Publicity of the results of the third "Fei Xiaotong Field Investigation Award"

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??? In order to encourage people from all walks of life to pay attention to, study and record the development and changes of society and reflect the opinions and suggestions of the people, in February 2019, the Social Investigation Center of the State Council Counselor’s Office jointly launched the third essay-writing activity of "Fei Xiaotong Field Investigation Award" with Xinhuanet and Tencent.?

??? This essay activity has received positive responses from all walks of life. As of September 2019, nearly 4,000 manuscripts have been received. The content of the work covers a wide range and has strong timeliness, which reflects the authors’ observation and thinking about society.?

??? Based on the principles of openness, fairness and impartiality, the organizing committee of the essay writing activity has formulated an objective, strict and scientific evaluation method, organized authoritative experts and scholars, and selected them through initial evaluation, re-evaluation, final evaluation and academic originality testing.There are 5 first prizes, 10 second prizes, 20 third prizes and 18 excellent prizes in the third "Fei Xiaotong Field Investigation Award".?

??? The results of the awards will be publicized from November 27, 2019 to December 5. If you have any objection, please report it to the organizing committee of the essay activity by telephone or email during the publicity period.?

??? Tel: 010-65226316?

??? Email: cssdczx@vip.163.com?

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?????????????? Organizing Committee of the Third "Fei Xiaotong Field Investigation Award" Essay Activity????????

???????????????????????? ?? 2019November 26, 2008???????????????????? ?

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first prize

1. Visible regime, capital affinity and peasant exclusion in rural revitalization —— Anthropological reflection based on fenglin town’s field.?

???? (Author: Tan, author: Yunnan University)?

2. Follow-up investigation of Longgang Town, the first farmer city in China —— from "big problem of small town" to "big problem of small city" ?

(Author: Xu Zhenyu; Li Renqing; He Ningshan; Du Wenxiao; Sun Zhen, author: Nanjing Audit University; China Academy of Social Sciences; Central University of Finance and Economics)?

3. "Hummingbird" hovering between urban and rural areas —— A survey report on the group of urban courier brothers?

(Author: Lian Si; Huang Xiaodong; Feng Dan; Zhou Yuxiang; Wang Yixuan; Huang Fan; Cao Wei; Mars, author: university of international business and economics; National Federation of Trade Unions Information Center; Beijing Institute of Economic and Social Development; China Youth Research Center; Tsinghua University Institute of Social Sciences; School of Social and Population Studies; Renmin University of China; University of international business and economics)?

4. Investigation and development suggestions of home smart pension in Yangtze River Delta region?

(Author: Ma Jiqian; Yan Jin; Wang Lingping, Author: Qu Qiubai School of Government Administration, Changzhou University)?

5. From Embedding to Coupling: Power Structure Reform of Rural Governance from the Perspective of Precision Poverty Alleviation —— An Empirical Study from X Village, S City, Yunnan Province?

(Author: Wang Dianxi; Chen Fujun, author: China University of Political Science and Law)?

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the second prize

1. Authorized negotiation: the governance logic and contemporary value of traditional rural contradictions and disputes —— Taking Yujiaqiao village in western Hubei as an example.?

(Author: Li Huayin, author: China Rural Research Institute of Central China Normal University)?

2. "If you don’t work overtime, you won’t survive": the labor ecology of Internet knowledge workers —— A qualitative study on Internet UI designers?

(Author: Hou Hui; He Xuesong, author: Department of Sociology, School of Politics and Society, Hangzhou Normal University; East China University of Science and Technology School of Social and Public Administration)?

3. The flow of life gifts: from the decision of organ donation to the acceptance of organ transplantation.?

(Author: Bloomberg; Jiang Jipin; Zeng mengjun; Wang Xinqiang; Wang Ping; Pan Qingshan, author: Yangtze University Law School)?

4. Culture is the soul: the protection and development of ancient cities and villages from the perspective of historical documents such as fish scale atlas-centered on Jinhua area?

(Author: Yu Chenglin, author: College of Humanities, Zhejiang Normal University)?

5. Labor under "Digital Management": Research on Labor Management of Platform Economy —— Taking the management of "Hungry" takeaway riders in Zhongguancun, Beijing as an example.?

(Author: Chen Long, author: Department of Sociology, Peking University)?

6. Who is defending the vegetable basket in Beishangguang? -Husband and wife productivity of vegetable farmers in the eastern suburbs of China.?

(Author: Huang Zhihui; Luo Hui; Tao Hui, author: School of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China; School of Management, Minzu University of China)?

7. Profit-seeking petition under the territorial responsibility system: generation mechanism and governance logic?

(Author: Zheng Yongjun, author: China Rural Research Institute of Central China Normal University, Advanced Institute of Political Science)?

8. The Spear of Capital and the Shield of Labor —— A Study on the Localization Model of Emotional Labor of Political Work in China?

(Author: Liang Meng; Li Kunxi; Feng Xue, author: Beijing Jianzhu University)?

9. Ferry Bells —— Based on the survey of informal waste recyclers in Shanghai?

(Author: Ding Zhiwen, author: School of Social Studies, Shanghai University)?

10. Exploration on the Path of Capable People Returning to their Hometown, Villagers’ Shareholding and beautiful countryside Construction —— Based on the Investigation of Lincun Village in Central Hubei Province.?

(Author: Jian Feng, author: School of Social Studies, Huazhong University of Science and Technology)?

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third prize

1. Challenges and solutions: a grass-roots survey of rural debt?

(Author: Gao Ming; Song Hongyuan, author: Rural Economic Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)?

2. "Separated Community": An ethnographic study on the social media use of online car drivers.?

(Author: Li Sha, author: School of Marxism, Xi ‘an Jiaotong University)?

3. Field survey of 480 villages in 13 provinces in China’s rural human settlements construction?

(Author: Zhang Li; He Lian, author: Tongji University)?

4. Sanhe besieged city: the living conditions of the informal employment groups of the new generation of migrant workers-based on a field survey in the surrounding areas of Sanhe talent market in Shenzhen?

(Author: Yao Jinxin; Zhan Luming; Yang Songtao, author: School of History and Society, Anhui Normal University)?

5. Social quality, structural elements and village governance —— A case narrative from D village?

(Author: Zhan Guohui, author: School of Public Administration, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics)?

6. Spatio-temporal sociological analysis of new urbanization —— Taking the phenomenon of "renting a foreign land" as an example.?

(Author: Wu Hailin; Lu Bingzhe, author: School of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Jilin University; Peking University Department of Sociology)?

7. Reflection on "Grassroots Fatigue": Operation, Dilemma and Countermeasures of Precision Poverty Alleviation System?

(Author: Zhang Shunjie; Zhang Hengyu, author: School of Social Studies, Nanjing University)?

8. Bride price and buying a house: the micro-mechanism of the change of marriage payment?

(Author: Yu Penghan, author: Department of Sociology, Peking University)?

9. The Light of Shouguang —— A casing report from Shouguang City, Shandong Province?

(Author: Qu Changfu; Guan Bin; Ji Leilei, author: Economic Daily China Economic Net)?

10. Resource Mobilization and Coercive Development —— Based on the field investigation of land circulation in Ningxia?

(Author: Luo Qiangqiang; Zhao Jia, author: School of Politics and Law, Ningxia University)?

11. Functions and Significance of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Rural Revitalization —— Based on the Anthropological Investigation of Tielou Tibetan Township in Wenxian County, Gansu Province?

(Author: Rebecca; Yan yuhua; Zhu Jie, author: Northwest University for Nationalities; Gansu province education science research institute education science planning institute)?

12. Under the background of rural industrial revitalization, capable people run villages and farmers are marginalized.?

(Author: Shu Ligui, author: School of Public Administration, Huazhong University of Science and Technology)?

13. The development and evolution of the structural imbalance of rural public goods supply-a comparative example of three villages in central China?

(Author: Li Yaolei, author: School of Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology)?

14. Absence of support and anti-poverty: Perspective of providing for the elderly poor rural households with children without support —— Based on a case study in J County, G Province?

(Author: Li Yongjin; Li Shanshan, author: School of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Lanzhou University)?

15. Field investigation report on the construction of handicraft new village in the post-legacy era-taking Yangjiabu village in Weifang as a case.?

(Author: Rong Shuyun, author: School of Humanities and Arts, Shandong University of Arts and Crafts)?

16. How to realize the modernization of rural governance in the new era —— Exploration and enlightenment of "village communication" in Longyou, Zhejiang Province?

(Author: Kang Xiaoqiang, author: Teaching and Research Department of Scientific Socialism of the Central Party School)?

17. Investment and financing difficulties and countermeasures in the central and western regions?

(Author: Yao Yun, author: Institute of Finance, China Academy of Social Sciences)?

18. Promoting the Diversified Innovation of Public Cultural Service Supply Mode with the Guidance of "New Needs" —— Field Survey of Grassroots Public Cultural Services? ?

(Author: An Xinyi, author: Beijing Wisdom Orange Culture and Art Co., Ltd.)?

19. Trust and consumption of medical products from the perspective of embeddedness —— Taking HPV vaccine consumption as an example?

(Author: Jia Xiaofei, author: Cambridge University)?

20. The origin and return of the old house —— On the changes and development of the ancient village culture from the old house.?

(Author: Yang Zimo; Instructor: Jangdo, author: Beijing No.80 Middle School)?

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honorable mention

1. Professional embedding relationship: the path to improve the development quality of social organizations in the administrative decoupling reform?

(Author: Xue Meiqin; Ma Chaofeng, author: Department of Public Administration, Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Department of Sociology, Nanjing Forestry University)?

2. New changes in the employment of the new generation of migrant workers and countermeasures-based on the analysis of the field survey of "100 enterprises"?

(Author: Yang Zhiming; Bao Chunlei; Zhang Yiming; Li Fujun; Han Wei; Yang Yang, author: Research Group of China Labor Association)?

3. Exploration and practice of improving the interest linkage mechanism of agricultural enterprises —— Based on the investigation and analysis of the interest linkage model of tomato industry in Hangjinhouqi, Inner Mongolia.?

(Author: Wu Tianlong; Wang Ou; Xi Yinsheng; Gao Ming; He Anhua; Jiang Nan, author: Rural Economic Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)?

4. Dawn in the Dilemma: A Study on the Impact of Internet Crowdfunding for Serious Illness on the Risk of Poverty Caused by Illness in Rural Areas —— A Field Study from Jiangsu Province?

(Author: Zhang Cheng; Yang Xiaozhong; Li Xinghua; Xing Li; Chen Yuyao, author: School of Economics, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics; China Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Industrial Economics; Service Department of Jiangsu Development and Reform Commission; Nanjing University of Finance and Economics)?

5. Under the sharing economy, the "collective" consciousness is hard to find. Who will protect the labor rights and interests? —— Take the drip driver group as an example.?

(Author: Chen Fang, author: School of Social Studies, Shanghai University)?

6. Project entry into the village and micro-governance: How can village group governance be effective? -Multi-case investigation based on the landing of agriculture-related projects?

(Author: Xiang Yong, author: Socialism with Chinese characteristics Development Research Institute of Southeast University)?

7. Study on the parenting strategies and social identity of Chinese and African families in Guangzhou.?

(Author: xingxing, author: Nanjing Agricultural University)?

8. Filling the "structural hole": the governance mechanism of the precision poverty alleviation team in villages —— A case study of L town in western Hubei?

(Author: Li Zhuang; Cao Congmin, Author: School of Social Studies, Huazhong Normal University)?

9. Rural social change and land sustainability from the perspective of energetics —— Based on the field investigation of Hekeng village, an ancient world-heritage village.?

(Author: Yuan Xiaomei; Zhu Jinxin; Guan Yuting; Li Ling; Liu siman, author: School of Architecture, South China University of Technology)?

10. Feeling Trapped —— Cultural Interpretation of Domestic Violence Crimes of Rural Women in a Province of North China (2002-2014)?

(Author: Gao Meihui; Tong Shuhua, author: Department of Sociology, Guangdong Ocean University; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Police Officer School)?

11. People’s Mediation System in Social Transformation —— Based on the fieldwork of Dingzhou People’s Mediation.?

(Author: Sun Shuyan, author: School of Social and Population Studies, Renmin University of China)?

12. The new governance dilemma faced by the grass-roots government under the background of the Internet age —— Based on the investigation of Shangcai County, Zhumadian City?

(Author: Zhao Xiangyun, author: School of Social Studies, Nanjing University)?

13. Research on the Changes and Governance of Resettlement Community from the Perspective of Spatial Reconstruction —— Taking HS Community in N City as an Example?

(Author: Du Peipei, author: School of Social and Political Science, Anhui University)?

14. Bargaining and Interoperability: A New Attempt of Informal Operation of Grass-roots Power —— Based on a case study of a service-oriented project in the rural area of D Town, Beijing?

(Author: Sun Weiwei; Dong Kaiyue, author: School of Social and Psychological Sciences, Central University of Finance and Economics)?

15. Yearning for Youfangying Village 2020?

(Author: Wang Huajun, author: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Literature and History Research Institute)?

16. Investigation on the practice of industrial development in poor rural areas and research on the development mechanism —— Based on the field investigation in Yanyingshan and Chongen villages in xiuwen county, Guizhou Province.?

(Author: Xiong Debin; Li Jiahuan; Wang Xuechun; South China; Yu Jiaqi; Shi Cong; Peng Shilan; Ouyang Hongshu, author: School of Economics, Guizhou University)?

17. "Problem households" in poverty alleviation at the grass-roots level: generating logic and coping mechanism?

(Author: Zhang Zhao, author: School of Politics and International Relations, Tongji University)?

