and fully meet the diverse needs of drivers and passengers.

The Beijing BJ60 is equipped with a 2.0T L4 engine with a maximum power of 120 kilowatts, providing a good power output for the vehicle. The maximum torque of this engine is 400 Nm, and the 8-speed automatic transmission ensures the smoothness and handling of the vehicle during driving.

Overall, Autohome owners are full of praise for the appearance of the Beijing BJ60, believing that its front face design is unique and meets consumers’ expectations for the appearance of the vehicle. He also mentioned that although the body looks tall, it is not bulky to drive, and thanks to the precise approach angle design, the driving experience is balanced. Such a comprehensive evaluation undoubtedly provides confidence to consumers who pursue appearance and practicality. I believe that the Beijing BJ60 will continue to attract consumers’ attention with its unique charm.