18. Investigation Report on Poverty Alleviation in Poverty-stricken Counties in Old Revolutionary Areas —— Taking Shangyou County in Jiangxi Province as an Example?

(Author: Zou Yuchun; Du Huiping; Bilin; Jia Cong, author: Joint Research Group of Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Service Bureau)?

Interpretation of main statistical indicators

 


 


education


 


Ordinary institutions of higher learning Refers to the full-time universities, independent colleges, junior colleges, higher vocational schools and other institutions that are approved to be held according to the setting standards and examination and approval procedures stipulated by the state, recruit high school graduates as the main training objects, and implement higher education.


Universities and independent colleges mainly carry out education at or above the undergraduate level, colleges and vocational schools carry out education at the junior college level, and other institutions are institutions that undertake the tasks of the national general enrollment plan. Including branches of ordinary colleges and universities and approved ordinary colleges and universities.


Independent college Refers to the secondary colleges at the undergraduate level organized by ordinary undergraduate colleges according to the new mechanism and model. The secondary colleges, "branch schools" or other similar secondary institutions established by some ordinary undergraduate colleges according to the public mechanism and mode do not belong to this category.


adult higher colleges Refers to the national unified entrance examination for adult higher education, which is approved by the national setting standards and examination and approval procedures.,Schools that recruit people who have graduated from high school or equivalent education as the main training object and implement higher education by correspondence, part-time and full-time education. Including staff colleges and universities, farmers colleges and universities, management cadre colleges, education colleges, independent correspondence colleges, radio and television universities, and other institutions. Other institutions are institutions that undertake the tasks of the national adult enrollment plan without counting schools.


Other private institutions of higher education Refers to the units that have been approved by the education administrative departments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and issued school licenses, and do not have the qualification to issue diplomas from ordinary colleges and universities.


Secondary vocational education After adjustment, secondary vocational schools refer to all kinds of school types that implement secondary vocational education, such as ordinary secondary specialized schools (secondary technical schools, secondary normal schools), adult secondary specialized schools, vocational high schools and other institutions, and are adjusted into unified school types through merger, co-construction, joint operation and transfer.


Other institutions Refers to the educational institutions undertaking secondary vocational education without counting schools (including closed schools and secondary vocational education institutions attached to institutions of higher learning).


Vocational junior high school Refers to a teaching institution approved by the education administrative department at or above the county level to recruit primary school graduates to implement junior secondary vocational and technical education.


primary education Refers to the teaching institutions approved by the education administrative departments at or above the county level to recruit school-age children to implement primary education.


approved school Refers to a teaching institution jointly organized by the education department and the public security department to rescue middle school students who have minor violations of the law.


special needs education Refers to an independent teaching institution that recruits blind, deaf and mentally handicapped children and other children and adolescents with special needs for general or vocational primary and secondary education.


preschool education Including kindergartens and preschool classes. Pre-school class refers to an organizational form of organizing pre-school children to carry out one-year pre-school education in some areas where pre-school children cannot enter the park for three years. Preschool class is an important form of developing preschool education in rural areas, and it is also an auxiliary form for cities to make up for the shortage of kindergartens.


combined junior and senior high school Refers to the educational institutions jointly established by ordinary junior high schools and senior high schools.


On-the-job personnel pursue doctoral and master’s degrees. Refers to the students who are approved by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and enrolled in the national entrance examination for doctoral and master’s degrees in order to improve the professional level of on-the-job personnel. The students trained only have degrees and no academic qualifications.


Self-taught students Refers to the students enrolled in full-time teaching remedial classes for students who take self-study exams in higher education.


Diploma examination students Refers to the full-time college students enrolled in other private higher education institutions to take the higher education diploma examination.


General preparatory students Refers to the preparatory enrollment plan issued with the approval of the Ministry of Education and the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, which recruits ethnic minorities, Hong Kong, Macao, overseas Chinese and Taiwanese students. After one year of cultural tutoring, those who pass are promoted to relevant majors in ordinary colleges and universities.


Further education and training Refers to all kinds of non-academic education in higher education schools (institutions).


Higher education qualification certificate training Refers to the non-academic education organized by various higher education institutions, which recruits management staff with high school graduation education, engaged in professional and technical work or strong professionalism, and obtains the professional knowledge level that meets the post requirements after passing the study and examination. The forms of certificate education include single-subject classes and professional certificate classes.


Higher education post certificate training Refers to the non-academic education and training activities organized by various higher education institutions to improve their work ability. All kinds of personnel who have received training pass the examination as required, and they will be issued with post qualification certificates and appointment letters. On-the-job training forms include qualification training and adaptability training.


Secondary education qualification certificate training Refers to all kinds of trained personnel who have passed the study and examination and obtained professional qualification certificates that meet the post requirements.


Secondary education post certificate training Refers to all kinds of trained personnel who have passed the study and examination, and issued post qualification certificates and post appointment letters.


Net enrollment rate of primary school-age children Refers to the proportion of school-age children who have entered primary school in the survey range to the total number of school-age children inside and outside the school (including mentally retarded children, excluding blind deaf-mute children).


Faculty (basic education) Refers to the fixed personnel (excluding temporary workers and teachers) who are prepared in schools and engaged in teaching, management and logistics support.


Teaching staff can be divided into teachers, administrators, teaching assistants and workers according to the nature of their work.


Faculty (higher and secondary vocational education) Refers to the number of teaching and administrative staff who work in schools (institutions) and are paid by schools (institutions), including ① those who are on the staff, that is, those whose personnel relations and files are in schools according to the original personnel management system; (2) Appointment personnel, that is, long-term and full-time staff recruited by universities (institutions) after the personnel system reform. The personnel relationship of the appointment personnel is in the school, but the files are not in the school.


The number of teaching and administrative staff includes the teaching and administrative staff of the headquarters, personnel of scientific research institutions, employees of school-run enterprises and personnel of other affiliated institutions.


full-time teacher Refers to a person who is qualified as a teacher and specializes in teaching.


National financial education funds Include education funds in that national budget, tax and fees levied by governments at all levels for education, school-run education fund by enterprises, and education funds from school-run industries, work-study programs and social services.


Education funds in financial budget Refers to the education funds arranged by the central and local governments at all levels or the competent department at a higher level during the year and planned to be allocated to schools and educational institutions at all levels sponsored by the education department and other departments, which are included in the national budget expenditure items, including education funds, scientific research funds, infrastructure funds and other funds.


 


culture


 


Cultural undertakings and cultural enterprise institutions Refers to the institutions and enterprises that specialize in culture and related work and have legal personality and independent accounting, as well as business professional cultural activity units that are independently accounted for and affiliated to institutions. Including: literary and artistic creation and performance, art performance venues, cultural relics and cultural protection, museums, libraries and archives, mass cultural activities, cultural and artistic brokerage and agency, other cultural and artistic industries, entertainment and cultural services, etc. Cultural and artistic education in the education industry; And other industries run by cultural institutions that do not belong to the above industries.


Non-cultural industrial institutions Refers to the institutions and enterprises that do not belong to the above "cultural institutions and cultural enterprises" and are directly under the competent cultural departments at all levels, as well as all kinds of non-cultural activities units run by various institutions and enterprises in the cultural sector.


Art performance group Refers to all kinds of professional art performance groups that are organized or managed by the cultural department and specialize in literature, art creation and performing arts, excluding half-work, half-agriculture and half-art troupes.


Art performance venues Refers to the management activities of places with auditorium, stage and lighting equipment, which are dedicated to the performance of literary and art groups. Including concert halls, opera houses, dance theaters, theatres, circuses and other places for cultural performances. Does not include cinemas, auditoriums, stadiums, art galleries and art galleries such as painting and sculpture.


Art colleges and universities Refers to the full-time, independent colleges and junior college art schools that are approved to be held according to the setting standards and examination and approval procedures stipulated by the state, incorporated into the national enrollment plan, passed the national unified enrollment examination, recruited high school graduates and those equivalent to high school education as the main training objects, and implemented higher education.


Secondary art school It refers to a full-time professional school that is approved by the Ministry of Culture or the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, incorporated into the national enrollment plan, organized entrance examinations according to state regulations, recruited primary or junior high school (or some senior high schools) graduates and those with equivalent academic qualifications, implemented secondary art education and trained secondary art talents.


Cultural cadre colleges Refers to colleges and universities where cultural cadres are trained and trained by leaders of cultural administrative departments at all levels.


Operating internet cultural unit Refers to the unit that issues the network culture business license by the cultural administrative department.


 


Radio and television


 


Total length of cable radio and television transmission trunk network It is used to transmit signals before or between various front ends and distribution points or optical nodes. Including: national trunk network, provincial trunk network, prefecture-level trunk network, county-level trunk network and leased trunk network.


Number of cable radio and television users Refers to the number of users who watch TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network, including the number of cable TV users who receive analog signals and digital signals.


Number of analog TV users Refers to the number of users who watch analog signal TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network.


Number of digital TV users Refers to the number of users who watch digital signal TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network.


Number of paid digital TV users Refers to the number of cable TV users who watch digital TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network and pay the viewing fee.


Number of public broadcasting programs Refers to the number of radio programs approved by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and run by radio and television broadcasters, which do not charge listeners for listening, and broadcast on a fixed frequency for the main purpose of providing public broadcasting services to the public, and have a complete set of self-run program schedules. This refers to the number of programs broadcast to the public for free, not only to public channels.


Time for broadcasting purchase and exchange programs throughout the year. Refers to the annual broadcast time of radio and television broadcasters through purchase, exchange and other transactions, including imported programs, which belongs to public broadcast time.


Microwave station The total number of starting stations, opening stations, relay stations and terminal stations of microwave lines.


Length of digital microwave transmission trunk line Refers to the length of microwave trunk line capable of transmitting digital signals.


Long-term employee Refers to employees whose employment period is more than one year (including one year).


Carry-over self-raised infrastructure Refers to the use of non-financial funds for infrastructure funds.


 


sports


 


Sports full-time coach Refers to coaches who specialize in sports training.


letterman Refers to the personnel who have been approved by the labor and personnel departments at all levels to join the team and specialize in sports training, including athletes in training and trial training.


First-line athletes Refers to the national team, national training team, Chinese youth team and outstanding sports teams in various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions.


Second-line athletes Refers to sports classes in sports schools. Third-line athletes: refers to all kinds of amateur sports schools for children.


 


health


 


health institution Refers to the units that have obtained the Practice License of Medical Institutions from the administrative department of health, or obtained the registration certificate of legal entity from the administrative departments of civil affairs, industry and commerce, and establishment management, and provided medical care, disease control, health supervision services or engaged in medical research and education for the society. Health institutions include hospitals, sanatoriums and community health service centers.(stand), hospitals, clinics, clinics(Health clinic, infirmary), emergency center(stand), blood collection and supply institutions, maternal and child health centers(Station, station)Specialized disease prevention and treatment center(Station, station)Center for Disease Control and Prevention(epidemic station), health supervision, health supervision and inspection(Monitoring and testing)Institutions, medical research institutions, medical on-the-job training institutions, health education institutes(stand)Other health institutions. This data does not include village clinics (separate statistics).


medical institution Refers to the institutions that have obtained the Practice License of Medical Institutions from the administrative department of health, including hospitals, sanatoriums and community health service centers.(stand), hospitals, clinics, clinics(Health clinic, infirmary), Maternal and Child Health Hospital(Station, station)Specialized disease prevention and treatment center(Station, station) , emergency center(stand)And clinical laboratory center. This information does not include village clinics.(Separate statistics).


Nonprofit medical institutions Refers to the medical institutions established and operated for the public interest, not for profit, and their income is used to make up for the cost of medical services.


For-profit medical institutions Refers to medical institutions whose income from medical services can be used to make up for investors’ economic returns. The government does not run for-profit medical institutions.


hospital Including general hospitals, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine hospitals, ethnic hospitals, various specialized hospitals and nursing homes, excluding specialized disease prevention hospitals, maternal and child health hospitals and nursing homes.


hospital of traditional Chinese medicine Refers to traditional Chinese medicine(comprehensive)Hospitals and specialized hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine, excluding hospitals of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and ethnic hospitals.


special hospital Including stomatological hospitals, ophthalmology hospitals, otolaryngology hospitals, tumor hospitals, cardiovascular hospitals, chest hospitals, hematological hospitals, and maternity hospitals.(branch of academic or vocational study)Hospitals, children’s hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, infectious diseases hospitals, dermatology hospitals, tuberculosis hospitals, leprosy hospitals, occupational diseases hospitals, orthopedic hospitals, rehabilitation hospitals, plastic surgery hospitals, beauty hospitals and other specialized hospitals, excluding traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, various specialized disease prevention hospitals and maternal and child health care hospitals.


community health service centers(stand) Refers to the grass-roots health institutions that provide prevention, medical treatment, health care, rehabilitation, health education and family planning technical services for residents in this community.


Union ban village clinic Refers to the village clinic by two or more rural doctors jointly run, rural doctors and health workers jointly run and practice.(assistant)Doctors and rural doctors or health workers jointly run.


Health personnel Refers to the workers working in health institutions such as medical treatment, preventive health care, medical scientific research and on-the-job education, including health technicians, other technicians, managers and workers. All statistics are based on the on-the-job employees who pay the wages at the end of the year, including recruiters, excluding temporary workers, retirees, those who leave the unit and still retain labor relations and those who are re-employed.


health workers Including practicing.(assistant)Doctors, registered nurses, pharmacy personnel, inspection and imaging personnel and other health professionals. Does not include health technical personnel engaged in management work.(Will be included in the management personnel.).


doctor Including chief physician, deputy chief physician, attending physician, resident physician and healer.


certified doctor Including chief physician, deputy chief physician, attending physician and resident physician.


Practitioner (assistant) physician Refers to the personnel who have the Medical Practitioner’s License and their "level" as "practicing (assistant) doctors" and are actually engaged in medical treatment, prevention and health care, excluding the practicing (assistant) doctors who are actually engaged in management. The categories of practicing (assistant) doctors are divided into four categories: clinical, traditional Chinese medicine, oral and public health.


registered nurse Refers to the personnel who have registered nurse certificate and are actually engaged in nursing work, excluding nurses engaged in management work.


Pharmacy personnel Including chief pharmacists, deputy chief pharmacists, competent pharmacists, pharmacists, pharmacists and pharmacists.


Inspector Including chief inspection technician, deputy chief inspection technician, chief inspection technician, inspection technician, inspection technician and inspector.


Other technicians Refers to those who graduated from high schools and other non-health majors such as chemistry and mathematics, and are now engaged in technical work such as health promotion, scientific research and teaching.


administrative staff Including the person in charge of the unit, mainly engaged in medical care, disease control, health supervision, medical research and teaching and other business management personnel, mainly engaged in party and government, personnel, finance, information, security and other administrative management personnel.


Health technical personnel per thousand population That is, the number of health technicians/PopulationX1000. Population is the registered population of the Ministry of Public Security.


country doctor Refers to the personnel who have obtained the certificate of "village doctor" from the local health administrative department in the village clinic.


health worker Refers to the personnel who have not obtained the certificate of "village doctor" in the village clinic.


Bed number Refers to the fixed bed at the end of the year.(Non-compiled bed), including regular beds, simple beds, monitoring beds, beds being disinfected and repaired, beds stopped due to expansion or overhaul, excluding obstetric newborn beds, delivery rooms, waiting beds, observation beds, temporary extra beds and accompanying beds for patients’ families.


Number of beds in hospitals and health centers per thousand population namely(Hospital bed+Hospital bed)/PopulationX1000. Population is the registered population of the Ministry of Public Security.


total expenditure on health Reflect the total amount of funds spent on medical and health care services in the whole country in that year, and calculate it by financing source method. It is divided into three parts: government budget health expenditure, social health expenditure and personal cash health expenditure.


Government budget health expenditure Refers to the financial budget allocated by governments at all levels for health care. Including: ① public health service funds(Including health service fees, Chinese medicine service fees, drug supervision and management fees, family planning service fees, budgetary capital construction funds, medical research funds, health administration fees, basic medical insurance subsidies and rural cooperative medical care government subsidies.); ② Medical expenses of administrative institutions.


Social health expenditure Refers to the government’s extra-budgetary investment in health care from all walks of life. Including social basic medical insurance premiums, other social insurance medical and health expenses, commercial health insurance premiums, non-health department administrative institutions office expenses, enterprise staff medical and health expenses, agriculturalVillage collective economic health expenditure, health extra-budgetary capital construction funds, initial investment of private medical treatment, extra-budgetary capital investment of public health institutions, etc.


Personal cash health expenditure Refers to urban and rural residents using their disposable economic income.,Cash when receiving various medical and health services,Including personal cash health expenditure of urban residents and personal cash health expenditure of rural residents.


Per capita medical expenses of outpatients Also known as medical expenses per visit. namely(Medical outpatient income+Drug outpatient income)/Total number of visits.


Per capita medical expenses of inpatients Also known as the per capita medical expenses of discharged patients. namely(Medical hospitalization income+Drug hospitalization income)/Number of discharged patients.


The average daily hospitalization medical expenses of discharged patients namely(Medical hospitalization income+Drug hospitalization income)/Number of days of total bed occupied by discharged patients.


Total number of visits Refers to the total number of people in all diagnosis and treatment work. Including outpatient and emergency visits of patients, visits, visits to family sickbeds, visits to hospitals, visits to staff in our hospital, individual health check-ups and health consultation and guidance, and individual health check-ups in some areas.


Number of hospital admissions per 100 emergency departments. That is, admission number/Outpatient and emergency visits x100.


Bed turnover times Refers to the ratio of "number of discharged patients" to "average number of open beds".


Average length of stay of discharged patients It refers to the ratio of "the number of days occupied by discharged patients" to "the number of discharged patients".


Doctors are responsible for the number of visits per day. That is, the number of patients/Average number of doctors/251.


The average physician is responsible for the hospital bed days every day. Refers to the actual occupation of total bed days./Average number of doctors/365.


Residents’ two-week attendance rate It refers to the ratio of the number of people who went to medical institutions for treatment due to illness or physical discomfort in the two weeks before the survey to the number of people surveyed.


Residents’ two-week absence rate It refers to the ratio of the number of people who were ill but didn’t see a doctor in the two weeks before the survey to the number of people who were sick in the two weeks.


Hospitalization rate of residents Refers to the ratio of the number of hospitalized residents due to illness to the number of people surveyed in the year before the survey.


Live birth number Refers to the number of live births during the year. Live birth refers to the pregnancy product that is completely discharged or taken out from the mother regardless of the length of pregnancy. After it is separated from the mother, whether the umbilical cord is cut off or whether the placenta is attached, as long as the pregnancy product has one of the four life signs of breathing, heartbeat, umbilical cord pulsation or obvious voluntary muscle movement, it is considered as a live birth.


neonatal mortality (rate) Refers to the postpartum within the year.28The ratio of the number of newborns who died within days to the number of live births. Generally expressed in parts per thousand.


fiveUnder-five mortality rate Refers to the year is not full.fiveRatio of deaths to live births of children aged. Generally expressed in ‰.


Maternal mortality rate Refers to every year10The death toll of 10,000 pregnant women. Maternal death refers to the period from the beginning of pregnancy to postpartum.forty-twoDeath within days, regardless of the time and place of pregnancy, includes death due to internal and surgical reasons, family planning operation, ectopic pregnancy and hydatidiform mole, but does not include death due to accidental reasons. According to the international general calculation method, the "total number of pregnant and lying-in women" is calculated by "number of live births".


High-risk maternal ratio Refers to the ratio of high-risk number to live births caused by various pathological factors and acute and chronic risk factors. General use%Express.


Maternal card establishment rate Refers to the health care card established by health care personnel during the year.(volume)Ratio of number of people to number of live births. General use%Express.


Systematic management rate of pregnant women Refers to pregnancy during the year to postpartum.28Received early pregnancy examination and prenatal examination within days ≥fiveSecond, the ratio of the number of parturients who received disinfection delivery and postpartum visit to the whole health care service to the number of local live births. General use%Express.


Prenatal check-up rate Refers to the ratio of the number of pregnant women who have received one or more prenatal examinations during the year to the number of live births. General use%Express.


Postpartum visit rate Refers to the ratio of the number of parturients who have received one or more postpartum visits during the year to the number of live births. General use%Express.


Hospital delivery rate Refers to the ratio of the number of births to the number of live births in township hospitals and medical and health institutions above the township level during the year. General use%Express.


New delivery rate Refers to the ratio of the sum of the number of births delivered by the new method of hospital delivery and non-hospital delivery to the number of live births during the year. General use%Express. The new method of delivery means that the delivery package, the hands of the midwife, the vulva of the parturient and the umbilical cord are disinfected and delivered by doctors, midwives and trained primary health personnel and midwives who have obtained the certificate of "family midwife".


the two week prevalence rate That is, the number of patients in the two weeks before the investigation.(Or number of cases)/number of people surveyedX1000.


Prevalence of chronic diseases There are two definitions: the prevalence rate of chronic diseases calculated by the number of people refers to the ratio of the number of patients with chronic diseases to the number of people surveyed in the first half of the survey; The prevalence rate of chronic diseases calculated by the number of cases refers to the number of cases of chronic diseases in the first half of the investigation.(Including one person who has been sick many times.)Compared with the number of people surveyed. "Chronic disease" refers to: ① chronic diseases (including chronic infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and chronic non-infectious diseases such as coronary heart disease and hypertension) confirmed by doctors within the first half of the investigation; ② He was diagnosed with a chronic disease by a doctor six months ago, and he had an attack during the first half of the investigation, and took treatment measures such as taking medicine and physical therapy. One of them is that they are suffering from "chronic diseases".


Statutory reporting incidence of infectious diseases Refers to every year in a certain area.10Number of legally reported infectious diseases of Class A and B in the population of 10,000. That is, the incidence of infectious diseases is legally reported=Number of legally reported infectious diseases of Class A and B/PopulationX100000.


Statutory reporting of infectious disease mortality Refers to every year in a certain area.10Number of legally reported infectious disease deaths of Class A and Class B in the population of 10,000. That is, legally reported infectious disease mortality.=Number of legally reported infectious disease deaths in Class A and Class B/PopulationX100000.


Mortality rate of legally reported infectious diseases Refers to the ratio between the number of deaths and the number of cases of legally reported infectious diseases in a certain area in a certain year. That is, legally reported mortality of infectious diseases.=Number of legally reported infectious disease deaths in Class A and Class B/Incidence numberX100%.


Standardized mortality rate That is, the age-standardized mortality rate refers to the mortality rate calculated according to the age structure of a standard population.


Qualified rate of food hygiene Refers to the qualified rate of food hygiene sampling inspection.,That is, the number of qualified food hygiene sampling monitoring pieces./Number of monitoring piecesX100%.


 


social work


 


Private non-enterprise Refers to enterprises, institutions, social organizations, other social forces and individual citizens who use non-state-owned assets to organize non-profit social service activities.


Number of regular pensions Refers to the number of families of revolutionary martyrs, families of soldiers who died in the line of duty or died at the end of the reporting period who met the pension conditions and were given regular pensions by the state.


Number of regular subsidies Refers to the sum of the demobilized soldiers who can’t participate in productive labor and have a particularly difficult life, the demobilized soldiers who have completely lost their ability to work and have a difficult life, the lost Red Army personnel, and other people who enjoy regular payment with pension expenses at the end of the reporting period.


Veterans of the Red Army in the countryside (separated Red Army personnel, marked army), etc. point to1937yearsevenmoonsixsunFormerly enlisted in the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants (including the marked army, the anti-Japanese Coalition forces and the full-time guerrillas led by the Communist Party of China (CPC)); There are discharge procedures or exact certificates; Those who have not defected to the enemy, and who have continued to maintain the revolutionary tradition after returning to the local area, and those who have been separated from the Red Army due to injury, illness, defeat in battle or organized mobilization, and have performed well after leaving the team, and have been recognized by the local people, reviewed by the township people’s government, and approved by the county and municipal people’s governments.


Demobilized soldiers in rural areas Refers to1954year11moononesunNon-commissioned officers and soldiers who volunteered to join the army before and were demobilized, or those who were conscripts but later changed to volunteers or cadres were treated as demobilized.


Number of scattered martyrs memorial buildings Refers to the total number of martyrs memorial buildings without martyrs memorial building management unit at the end of the reporting period. Including the number of monuments, towers, pavilions, shrines and martyrs’ cemeteries that praise revolutionary martyrs.


Adoption unit (social welfare unit providing accommodation) Refers to the general name of social welfare institutions that provide accommodation, rest homes for disabled revolutionary soldiers, sanatoriums for retired soldiers with chronic diseases, mental hospitals for retired soldiers, glorious hospitals, social welfare homes, children’s welfare homes, mental patients’ welfare homes, elderly adoption institutions (nursing homes, nursing homes, elderly apartments) and so on.


Social welfare enterprise Refers to the centralized placement of disabled people with certain working ability for the purpose of employment (disabled workers account for production personnel)10%Above), a general term for enterprises with social welfare nature. Social welfare enterprises are classified as: social welfare factories, artificial limb factories and other welfare enterprises.


Regular quantitative relief funds in cities and towns According to the regulations, the civil affairs department shall issue regular quantitative relief funds to the orphans, the old, the disabled, the young and the residents who have no fixed occupation, fixed income and living difficulties in cities and towns that have not yet implemented the minimum living security system.


Regular quantitative relief in rural areas By the civil affairs department to the rural income level is very low, life is really difficult, poor households living relief.


Streamline retired old workers point to1957Work before the end of the year, at1961Year’s arrival1965yearsixmoonninesunOld employees who were downsized during the period.


40%relieve Refers to the original standard salary given by the civil affairs department to the old, weak, sick and disabled among the streamlined retired old workers.40%Relief.


Streamline the assistance for retired workers Refers to the right or wrong40%The civil affairs department shall give relief to the streamlined retired workers who have difficulties in life for more than half a year.


Temporary relief in rural areas Refers to the life relief given by the state or the collective to those who have temporary difficulties in life for less than half a year during the reporting period.


Welfare lottery chest Refers to the extra-budgetary funds earmarked for the development of social welfare undertakings raised by issuing China welfare lottery tickets according to relevant state regulations. The income of social welfare fund includes: the net income after deducting the redemption and management fees from the total amount of welfare lottery tickets sold in China; Abandoned prize income without prize pool in lottery sales; Interest on bank deposits of social welfare funds.


household enjoying the five guarantees Refers to the person who cannot be legally obligated to support, or the person who is legally obligated to support, but the person who supports him is incapable of supporting; Incapable of working; The elderly, the disabled and the minors who have no source of livelihood.


Sanwu"target Refers to the residents who can’t support (support, support) obligors, have no ability to work and have no source of income.


Number of charity supermarkets Refers to the number of social donation institutions that rely on regular social donation stations (points) to solve the living difficulties of urban poor residents, take targeted collection and distribution as the main form, learn from the management model of commercial supermarkets, and receive donated materials on demand for relief objects.


Urban elderly adoption welfare institutions Refers to the general name of social welfare institutions that provide accommodation, are not for profit, and mainly adopt the social "three noes" and the elderly whose families are unable to take care of them.


Rural elderly adoption welfare institutions (rural five-guarantee welfare institutions) Refers to the social welfare units that provide accommodation, are not for profit, and mainly adopt "five guarantees" and elderly people whose families are unable to take care of them in rural areas (townships and towns).


Community Service Center Refers to welfare institutions that do not provide multi-functional comprehensive services (more than two services) for the elderly, disabled people, families of martyrs and other community residents for profit. Basic conditions for being called a community service center: (oneThere is a certain place (the construction area is in100square meterAbove); (2) there are fixed management personnel; (three) The social welfare services provided must be more than two; (four) is an independent accounting unit.


Social welfare hospital Refers to the social welfare hospitals (including psychiatric welfare hospitals) that provide accommodation, are not for profit, and mainly treat the homeless, helpless, and have no source of income, as well as the civil objects such as subsistence allowances and special care recipients.


Other payments Expenditure for civil affairs refers to the expenditure for civil affairs arranged by the finance from the budget. Such as military supply station funds, medical assistance, and secondary specialized schools organized by civil affairs departments.


 


Disabled cause


 


Cataract surgery Refers to the number of cases of cataract surgery.


Intraocular lens implantation Refers to the number of cases of intraocular lens implantation in cataract surgery.


become literate Refers to the number of cases of blindness after cataract surgery.


Equipped with visual AIDS Refers to the number of tasks completed with visual AIDS for low vision in this year.


Hospital ophthalmology Refers to the number of newly opened low-vision clinics in hospitals at the municipal level (including county-level cities) this year.


Total number of newly recruited deaf children Refers to the sum of the number of deaf children newly trained in rehabilitation institutions and families this year.


Training parents of deaf children Refers to the number of parents of deaf children who held parent training classes this year (excluding parents of deaf children who are being trained by provincial centers and language training departments).


In-service teacher Refers to teachers who are directly engaged in rehabilitation training in rehabilitation institutions at all levels.


In-service medical skills Refers to the professional and technical personnel engaged in deafness diagnosis, hearing test, hearing aid selection, ear mold making, rehabilitation evaluation, psychological test and so on in rehabilitation institutions at all levels.


Rehabilitation and correction of leprosy deformity Refers to the number of cases in which leprosy patients received leprosy deformity correction surgery this year.


Set up a medical team Refers to the number of batches of provincial and municipal leprosy rehabilitation medical teams in this year.


Distribution of assistive devices (excluding artificial limbs) for leprosy disabled persons Refers to the total number of assistive devices distributed to leprosy disabled people in this year. Auxiliary appliances include protective shoes, insoles, goggles, crutches, wheelchairs, self-help appliances, orthoses, etc.


Rehabilitation training of leprosy deformity Refers to the number of leprosy disabled rehabilitation training tasks completed this year. Rehabilitation training includes self-care training and functional exercise.


Total cases of popular leg prosthesis assembly Refers to the number of popular leg prostheses assembled by the Disabled Persons’ Federation system this year.


Total cases of universal thigh prosthesis assembly Refers to the number of popular thigh prostheses assembled by the Disabled Persons’ Federation system this year.


Covering the total population Refers to the sum of the population covered by cities and counties that carry out intensive prevention and rehabilitation work. The population of prefecture-level cities refers to the population of the city, excluding the population of cities and counties under their jurisdiction; The population of county-level cities and counties refers to the population under the jurisdiction of the cities and counties.


Number of mental patients Refers to the total number of registered mental patients after a thorough investigation, rather than the figures calculated or estimated according to the incidence rate.


Number of patients under guardianship Refers to the total number of mental patients who receive socialized, open and comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation through monitoring groups, family sickbeds, industrial treatment stations, social employment and mental health institutions.


Number of significantly improved patients Refers to the number of mental patients whose condition is stable and their symptoms are relieved after taking effective treatment and rehabilitation measures.


Total number of people participating in society Refers to the number of mental patients who can take care of themselves and participate in housework, social production and social activities.


Accident rate Refers to the percentage of the number of people who violate the regulations on public security management and the total number of registered mental patients in the year.


Number of rehabilitation training for children with physical disabilities and cerebral palsy It refers to the number of tasks completed in rehabilitation training for physically disabled and cerebral palsy children in this year.


Effective number of rehabilitation for children with physical disabilities and cerebral palsy After systematic rehabilitation training, the training effect is the sum of significant effect and effective number.


Number of rehabilitation training for children with intellectual disabilities Refers to the sum of the tasks completed by mentally disabled children in institutions and families during this year.


Effective number of institutional and family rehabilitation for children with intellectual disabilities Respectively, after rehabilitation training in institutions and families, the training effect is the sum of great progress and the number of progress.


Number of municipal districts and counties (cities) carrying out rehabilitation services this year It refers to the number of tasks of municipal districts and counties (cities) that have carried out rehabilitation services for the disabled in this year to meet the requirements of the implementation measures of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Rehabilitation Training and Services.


Cumulative number of municipal districts and counties (cities) carrying out rehabilitation services Respectively refer to2001Since, the sum of the number of tasks of municipal districts and counties (cities) that have carried out rehabilitation services for the disabled to meet the implementation requirements of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Rehabilitation Training and Services.


Total rehabilitation training service institutions Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31On, the sum of the number of rehabilitation training service institutions for children with physical disabilities (including children with cerebral palsy) and intellectual disabilities at the provincial, city (prefecture), county (city, district) and county (city, district) levels.


Provincial, prefectural (city) and county (city, district) level disabled persons’ Federation system rehabilitation training service institutions. Refers to the end of this year.twelvemoon31Number of rehabilitation training service institutions for physically disabled (including children with cerebral palsy) and intellectually disabled children established by the Disabled Persons’ Federation system at the provincial, city (prefecture) and county (city, district) levels.


Rehabilitation training service institutions established outside the Disabled Persons’ Federation system at the provincial, prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels. Refers to the end of this year.twelvemoon31Number of rehabilitation training service institutions for physically disabled (including children with cerebral palsy) and mentally disabled children established by departments and social forces outside the Disabled Persons’ Federation system at the provincial, city (prefecture) and county (city, district) levels.


Total training this year Refers to the sum of the training times of managers and technicians carried out by provinces, cities and districts (counties) according to the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Rehabilitation Training and Services this year.


Distribute iodine supplement publicity materials Refers to the sum of promotional materials (posters, brochures, popular science books, etc.) issued by the China Disabled Persons’ Federation and the disabled persons’ federations of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and counties in this year.


Organize iodine supplementation publicity activities. Refers to all kinds of publicity activities, such as IDD prevention day, exhibition, consultation and knowledge lecture, jointly organized by the Disabled Persons’ Federation at all levels and the Disabled Persons’ Federation with health, civil affairs, family planning commission, salt industry, publicity and other relevant departments this year to eliminate IDD and prevent intellectual disability caused by iodine deficiency.


Number of people with special needs receiving publicity and education on iodine supplementation Refers to the number of people with special needs (newly married women of childbearing age and pregnant women) in a region who have received publicity and education on iodine supplementation. The total number of people with special needs for publicity and education can be1996Based on the estimated number of iodine supplements for people with special needs in.


Ordinary high schools for the blind and deaf It refers to the actual number of ordinary high schools for the blind and deaf respectively.


Number of people who have reached the admission scores of ordinary colleges and universities Refers to the actual number of disabled senior high school graduates who participated in this year’s college entrance examination and reached the admission score.


Reach the admission scores of ordinary colleges and universities. Refers to the actual number of disabled candidates who have not only reached the admission score of the college entrance examination but also been admitted by ordinary colleges and universities (excluding the number of students admitted to higher special education institutions).


Number of students enrolled in higher special education institutions Refers to the number of blind and deaf students admitted to higher special education colleges (schools) and majors (classes) this year.


Total educational and training institutions Refers to the number of academic education and non-academic training institutions specially organized by the society and the Disabled Persons’ Federation system for the disabled.


Total vocational training Refers to the vocational training of the society and the Disabled Persons’ Federation system except academic education, and the actual number of trainees in this year (including the number of trainees).


Total secondary vocational education institutions for the disabled Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31Day, including the actual number of secondary vocational education institutions with academic qualifications for the disabled in special education schools, society and disabled persons’ federations.


School-age disabled children and adolescents with vision, hearing, intelligence, physical and mental disabilities who are not enrolled in school. Refers to a person who suffers from only one type of disability. Use of criteria for defining disability categories1987yearfourThe disability category standard of the national sample survey of disabled people in June.


Multiple disabilities Refers to a person suffering from two or more categories of disabled people. Use of criteria for defining disability categories1987yearfourThe disability category standard of the national sample survey of disabled people in June.


We should help poor disabled children and adolescents who are not enrolled in school. Refers to disabled children and adolescents who live below the local poverty line and are not enrolled in school.


Cumulative employment situation of urban disabled people Refers to urban (non-agricultural registered permanent residence) centralized employment of disabled people, decentralized proportional employment (including disabled people who have been employed in various social units before the implementation of proportional employment) and individual employment, as of this year.twelvemoon31The cumulative number of people who have been placed in employment on a daily basis.


This year’s vocational skills training for disabled people Refers to the number of persons with disabilities who are employable but not employed, need to change their occupations and have been employed and need to improve their technical level. (including pre-employment training, pre-job training, job transfer training and on-the-job training, etc.)


Accumulated unemployment of urban disabled persons Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31The actual cumulative number of people with disabilities in cities and towns who have employment requirements and employment ability but have not arranged employment (men of employment age)16forty-nineYears old; woman16forty-fourYears old)


Cumulative employment in rural areas Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31Disabled people in rural areas (agricultural registered permanent residence) are engaged in all kinds of productive labor, including planting, aquaculture, cottage industry and the total number of disabled people in various types of enterprises, services, businesses and individual businesses.


Accumulated stable employment in rural areas Refers to the cumulative number of disabled people with a relatively fixed income and a relatively stable life in the "cumulative employment in rural areas".


Practical technical training this year Refers to the number of disabled employment service agencies, organizations and schools with the help of social forces in this year, and various agricultural technical trainings for rural disabled people such as "planting, raising and adding".


Cumulative unemployment of disabled people in rural areas Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31The cumulative number of disabled people in rural areas who hold the local official agricultural registered permanent residence and have participated in the labor demand but have not engaged in the occupation described in the "Cumulative Employment in Rural Areas" (the employment age is16Age and16Years old or older. It does not include disabled people who cannot support productive labor due to lack of working conditions and can only solve food and clothing through social relief).


Poor disabled people Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31Number of rural poor disabled people living below the local poverty line.


Can support poor disabled people Refers to the number of poor disabled people who are suitable to participate in productive labor.


Cities and towns have been included in the minimum living guarantee. Refers to the disabled with urban hukou, and the per capita income of family members is lower than the local minimum living standard for urban residents, which has been included in the minimum living guarantee.


Centralized support Refers to the number of disabled people in cities and towns who meet the conditions of five guarantees and are supported by social welfare institutions such as social welfare homes.


Temporary relief Refers to the number of disabled people who have urban hukou, have temporary difficulties due to unexpected accidents, affect their basic life, and enjoy funds and in-kind assistance donated by the government or society from time to time.


Rural areas have been included in the minimum living security. Refers to the number of persons with disabilities in agricultural registered permanent residence, whose per capita income of family members is lower than the local minimum living standard in rural areas and has been included in the minimum living guarantee.


Five guarantees Refers to the number of disabled people who are unable to legally support their obligations in rural areas, or who have legal support obligations but have no ability to support, have no ability to work and have no source of income, and receive life care and material help in food, clothing, housing, medical care and burial.


Temporary relief Refers to the number of disabled people who have agricultural registered permanent residence, have temporary difficulties due to unexpected accidents, affect their basic life, and enjoy funds and in-kind assistance donated by the government or society irregularly.


Regular subsidy Finger continuitysixNumber of persons with disabilities who enjoy temporary relief for more than one month and are given regular and quantitative financial subsidies by the government.


specific grant Refers to the number of disabled persons who have been subsidized by the Disabled Persons’ Federation by setting up special subsidies and other measures in addition to implementing various safeguard measures.


Provincial, city (prefecture) level audio books library (room) It refers to the actual number of audio-visual books libraries and rooms for the blind that have been opened or opened in introspection, city (prefecture) level public libraries (rooms) and disabled people’s activity facilities this year.


Provincial, city (prefecture) level sports venues It refers to the number of sports venues for the disabled determined by signing agreements or listing in public stadiums at the introspection and city (prefecture) levels this year.


Develop rehabilitation and fitness programs for the disabled. Refers to the number of rehabilitation and fitness programs suitable for disabled people developed by provincial disabled persons’ federations this year.


Provincial and municipal sports competitions for the disabled. Refers to the provincial (including cities specifically designated in the state plan) and city (prefecture) level sports commission, the Disabled Persons’ Federation and the Sports Association’s provincial and city (prefecture) level disabled games (tryouts) in this year.


NPC law enforcement inspection Refers to the number of times that people’s congresses at the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels inspected the implementation of the law on the protection of the disabled and its implementation methods and provisions on helping the disabled this year.


CPPCC inspection or special investigation Refers to the number of inspections or special investigations on the implementation of the law on the protection of the disabled and its implementation methods and the provisions on helping the disabled by the CPPCC at the provincial (autonomous region, municipality directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels this year.


Special inspection by the government and relevant administrative functional units Refers to the number of times that the provincial (autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city), county (city, district) governments and relevant administrative departments conducted special inspections on the implementation of the Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons and its implementation measures and provisions on assisting disabled persons this year.


Disabled legal aid (service) center Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31On, the cumulative number of legal aid centers for the disabled or branches (stations) of legal aid centers for the disabled, which are jointly organized by judicial administrative departments at the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels and disabled persons’ federations at the same level or run by disabled persons’ federations and approved by judicial administrative departments at the same level.


Persons with disabilities receive legal aid and services. It refers to the number of people who provide legal aid and services to the disabled in this year, such as law firms designated or entrusted by the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), city (prefecture) and county (city, district) level Disabled Persons’ Federation, legal aid (service) centers (sub-centers) for the disabled or the work department (station) of the legal aid center.


Investigate and deal with major cases that infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled. Refers to the cases concluded or handled within this year with one of the following conditions, which are directly involved (including cooperation with relevant departments) by the provincial and municipal disabled persons’ federations and disabled persons’ federations established or entrusted by them:


1. According to the local economic development level, the amount of the subject matter of the case is relatively large;


Two, the local major media reported the case;


Three, at or above the provincial level, the main leaders at or above the prefecture level have given instructions for handling;


4. The rights and interests of group disabled persons are infringed.


Provincial rights protection hotline Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31sun, the province (autonomous region, municipality directly under the central government) Disabled Persons’ Federation in the organ rights department (office), the petition department, the legal aid (service) center for the disabled set up the hotline (number).


Laws and regulations on the construction of barrier-free facilities and government orders Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31The local laws and regulations promulgated and implemented by the provincial (autonomous region, municipality directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) level people’s congress or the government on June, aimed at promoting the construction and management of barrier-free facilities in this region.


Carry out the construction of barrier-free facilities in cities, counties and districts Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31On, the cumulative number of cities, counties and districts that have been jointly determined by provincial disabled persons’ federations and construction departments at the same level to carry out barrier-free facilities construction according to the outline of the tenth five-year plan and the eleventh five-year plan for the disabled in China and its supporting implementation plan.


Group visit of motor vehicles point tofiveVisits by groups of more than one person on motor vehicle transportation and motor vehicle operation.


Number of disabled persons’ federations to be built Subject to local administrative divisions.


Projects that have been put into use Refers to the comprehensive service facilities that have been completed and accepted and carried out for the disabled. Among them, "new projects put into use this year" refers to the projects in this year.onemoononeDay to this yeartwelvemoon31New facilities put into use between Japan and Japan.


Accumulated projects that have been put into use Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31All facilities that have been put into use.


Construction land area Refers to the total area of land occupied by the planned comprehensive service facilities.


scale of construction Refers to the construction area of the built comprehensive service facilities.


total investment  For "projects that have been put into use", it refers to the actual amount of funds invested at the time of completion and settlement; For "projects under construction" and "projects under preparation", it refers to the total estimated amount for the construction of comprehensive service facilities for the disabled.


 


Public management and social organization


 


The people’s procuratorate directly files a case for investigation. Refers to the crime of corruption and bribery, the crime of dereliction of duty and infringement, the crime of infringing citizens’ personal rights and democratic rights committed by the staff of state organs by taking advantage of their functions and powers, and other major criminal cases committed by the staff of state organs by taking advantage of their functions and powers after the provincial people’s procuratorate decides to put on record for investigation.


Accept a case Refers to the newly accepted cases this year.


register It refers to the litigation activities in which the people’s procuratorate considers that there is a duty crime after a preliminary investigation of the accepted case, and should be investigated for criminal responsibility, and decides to investigate it as a criminal case, which is the beginning of investigating the crime. This indicator mainly reflects the litigation activities of the people’s procuratorate to investigate the clues of duty crimes as criminal cases according to law.


wind up/close/conclude a case Refers to the end of the investigation procedure.


Major case Refers to cases of corruption and bribery involving more than 50,000 yuan, misappropriation of public funds involving more than 100,000 yuan, and cases identified in accordance with the Standards of People’s Procuratorate for Directly Accepting Serious Cases of Dereliction of Duty and Infringement (Trial). This index mainly reflects the cases with great economic losses and serious social harm among the duty crime cases investigated by the people’s procuratorate.


key criminal case Refers to crimes committed by cadres at or above the county level. This indicator mainly reflects the situation that cadres at or above the county level are placed on file for investigation by the people’s procuratorate according to law in duty crime cases.


approve an arrest It means that the people’s procuratorate examines the criminal suspects arrested by the public security, state security organs and prison management organs, and makes a decision to arrest according to the facts. This indicator mainly reflects the situation that the people’s procuratorate makes a decision to approve the arrest according to law after examining the criminal suspect who has been arrested.


Decide to arrest Refers to the arrest decision made by the people’s procuratorate in accordance with the law when it deems it necessary to arrest the criminal suspect in a case directly put on file for investigation. This indicator mainly reflects the people’s procuratorate’s exercise of the right to decide on arrest in cases directly accepted.


to prosecute Refers to the people’s procuratorate to the public security, state security organs, prison management organs and procuratorial organs investigation department to review the case, according to the facts, make a public prosecution case. This indicator mainly reflects the situation that people’s procuratorates have prosecuted various criminal cases in people’s courts.


criminal case Refers to cases investigated by public security organs, state security organs and prison management organs in accordance with the provisions of jurisdiction.


Apply summary procedure Refers to the people’s court may be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention, public surveillance, and a single fine. The facts are clear and the evidence is sufficient, and the people’s procuratorate suggests or agrees to apply summary procedures; Cases handled only after telling; A minor criminal case prosecuted by the victim with evidence.


first trial Refers to the first instance procedure of public prosecution cases.


review Refers to a case retried by the people’s court in accordance with the procedure of trial supervision.


Lodge a protest Refers to the litigation activities in which the people’s procuratorate considers that the judgment or ruling of the people’s court is really wrong and proposes to the people’s court to retry the case. Including protests in accordance with the procedure of second instance and protests in accordance with the procedure of trial supervision (retrial procedure).


Withdraw the protest Refers to the protest filed by the people’s procuratorate at a higher level against the people’s procuratorate at a lower level in accordance with the procedure of second instance. After examination, it is considered that the protest is inappropriate and the protest is withdrawn to the people’s court at the same level, and the people’s procuratorate at a lower level who lodged the protest is notified at the same time.


register Refers to the decision to file a case for review.


Draw a protest Refers to the case that the people’s procuratorate at the same level refers to the case that our hospital has the right to lodge a protest to the people’s procuratorate at a lower level, and the people’s procuratorate at a lower level considers that it should lodge a protest and suggests that the people’s procuratorate at a higher level lodge a protest.


protest Refers to the case protested by the people’s procuratorate at the corresponding level.


Withdraw the protest Refers to the case that the people’s procuratorate that made the protest decision found that the protest was improper, or withdrew the protest from the people’s court after receiving the decision of the people’s procuratorate at a higher level to cancel the protest.


Filing supervision Refers to the supervision of the people’s procuratorate on the criminal filing activities of the investigation organs. Including the supervision of filing a case without filing a case and the supervision of filing a case without filing a case.


Supervise the filing of cases It includes two contents: the investigation organ takes the initiative to file a case after receiving the request to explain the reasons for not filing a case and the execution notice to file a case.


Supervise the withdrawal of the case Refers to the supervision of the people’s procuratorate on the investigation organ’s filing of a case when it should not be filed.


Regulatory activities Refers to the supervision of the management activities of prisons and other places of supervision and reform.


Holiday reduction insurance" Refers to the supervision of the people’s procuratorate on the illegal situation in the commutation, parole and medical parole of criminals.


accept and hear a case Refers to the situation in which the people’s procuratorate accepts the complaint. Including letters and visits.


File a case for review Refers to the people’s procuratorate after accepting the appeal, after examination and decision to file a case for review.


wind up/close/conclude a case Refers to the case with the result of filing a case for review.


First report Refers to the unit or individual who reports the suspected corruption and bribery crimes of state functionaries by letter or visit, and the suspected dereliction of duty and infringement crimes of state functionaries. Does not include the number of repeated reports.


First accusation Refers to the unit or individual since the letter, visit form to report national staff illegal or suspected of criminal offences. Does not include the number of repeated charges.


First appeal Complaints in the form of letters and visits that refuse to accept the decision of the people’s procuratorate or the judgment or ruling of the people’s court. Does not include repeated complaints.


Send it to the procuratorate Refers to the people’s procuratorate to accept the report, complaint and appeal cases, after examination, according to different situations, or directly handled by the complaint department, or transferred to the relevant business departments of our hospital, or transferred to other people’s procuratorates.


Jinguo Wenminggang Refers to the creation of "Women’s Civilization Post", which is to meet the needs of the socialist market economy and serve the overall situation of national reform, development and stability, and is organized by the All-China Women’s Federation.24Several ministries and commissions initiated and launched a mass spiritual civilization creation activity aimed at encouraging women to strive for excellence, make contributions to their posts and become talents.


Wuhao civilized family It refers to "patriotism and law-abiding, enthusiasm for public welfare", "learning and enterprising, loving their posts and being dedicated to their work", "equality between men and women, respecting the old and loving the young", "changing customs, having fewer children and being good", "managing the family diligently and protecting the environment", and the selection conditions are the best among the best.


Number of parent schools of various types In order to further promote the healthy development of family education, spread the advanced concepts of family education, and help parents master the scientific knowledge and teaching methods of family education, according to the requirements of parents of children of different ages and parents of children with special needs, the number of various types of parent schools and the number of broadcast parent schools run on radio and television. These schools have played a very good role in improving the quality of parents and the level of family education. The school is required to have institutions, fixed venues and teachers, teaching materials, assessment, annual work plans and complete files.


Chunlei primary school Refers to schools built or rebuilt with donations from China Children’s and Teenagers’ Fund, including schools built with donations from women’s federations at all levels.


Mother water cellar Refers to the water cellar built by the China Women’s Development Foundation to help mothers and children in the arid areas of western China solve the drinking water problem and raise funds from all walks of life.


Mother health express It refers to the medical ambulance undertaken by the China Women’s Development Foundation and donated by all sectors of society to help women and children in poverty-stricken areas in the west solve the problem of medical treatment.

Four directions of financial support for real estate are clear, and a number of structural tools will be released.

  "Recently, we are studying and launching several other structural tools, mainly focusing on supporting the smooth operation of the real estate market, including the Baojiaolou loan support plan, the housing rental loan support plan, and the private enterprise bond financing support tools. We will make some other detailed disclosures and releases after the introduction." On January 13, at the press conference of the State Council Office, Zou Lan, Director of the Monetary Policy Department of the Central Bank, introduced.

  In the past few days, the real estate policy has been favorable. On the 10th, the People’s Bank of China and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission jointly held a symposium on credit work of major banks. At the symposium, CBN was informed that in order to effectively prevent and resolve the risks of high-quality head housing enterprises and improve their assets and liabilities, the relevant departments drafted the Action Plan for Improving the Balance Sheet Plan of High-quality Housing Enterprises (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan). The action plan focuses on 21 tasks from four aspects: assets, liabilities, rights and interests, and expectations, including the implementation of some issued policies and some new policies.

  Chen Wenjing, director of market research in the Index Division of the Central Finger Research Institute, said that the four major policy directions of financial support for real estate are clearer: differentiated credit support on the demand side, improvement of policy tools for guaranteeing the delivery of buildings, improvement of the balance sheets of high-quality housing enterprises, and improvement of financial support policies for housing leasing.

  Improve the balance sheet of high-quality housing enterprises

  From the specific content of the action plan, on the asset side, we should activate reasonable demand by optimizing policies, increase efforts to guarantee the delivery of buildings, stabilize real estate sales, compact the responsibility of enterprises to slim down and save themselves, and strive to improve the operating cash flow of high-quality housing enterprises. We will support the demand for rigid and improved housing, speed up the special loan for newly-added Baojiaolou, set up a 200-billion-yuan loan support plan for Baojiaolou, set up a special re-loan for national asset management companies, and set up a 100-billion-yuan housing rental loan support plan. A series of measures are accelerating.

  On the debt side, under the premise of risk control and ensuring the security of creditor’s rights, we will start with the stock and increment, increase the multi-channel financing support such as loans, bonds and asset management, and keep the financing cash flow of high-quality housing enterprises stable.

  On the equity side, support high-quality housing enterprises to enrich their capital through equity financing measures, reduce financial leverage and enhance their ability to resist risks.

  In terms of the expected improvement of the real estate market, it is clear that it is necessary to establish a positive image of high-quality housing enterprises, ensure the delivery time and quality of commercial housing, improve the quality of financial statements and information disclosure of housing enterprises, improve market expectations and rebuild industry confidence.

  Zou Lan said at the press conference that the action plan focuses on high-quality real estate enterprises that focus on their main business, operate in compliance, have good qualifications and have certain systemic importance, and focuses on promoting 21 tasks in four aspects: asset activation, debt succession, equity supplement and expected promotion. Comprehensive measures are taken to improve the cash flow of high-quality real estate enterprises and guide the balance sheets of high-quality real estate enterprises to return to a safe range. These tasks include not only the implementation of the policies that have been issued, but also a series of new measures such as setting up special refinancing for national asset management companies and setting up housing rental loan support plans.

  While clarifying the basic conditions of high-quality housing enterprises, the action plan indicates that there is no specific list, and financial institutions can grasp it independently. At present, most real estate enterprises that have signed intention credit agreements with state-owned banks and other prime bank can be classified as high-quality real estate enterprises. The industry also believes that the absence of a specific list means that the scope of supporting enterprises is also expanding.

  Liu Shui, director of enterprise research at the China Central Finger Research Institute, believes that the formulation of the action plan shows that the management department has made a more systematic and overall solution to prevent and resolve the risks of high-quality head housing enterprises. "Asset activation effectively improves the operating and financing cash flow of housing enterprises. Debt continues to ease the liquidity tension. Supplement equity, optimize the structure of assets and liabilities, and reduce leverage ratio. The expected improvement will repair industry confidence. "

  "Three lines and four gears" will be adjusted

  What is particularly striking is that the action plan clearly needs to improve the "three lines and four files" rules for 30 pilot housing enterprises, and improve some parameter settings on the basis of keeping the overall framework of the rules unchanged.

  The so-called "three lines and four gears" means that in August 2020, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the central bank held a symposium on key real estate enterprises, at which three regulatory requirements were put forward: the asset-liability ratio excluding advance payments should not be greater than 70%, the net debt ratio should not be greater than 100%, and the cash short-term debt ratio should not be less than 1 times.

  According to the number of lines on the "three red lines", real estate enterprises are divided into four grades of management: red, orange, yellow and green. For each grade reduction, the upper limit of the growth rate of interest-bearing liabilities will increase by 5%, and the annual growth rate of interest-bearing liabilities of real estate enterprises in the green position should not exceed 15%.

  According to the regulatory requirements, from January 1, 2021, housing enterprises officially entered the test period of reducing leverage; By the end of June 2023, all the "three red lines" indicators of pilot housing enterprises must meet the standards, and all housing enterprises will meet the standards by the end of 2023.

  Since then, downshifting, debt reduction and burden reduction have become the main theme of housing enterprise management. In this tide of reducing leverage, many housing enterprises optimize their balance sheets by reducing borrowing and controlling land acquisition. Until 2021, the leverage ratio of the whole industry generally showed a downward trend. However, since 2022, affected by repeated epidemics, supply cuts and other factors, the sales of housing enterprises have fallen sharply, and the return and cash holdings have dropped significantly. The "stepping on the line" housing enterprises have a tendency to expand.

  According to Cree’s statistics, from the classification of sample real estate enterprises, the number of real estate enterprises stepping on the line has increased significantly since the middle of 2021, and the proportion of green housing enterprises in the first half of 2022 has dropped from 42% at the beginning of the year to 32%; The proportion of yellow, orange and red housing enterprises has risen, and the proportion of red housing enterprises has increased year by year, from 7% in mid-2021 to 17% in mid-2022.

  At the same time, there is the problem of excessive contraction of financial institutions. Some financial institutions will require that the balance of interest-bearing liabilities of "red-file" enterprises should not be increased, which is misunderstood as that banks are not allowed to issue new development loans. After the enterprises pay back the loans, the newly started projects that should have been reasonably supported will not get loans, which has also caused some enterprises’ capital chains to be tight to some extent.

  Last year, industry suggestions for fine-tuning the "three red lines" began to appear. For example, Sheng Songcheng, former director of the Survey and Statistics Department of the People’s Bank of China, suggested in April last year that the deleveraging cycle should be appropriately extended without changing the goal of deleveraging policy, including appropriately adjusting the three red lines and loan concentration assessment requirements, so as to gain time for the industry to respond to the epidemic.

  At the beginning of last year, there was market news that banks had informed some large-scale high-quality real estate enterprises that the relevant M&A loans were no longer included in the "three red lines" related indicators for the debt-bearing acquisition of insurance enterprise projects. However, the "third line and fourth gear" is still an important criterion for financial institutions to judge housing enterprises.

  Experts interviewed in the industry believe that the "three red lines" standard will be fine-tuned, and it is expected that the requirements of the red line will not change. It may be the same as the loan concentration, extending or setting the transition period, weakening different gears, and increasing the tolerance for debt growth. The requirements for land acquisition and cash flow will also decrease. As a result, some enterprises will have certain leverage space.

  Yan Yuejin, research director of Shanghai Yiju Real Estate Research Institute, believes that mortgage concentration and three red lines will continue to be implemented, and the overall reform idea is still in line with the long-term mechanism of real estate financial management, but it will be combined with short-term and medium-and long-term work. At present, the short-term emergency policy will be emphasized, so the concentration of mortgage and the three red lines will be relaxed or buffered.

  Liu Shui said that reasonably extending the transition period of the real estate loan concentration management system and improving the parameter setting of the "three-line and four-file" rules of housing enterprises will give housing enterprises a relaxed financing environment and reduce the pressure of financing and debt. On the one hand, extend the transition period of real estate loan concentration management system, reduce the credit constraints of banks, and provide loose conditions for banks to support real estate financing. On the other hand, according to the actual situation of the industry, flexibly adjusting and perfecting the parameter settings of "three lines and four gears" and reducing the requirements for housing enterprises can reduce the pressure on the operation, financing and debt of housing enterprises.

  The market is expected to go out of the trough.

  "The industry’s debt structure is highly diversified, and financial liabilities only account for 31%, of which bank development loans account for 14%, domestic and foreign bonds account for 9%, and non-standard financing accounts for 8%; The rest are mainly 30% of the upstream and downstream enterprises, 32% of the individual house payment in advance, and 7% of the taxes and fees delayed. " Zou Lan said at the press conference.

  Real estate has a systematic impact on economic development and risk prevention and control. The Central Economic Work Conference made it clear that to effectively prevent and resolve major economic and financial risks, it is necessary to ensure the stable development of the real estate market, do a solid job in ensuring the delivery of buildings, people’s livelihood and stability, meet the reasonable financing needs of the industry, effectively prevent and resolve the risks of high-quality head housing enterprises, and improve the balance sheet.

  Since 2022, in response to some adjustments in the real estate market, financial management departments have made efforts from both supply and demand to promote the smooth operation of the real estate market. With the gradual emergence of relevant policies, the financing environment of the real estate industry, especially high-quality housing enterprises, has improved significantly.

  Zou Lan introduced that from September to November 2022, real estate development loans increased by more than 170 billion yuan, an increase of more than 200 billion yuan year-on-year. In the fourth quarter of 2022, domestic real estate corporate bonds issued more than 120 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22%.

  "Recently, many banks have signed a huge amount of strategic credit cooperation with real estate enterprises, but they are all thunder and rain." A person from the investment banking department of a brokerage firm who has been tracking the real estate sector for a long time said that banks may delay the landing on the grounds that the concentration of real estate loans has been relatively high. If the action plan is followed up, it may clear the way for financial institutions such as banks to provide support to the real estate industry.

  Yuan Hao, an analyst in the real estate industry of Shenwan Hongyuan, believes that improving the "three lines and four files" rules for 30 pilot housing enterprises indicates that the scope of the "guarantee subject" will be further expanded, and the debt growth ceiling of the "four files" housing enterprises will be optimized, especially the green file housing enterprises may have more room for expansion at the debt end, and the subsequent green file housing enterprises will be more active in land acquisition and help the sales increase steadily.

  Lian Ping, chief economist and dean of the research institute of Zhixin Investment, believes that in 2023, driven by stronger policies, the real estate market is expected to gradually step out of the "trough" in the second half of the second quarter, and key cities will take the lead in stabilizing and rebounding. The growth rate of real estate sales, land acquisition and investment throughout the year is marginally improved compared with that in 2022. At the same time, a series of factors such as improved demand, improved employment environment, accelerated repair of service consumption, increased support for boosting policies and low base will promote a significant rebound in social consumption.

Can "insured price limit" stabilize the property market? The industry thinks there is only one result.

  Near the end of the year, many real estate projects started more discount promotion activities in order to withdraw funds as soon as possible, which triggered the dissatisfaction of some pre-purchase owners.

  In this regard, the relevant government departments in different cities have given completely different responses, which are basically divided into two factions — —

  Some government departments have recently stated that they will not interfere with the independent price adjustment of real estate, and some government departments in some cities still say that they will talk to real estate enterprises to avoid their price reduction behavior disrupting market order.

  In fact, from the second half of 2021 to the first half of 2023, under the downward pressure of the property market, many real estate enterprises have tried to promote sales through price reduction, while many local governments will stabilize market prices through a paper "limit order".

  An obvious change now is that the local government’s restrictions on the price reduction of new houses are being liberalized. Some experts told CBN that the "limit order" in some places has long been unbearable. In order to clear the warehouse and withdraw funds, housing enterprises will operate various names to secretly reduce prices and avoid the "limit order". The gradual cancellation of the "limit order" will help the market restore liquidity to a certain extent.

  Two options

  In the past month, new commercial housing in several hot cities began a new round of price reduction, which caused some owners’ dissatisfaction and complaints.

  The First Financial Reporter saw at the "Hanshan Wenzhong" forum hosted by the Suzhou Municipal Government that some netizens complained recently that the price reduction rate of Poly Yunshang Streamer Project in Xiangcheng District of Suzhou was originally 20% off, and then it was directly reduced to 75% off, and the total price dropped from more than 2.2 million to 2.1 million yuan. "In less than two months, the price was reduced by 100,000 to 200,000 yuan." The netizen also questioned that there is such a large price reduction in the short term of the auction property, which may affect the delivery quality behind it.

  Regarding this complaint, the Eighth Branch of Suzhou Xiangcheng District Market Supervision Administration responded: "The simple discount promotion behavior does not violate the relevant provisions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Price Law."

  On the "Leadership Message Board" forum hosted by People’s Daily Online, there are many similar complaints.

  Some netizens in Huizhou, Guangdong Province said on the "Leadership Message Board": "The developers of new houses in Daya Bay maliciously cut prices, and the market is completely chaotic, which will only be more unsalable." The netizen said that in the past, the price limit of new houses in Daya Bay should not exceed 10% on the basis of the filing price, and the discount on group purchase price should not be lower than 20%. However, many properties engaged in price competition, and the market showed a discount of 30% or even lower. "When the old owner bought a house, the interest rate was ridiculously high. The total interest was several hundred thousand yuan more than what he bought now. There was nowhere to complain, and the house had not been closed, and the house price lost several hundred thousand."

  Regarding this netizen’s complaint, the Housing Management Bureau of Huizhou Daya Bay Economic and Technological Development Zone replied in November this year: "The problem of price reduction sales is a matter of independent market adjustment, which is determined by developers and enterprises according to the influence of market factors. Regarding preferential compensation and refund for check-out, we suggest that you can negotiate with the development enterprise according to the agreement signed by both parties. If negotiation fails, you can safeguard your legitimate rights and interests through legal channels. "

  Judging from the above response, the attitude of the relevant departments in Xiangcheng District of Suzhou and Daya Bay Economic and Technological Development Zone of Huizhou is "returning the market to the market", and the government departments no longer interfere too much in the pricing of new houses.

  However, other local government departments have different responses.

  For example, on November 11th this year, a property buyer in Jiaxing, Zhejiang complained on People’s Daily Online’s "Leadership Message Board" that the local outstanding Xiuchen Huafu had drastically reduced its price, and the developer used the name of "Double Eleven" to significantly reduce the price and promote sales, and gave the buyer a huge discount of 200,000 yuan in cash by using internal employees to purchase their own houses and work to arrive at the house, which "seriously disrupted the new house market and harmed the interests of early buyers".

  The Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau of Xiuzhou District, Jiaxing responded to this netizen, saying: Regarding this situation, our bureau has conducted an interview with the local government on the development enterprise, asking the enterprise to avoid the behavior that seriously disrupts the new house sales market, and at the same time, our bureau will further strengthen the quality and fund supervision of the project to ensure the normal project.

  On November 22nd and 24th this year, many Chengdu residents reported on the online mass work platform in Sichuan Province that the price of the Poly COFCO Huguang Jinyun Project in the East New District of Chengdu was "maliciously reduced to disrupt the market", and the licensed price of the project was 15,000-17,000 yuan/square meter, but it was later sold at an average price of 9,000 yuan/square meter, with a drop of more than 40%.

  The Management Committee of Chengdu East New District immediately responded that the Public Service Bureau of the district had verified the situation. The Huguang Jinyun project was suspected of disturbing the normal order of the real estate market due to excessive price fluctuations, and it was temporarily unable to apply for online signing and filing.

  More than 20 cities have issued "limit orders"

  Some cities began to relax the "limit" requirement for new houses, which is a new trend recently.

  From the second half of 2021 to the first half of 2023, under the downward pressure of the property market, many properties tried to promote sales through price reduction, but they waited for a "limit order" from the local government.

  According to incomplete statistics, at least 22 cities (or districts) including Heze, Shandong, Yueyang, Hunan, Kunming, Hebei, Tangshan, Shenyang, Liaoning, Jiangyin, Jiangsu and Zhuzhou, Hunan have issued relevant regulations, requiring new commercial housing not to be sold at a reduced price at will.

  For example, in June 2022, many departments of Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone in Fujian jointly issued the Notice on Further Standardizing the Order of Commercial Housing Sales Market in the Experimental Zone, which mentioned that when selling commercial housing, the actual sales price of real estate development enterprises should not exceed 15% of the filing price, and if it exceeds the prescribed range, it will not be filed for online signing.

  In other cities, the limit of decline is even less, only 5% lower than the filing price. At the end of March, 2023, the Hefei Municipal People’s Government replied to the buyers in the "Leadership Message Board", saying: According to the Price Law, the Notice on Forwarding the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisions on Clearly Marking the Price of Commercial Housing in Anhui Province, and the General Office of Hefei Municipal Government’s Opinions on Further Promoting the Stable and Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market in Hefei, the price of commercial housing is regulated by the market, and the government price management department does not directly approve the price of commercial housing. Enterprises in accordance with the "one room, one price" for the record, according to the record price for publicity and external sales. The downward range of the actual sales price of commercial housing shall not exceed 5% of the filing price. If it exceeds 5%, it is necessary to re-apply for price change procedures through the "house price online filing system".

  At that time, the Development and Reform Commission of Feixi County, Hefei ordered the company to suspend the sale at a reduced price, and it must re-apply for price change procedures before it can be listed for sale.

  Suzhou, which has recently led the new trend of "relaxing the price limit of new houses", was punished for reducing the price of real estate just over half a year ago, which once triggered a heated discussion.

  In May this year, two properties in Kunshan, Suzhou — — Mengzhiyue Garden Project and Shangbin Garden Project were punished by local government departments in Kunshan for "selling at a large price without authorization". The two projects were required to be rectified immediately, and the online sign was temporarily closed. "Bad behavior" was recorded in the annual credit file.

  Expert: canceling the "limit order" is conducive to market liquidity.

  “‘ Limit the decline ’ Or ‘ Insured price ’ This is a difficult multi-party game. " A senior person from a large real estate company in East China told the First Financial Reporter.

  The source said that many real estate developers who have worked for a long time have experienced the cycle of real estate price increase. At that time, it was easy to sell houses, and customers would come to the door themselves. The marketing department also had to introduce various rules to screen customers. He believes that the real estate project will eventually come to the step of drastically reducing prices and promoting sales, which is bound to be a helpless move. "The project may have faced long-term unsalable sales, or the group may have difficulties in funds, and issued instructions to quickly destock and withdraw funds. This is the market difference and the effect of the superposition of problems in the capital chain of housing enterprises."

  "Generally speaking, in a region, several projects on sale at the same time are competing products. In this market environment, it is possible for the first to cut prices to run first, attracting customers who are interested in buying houses in the region, and the remaining projects are very difficult to do. There is basically no market with no price reduction. If you follow the trend of price reduction, the market atmosphere will be worse and a vicious circle will occur." He said.

  For some places, the price reduction of housing enterprises is no longer restricted. He believes that in the past, most local governments had the idea of "stabilizing housing prices and stabilizing land prices", so they will control the price of new houses to remain stable. However, if the "limit order" has been implemented for a long time, the market has not improved, and local governments will consider handing over prices to the market for regulation.

  Regarding the relaxation of the price limit of new houses, a salesperson of a first-tier real estate enterprise in Suzhou told reporters: "The first ones that drastically cut prices are the ones that are just needed. Customers are very sensitive to prices, and the price reduction strategy is more effective for them. However, for improved real estate, the price is difficult to drop, and price reduction means lowering the standard, so the situation of quality real estate in this environment is rather embarrassing. "

  The source said that as far as she knows, some housing enterprises are facing serious capital turnover problems by the end of the year, and there is no better way to inform subsidiaries to clear their positions and withdraw funds as soon as possible.

  Lu Wenxi, a senior analyst of Zhongyuan Real Estate, believes that although many places have issued "limit orders" in the past, after a long time, everyone found that "limit orders" could not really control the price reduction behavior of housing enterprises. "For example, some local governments stipulate that the discount rate of real estate should not exceed 15% of the filing price. Although real estate enterprises claim not to discount in actual operation, there are many other names, such as sending property management fees for several years, sending parking spaces, and even sending gold and cash to real estate enterprises. In fact, the limit order has already been ‘ In name only ’ 。”

  For many homeowners who have complained about the sharp price cuts of real estate enterprises, Lu Wenxi believes that buyers need to have the spirit of contract and be responsible for their own investment behavior.

  "After buying a house, the owner found that the house price has fallen and asked the government not to let the developer reduce the price. This request is unreasonable. The local government’s protection of the rights and interests of buyers should be reflected in urging housing enterprises to ensure that the houses are delivered on time and in good quality, instead of going to ceiling price. " Lu Wenxi told the First Financial Reporter.

  He believes that many local governments have liberalized the price of new houses in order to maintain the liquidity of the real estate market. "If we blindly limit the price reduction of real estate enterprises, the market will be completely illiquid and completely frozen, but it will bring more problems and contradictions. Therefore, at this stage, we should let the market play its price adjustment mechanism and let the transaction volume climb up, so that the real estate sales end can recover."

One COVID-19 vaccine hits two people, is it wrong? Guangdong CDC responded!

National Covid-19 vaccine

The vaccination work is being carried out in an orderly manner.

Recently,

When some citizens went to vaccinate, they found that,

A bottle of vaccine can be used by two people,

Is it the wrong number?

Is this standard operation?

On May 11th, Guangdong CDC responded: Don’t worry! This is a two-person packaged COVID-19 vaccine that has just come on the market, and one bottle can be used by two people.

△ Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Zeguo photo

What is a two-person package?

COVID-19 vaccine?

Two-person package means that one vaccine can inoculate two people, and each bottle is 1.0 ml (dosage for two people), and the dosage for each person is 0.5ml. The vaccine packaged for 2 people is exactly the same as the vaccine packaged for 1 person, except that the packaging color and filling dose are different, which does not affect the individual vaccination effect.

In fact, many vaccines are packaged in multiple doses. For example, the BCG vaccine vaccinated in obstetrics at birth is packaged in five doses, the live attenuated polio vaccine (drops) in children’s immunization program is packaged in ten doses, the group A meningococcal vaccine vaccinated at the age of six months is packaged in five doses, and the diphtheria vaccine vaccinated at the age of six is packaged in four doses.

Therefore, whether it is the vaccination effect of the vaccine or the doctor’s operation technology, everyone does not need to worry, and can be vaccinated with confidence.

△ Source: Xinhua News Agency

2-person packaged vaccine

What are the advantages?

Vaccine supply guarantee is the key factor to actively and steadily promote vaccination in Covid-19. At present, the production capacity of Covid-19 vaccine in China is greatly influenced by filling and packaging. With the approval of relevant state departments, COVID-19 vaccine manufacturers will successively produce a single COVID-19 vaccine packaged for two people.

Two-person packaging can improve the production efficiency and supply of vaccines, so that more people can get vaccinated as soon as possible, especially suitable for large-scale vaccination at present.

2-person packaged vaccine

Do you want two shots, too?

Like the vaccination procedure for a single dose, the vaccine packaged for two people needs to be vaccinated twice in the whole process, and the interval between the two doses is suggested to be greater than or equal to 3 weeks (21 days), and the second dose should be completed as soon as possible within 8 weeks (56 days).

The first shot was a single shot,

Can the second injection be used for two people?

The Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention said that it can be vaccinated. At present, all Covid-19 vaccines used in Guangdong are inactivated vaccines. If the first shot is inactivated vaccine, no matter whether the manufacturer is Beijing Kexing or China Bio, two doses of inactivated vaccine can be selected for the second shot.

△ Source: Xinhua News Agency

At present,

The national cumulative report of vaccination against Covid-19 vaccine.

It has exceeded 300 million doses!

However, on May 8th, Zhong Nanshan, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, said by video that China, as a populous country, has withstood the first stage of the epidemic since the COVID-19 epidemic occurred more than a year ago, but it can’t be ignored. "Now the global epidemic situation is still very grim, and the vaccination rate of China vaccine is still not high, which is far from universal immunization, so we still need to attach great importance to it and guard against the risk of importing the epidemic."

At present, the global epidemic situation in COVID-19 has not ended, and some countries have even lost control of the epidemic situation. We are always exposed to the risk of the epidemic situation and are always affected by imported cases. Therefore, timely vaccination is the safest, most efficient and most economical way to realize group immunity.

Five Domestic COVID-19 Vaccines

Approved conditional listing or emergency use

Beijing Bio-COVID-19 Vaccine, a national medicine, stands out from the encirclement and is the first to be certified by the World Organization. It is also the only inactivated vaccine among the six approved vaccines.

At the beginning of the epidemic, China laid out five technical routes for vaccine research and development: inactivated vaccine, adenovirus vector vaccine, gene recombination vaccines, attenuated influenza virus vector vaccine and nucleic acid vaccine. At present, three Covid-19 vaccines produced by five manufacturers have been approved for conditional marketing or emergency use.

Three kinds of inactivated vaccines

It was produced by Sinopharm Group China Bio-Beijing Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd. (Beijing Institute), Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd. (Wuhan Institute) and Beijing Kexing Zhongwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Kexing Zhongwei) respectively. The main principle is to use African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells to culture and amplify the virus, inactivate the virus by β-propiolactone, retain antigen components to induce immune response, and add aluminum hydroxide adjuvant to improve immunogenicity. The vaccine needs 2 doses, and the interval between the two doses is recommended to be ≥3 weeks, and the second dose should be completed as soon as possible within 8 weeks.

An adenovirus vector vaccine

Produced by Kangxinuo Bio-Co., Ltd., the principle is to recombine the spike glycoprotein (S protein) gene of the new coronavirus into the replication-deficient human adenovirus type 5 gene, and the recombinant adenovirus expresses Covid-19 S protein antigen in vivo to induce immune response, and the vaccine only needs one dose.

A recombinant subunit vaccine

Produced by Anhui Zhifeilong Kema Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., the principle is to recombine the new coronavirus S protein receptor binding region (RBD) gene into China hamster ovary (CHO) cell gene, express it in vitro to form RBD dimer, and add aluminum hydroxide adjuvant to improve immunogenicity.

The vaccine needs 3 doses, and the interval between two adjacent doses is recommended to be ≥4 weeks. The second dose should be completed within 8 weeks after the first dose, and the third dose should be completed within 6 months after the first dose.

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Original title: "One COVID-19 vaccine hits 2 people, is it wrong? Guangdong CDC responded! 》

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Notice of the People’s Bank of China on strengthening the management of payment and settlement and preventing new illegal crimes in telecommunication networks

Yinfa [2016] No.261

China People’s Bank Shanghai Headquarters, branches, business management departments, city center branches of provincial capitals, and Shenzhen center branch; China Development Bank, policy banks, state-owned commercial banks, joint-stock commercial banks and China Postal Savings Bank; China UnionPay Co., Ltd., China Payment and Clearing Association; All non-bank payment institutions:

  In order to effectively prevent new types of illegal crimes in telecommunication networks and effectively protect people’s property safety and legitimate rights and interests, relevant matters concerning strengthening payment and settlement management are hereby notified as follows:

  First, strengthen the management of real-name account system

  (1) Comprehensively promote the classified management of individual accounts.

  1. Personal bank settlement account. Since December 1, 2016, if a banking financial institution (hereinafter referred to as a bank) opens a bank settlement account for an individual, the same person can only open a Class I account in the same bank (taking a legal person as the unit, the same below), and has already opened a Class I account. If a new account is opened, a Class II account or a Class III account shall be opened. If a bank charges off-site handling fees for off-site deposit and withdrawal, transfer and other services within the bank, it shall be free within three months from the date of promulgation of this notice.

  If an individual opens more than one Class I account in the same bank before November 30, 2016, the bank shall clean up the situation of a large number of accounts opened by the same depositor and ask the depositor to make an explanation to verify the rationality of his account opening. If it is impossible to verify the rationality of opening an account, the bank should guide depositors to cancel or merge their accounts, or take measures such as reducing the category of accounts, so that depositors can use the account classification mechanism to deposit funds reasonably and protect the safety of funds.

  2. Personal payment account. Since December 1, 2016, if a non-bank payment institution (hereinafter referred to as the payment institution) opens a payment account for an individual, the same person can only open a Class III account in the same payment institution. The payment institution shall complete the clearing of existing payment accounts before November 30, 2016, contact the account holder to confirm the accounts that need to be kept, and reduce the category management or merge the remaining accounts; If the account holder fails to confirm the account within the specified time, the payment institution shall keep the account with high frequency of use and large amount, and can make changes according to its application later.

  (2) Suspending the business of all accounts under the name of the account holder involved. Since January 1, 2017, if the bank account and payment account used by criminals to carry out new illegal crimes in the telecommunication network have been identified by the public security organs at or above the municipal level and included in the list of "accounts involved" in the risk event management platform for new illegal and criminal transactions in the telecommunication network, banks and payment institutions will suspend all business of the account.

  Banks and payment institutions shall notify the account holder involved to re-verify his identity. If he fails to re-verify his identity with the bank or payment institution within 3 days, he shall suspend off-counter business for other bank accounts under the account holder’s name, and suspend all business for the payment account. After the bank and payment institution re-verify the identity of the account holder, they can resume other account businesses except the account involved; If the account holder confirms that the account has been opened under another person’s false name, he shall issue a statement to the bank and payment institution that the account has been opened under a false identity and agrees to cancel the account, and the bank and payment institution shall cancel the account.

  (3) establishing a disciplinary mechanism for buying and selling bank accounts and payment accounts, and opening accounts under false names. Since January 1, 2017, banks and payment institutions have suspended the off-counter business of bank accounts and all the business of payment accounts for the units and individuals who have been identified by the public security organs at or above the municipal level with districts as renting, lending, selling or purchasing bank accounts (including bank cards, the same below) and related organizers, and the units and individuals who have opened bank accounts or payment accounts under the guise of other people’s identities or fictitious agency relationships for three years. The People’s Bank of China will transfer the information of the above-mentioned units and individuals to the basic database of financial credit information and announce it to the public.

  (four) to strengthen the punishment of false accounts. When a bank handles the account opening business, it finds that an individual has opened an account by using someone else’s identity, and it shall report the case to the public security organ in time and hand over the identity certificate that has been used fraudulently to the public security organ.

  (5) Establish a prudent verification mechanism for unit account opening. Banks and payment institutions are not allowed to open accounts for units that are listed in the "list of serious illegal and untrustworthy enterprises" by the national enterprise credit information publicity system and verified by banks and payment institutions that the registered address of the unit does not exist or that the business premises are fictitious. Banks and payment institutions should check whether the enterprise is a serious illegal enterprise at least quarterly. If the situation is true, they should suspend their business within 3 months and gradually clean up.

  Banks and payment institutions should strengthen the verification of the unit’s willingness to open an account if there are abnormal situations such as the legal representative or responsible person’s unclear business scale and business background of the unit, and the registered place and business place are in different places. The bank shall sign the face-to-face with the legal representative or responsible person and keep the video and audio materials, etc. In principle, the non-counter business will not be opened at the initial stage of account opening, and it will be cautiously opened after further understanding. The payment institution shall keep the video and audio materials when the legal representative or person in charge of the unit opens an account.

  When a payment institution opens a payment account as a unit, it shall refer to Article 17, Article 24 and Article 26 of the Measures for the Administration of RMB Bank Settlement Accounts (promulgated by Order No.5 of the People’s Bank of China [2003]), require the unit to provide relevant supporting documents, and independently or entrust a cooperative institution to verify the identity of customers face to face, or conduct multiple cross-verification on the basic information of the unit through at least three legal and safe external channels in a non-face-to-face manner. For the unit that has opened a payment account before the date of issuance of this notice, the payment institution shall verify its identity according to the above requirements before the end of June 2017, and may not open a new payment account for it before the verification is completed; If the verification is not completed within the time limit, the payment account will only accept and not pay. After the payment institution completes the verification, it will report the relevant information to the branch of the People’s Bank of China where the legal person is located.

  Payment institutions should strengthen the monitoring of capital transactions and continuous customer management in using personal payment accounts to carry out business activities.

  (six) to strengthen the audit of abnormal account opening behavior. In any of the following circumstances, banks and payment institutions have the right to refuse to open an account:

  1. There are doubts about the identity information of the units and individuals, and the units and individuals refuse to show their auxiliary certificates.

  2. Units and individuals organize others to open accounts at the same time or in batches.

  3. There are obvious reasons to suspect that opening an account is engaged in illegal and criminal activities.

  Banks and payment institutions should strengthen the monitoring of account trading activities. For accounts with no transaction records within 6 months from the date of opening an account, banks should suspend their off-counter business, payment institutions should suspend all their business, and banks and payment institutions can resume their business after re-verifying their identities with units and individuals.

  (seven) strictly contact the corresponding relationship between the telephone number and the ID number. Banks and payment institutions shall establish a one-to-one correspondence between the contact telephone number and the number of personal identity documents, investigate and clean up the situation that many people use the same contact telephone number to open and use accounts, and contact relevant parties for confirmation. For adults to represent minors or the elderly to open an account and reserve their own contact telephone number, the relevant parties can keep it unchanged after issuing instructions; If the unit opens an account in batches and reserves the contact telephone number of financial personnel, it shall be changed to the contact telephone number of the account owner himself; If the rationality cannot be proved, the non-counter business shall be suspended in the relevant bank account, and all business shall be suspended in the payment account.

  Second, strengthen transfer management

  (8) Increase transfer methods and adjust transfer time. Since December 1, 2016, banks and payment institutions shall implement the following provisions when providing transfer services:

  1. Provide depositors with a variety of transfer methods, such as real-time account arrival, ordinary account arrival and next-day account arrival, and depositors can only handle business after selecting them.

  2. In addition to transferring money to my peer account, if an individual transfers money through self-service teller machines (including other self-service devices with deposit and withdrawal functions, the same below), the issuing bank will handle the fund transfer after 24 hours of acceptance. Within 24 hours after the issuing bank accepts the transfer, the individual may apply to the issuing bank for cancellation of the transfer. The accepting bank shall clearly indicate the processing time and revocable provisions of the transfer business in the acceptance result interface.

  3. If the bank handles the transfer business for individuals through self-service teller machines, it shall add Chinese voice prompts, and set anti-fraud reminders through words, signs, pop-ups and so on; The non-Chinese prompt interface shall provide Chinese prompts for core key fields such as fund transfer. If it is impossible to prompt, no transfer shall be provided.

  (9) Strengthen the management of off-counter bank transfers. Since December 1, 2016, when a bank opens a non-counter transfer business for depositors, it shall sign an agreement with depositors to stipulate the daily cumulative limit, the number of transactions and the annual cumulative limit for the transfer of non-counter channels to different bank accounts and payment accounts. If the limit and the number of transactions are exceeded, it shall be handled at the bank counter.

  In addition to transferring money to my peers’ accounts, banks handle off-counter transfer business for individuals. If the accumulated amount in a single day exceeds 50,000 yuan, safe and reliable payment instruction verification methods such as digital certificates or electronic signatures shall be adopted. If the single-day cumulative amount of non-counter transfer in a bank account of a unit or individual exceeds 1 million yuan and 300,000 yuan respectively, the bank shall remind the unit or individual of the large transaction before the transfer can be made.

  (ten) to strengthen the management of payment account transfer. Since December 1, 2016, when a payment institution opens a payment account for a unit or individual, it shall sign an agreement with the unit or individual to stipulate the daily cumulative transfer limit and the number of transactions between the payment account and the payment account and between the payment account and the bank account. If it exceeds the limit and the number of transactions, it shall not handle the transfer business again.

  (eleven) to strengthen the transaction background investigation. If banks and payment institutions find that there are a large number of transfer-in and transfer-out transactions in their accounts, they should investigate the transaction background of units or individuals in accordance with the principle of "know your customers". If any abnormality is found, relevant services provided to units and individuals shall be adjusted according to the principle of prudence.

  (twelve) to strengthen the fund settlement management of special merchants. When banks and payment institutions provide T+0 fund settlement services for special merchants, they shall strengthen transaction monitoring and risk management for special merchants, and shall not provide T+0 fund settlement services for special merchants who have been online for less than 90 days or have been trading normally for less than 30 days.

  Third, strengthen the management of bank card business

  (thirteen) strictly review the qualifications of special merchants and standardize the management of accepting terminals. No unit or individual may buy or sell POS machines (including MPOS), credit card readers and other acceptance terminals online. Banks and payment institutions shall conduct on-site inspections on all entity special merchants, and check the use locations of their acceptance terminals one by one. The business function will be stopped for accepting terminals that are illegally transferred and cannot confirm the actual place of use. Banks and payment institutions shall form inspection reports for future reference before November 30, 2016.

  (fourteen) to establish and improve the information management system and blacklist management mechanism of special merchants. China Payment and Clearing Association and bank card clearing institutions shall establish and improve the information management system of special merchants, and organize banks and payment institutions to record the basic information of special merchants, the start and termination of services, and the compliance risk status in detail. Banks and payment institutions shall prudently provide services to the same special merchants or special merchants controlled by the same person who repeatedly change service institutions and other abnormal situations.

  China Payment and Clearing Association and bank card clearing institution shall establish and improve the blacklist management mechanism of special merchants, and blacklist the special merchants whose services have been terminated by banks and payment institutions due to major violations, their legal representatives or responsible persons, special merchants and related individuals identified by public security organs as facilitating the transfer of illegal and criminal activities, and units and individuals with trading accounts identified by public security organs. China Payment and Clearing Association shall transfer the blacklist information to the basic database of financial credit information. Banks and payment institutions shall not expand the blacklisted units and units with relevant individuals as legal representatives or responsible persons into special merchants; If it has been expanded into a special merchant, it shall be retired within 10 days from the date when the special merchant is blacklisted.

  Fourth, strengthen the monitoring of suspicious transactions

  (fifteen) to ensure that the transaction information is true, complete and traceable. When a payment institution cooperates with a bank to carry out bank account payment or collection business, it shall strictly implement the Administrative Measures for Bank Card Receipt Business (promulgated by Order No.9 [2013] of the People’s Bank of China) and the Administrative Measures for Online Payment Business of Non-bank Payment Institutions (promulgated by Announcement No.43 [2015] of the People’s Bank of China) to ensure the authenticity, integrity and traceability of transaction information and the consistency in the whole payment process. Banks and payment institutions shall complete the system transformation in accordance with the technical standards of financial industry related to online payment messages before March 31, 2017. If the transformation is not completed within the time limit, the relevant business shall be suspended.

  (16) Strengthen account monitoring. Banks and payment institutions shall strengthen the monitoring of bank accounts and payment accounts, and establish and improve the monitoring model of suspicious transactions. Accounts and their fund transfers with the characteristics of suspicious transactions such as centralized transfer to decentralized transfer (see Annex 1 for details) shall be included in suspicious transactions.

  For accounts listed in suspicious transactions, banks and payment institutions shall verify the transactions with relevant units or individuals; If the bank and payment institution still consider the account suspicious after verification, the bank shall suspend the off-counter business of the account, and the payment institution shall suspend all business of the account, and submit suspicious transaction reports or key suspicious transaction reports in accordance with the regulations; Anyone suspected of violating the law or committing a crime shall report to the local public security organ in time.

  (seventeen) to strengthen the monitoring of suspicious transactions in payment and settlement. China Payment and Clearing Association and bank card clearing institutions shall, according to the suspicious transactions provided by public security organs, banks and payment institutions, construct a suspicious transaction monitoring model and publish it to banks and payment institutions.

  Five, improve the emergency stop payment and quick freezing mechanism.

  (eighteen) straighten out the working mechanism, access to the new illegal and criminal transaction risk event management platform of telecommunication network on schedule. Before November 30, 2016, the payment institution shall straighten out the workflow of assisting the competent authority to inquire, stop payment, freeze and deduct; Realize the query of account information and transaction flow, as well as account stop payment, freezing and deduction; Designate a special person to be responsible for assisting in the inquiry, payment suspension, freezing and deduction, and shall not shirk or delay. Banks and payment institutions engaged in online payment shall, in accordance with the relevant requirements, complete the development and transformation of the core system of their own units on time, and all of them will be connected to the new risk event management platform of illegal and criminal transactions in the telecommunication network before the end of 2016.

  Six, increase the crackdown on unlicensed institutions.

  (nineteen) to dispose of unlicensed institutions according to law. Branches of the People’s Bank of China shall make full use of the special risk rectification mechanism of payment institutions, strengthen cooperation with local governments, industrial and commercial departments, and public security organs, promptly issue administrative confirmation opinions on illegal fund payment and settlement, intensify the crackdown on unlicensed institutions, and dispose of a number of unlicensed operating institutions as soon as possible according to law. The Shanghai headquarters of the People’s Bank of China, all branches, business management departments, and city center branches of provincial capitals shall fill in the Work Schedule for Special Renovation of Unlicensed Payment Business on a monthly basis (see Annex 2) and report the work progress in their respective jurisdictions to the Head Office.

  Seven, the establishment of accountability mechanism.

  (twenty) strict punishment, the implementation of accountability. Branches, banks and payment institutions of the People’s Bank of China shall perform their duties and ensure that the work of cracking down on new types of illegal crimes in telecommunications networks has achieved practical results.

  Where a new type of illegal and criminal case of telecommunication network occurs, the implementation of the responsibilities of banks and payment institutions should be investigated. Banks and payment institutions that violate the relevant systems and the provisions of this notice shall be punished in accordance with the relevant provisions; If the circumstances are serious, the People’s Bank of China shall be punished according to the provisions of Article 46 of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the People’s Bank of China, and may take regulatory measures to suspend the opening of new accounts and handle payment business for one month to six months.

  Where the supervision responsibility of the branches of the People’s Bank of China is not implemented, resulting in the failure of banks and payment institutions within their jurisdiction to perform their duties effectively, and the public has suffered serious financial losses in the new illegal and criminal activities of telecommunications networks, resulting in adverse social impacts, the branches of the People’s Bank of China should be held accountable.

  Branches of the People’s Bank of China, banks, payment institutions, China Payment and Clearing Association and bank card clearing institutions shall report the implementation of this notice to the head office of the People’s Bank of China and fill in relevant statistical tables (see Annex 3 for specific submission methods and contents).

  The Shanghai Headquarters of the People’s Bank of China, branches, business management departments, provincial capital city sub-branches and Shenzhen city sub-branches are requested to forward this notice to city commercial banks, rural commercial banks, rural cooperative banks, village banks, urban credit cooperatives, rural credit cooperatives and foreign banks within their respective jurisdictions in a timely manner.

  All units in the implementation of any problems, please report to the people’s bank in a timely manner.

People’s Bank of China

September 30, 2016

Midnight Food Store’s behind-the-scenes special Vision Wei Eddie Peng Yuyan and other stars are super dedicated.

1905 movie network news The film Midnight Food Store, which will be released nationwide on August 30th and directed by Tony Leung Ka Fai for the first time, today released a behind-the-scenes special edition of "Master as a Cloud", which revealed the identity of the master of the stars. The uncle who cooks in the canteen is actually the film director Tony Leung Ka Fai, obviously Vision Wei, who is a taxi driver and also a part-time mechanic. Yang Shining, an amateur boxer, pays attention to his career and love, while Eddie Peng Yuyan, a fitness coach, teaches people to fight boxing without lifting iron. … … Seemingly ordinary people have unusual master skills, only to stay in Midnight Food Store to stage strength tricks. The tidbits and stills exposed at the same time truly show the behind-the-scenes state of the stars’ dedicated preparation for the play, and the degree of professionalism can be seen.


The film is adapted from the Japanese comic book of the same name in Misaki Arai, starring Tony Leung Ka Fai, Vision Wei, Junyan Jiao, Zheng Xinyi, Zhang Yishang, Jin Shijia, Jin Yanling, Feng Cuifan, Zhang Li, Liang Jingkang, Du Yuchen and Wang Jingwen, with Deng Chao as the special star, Yang Youning, Peng Yuxi, Liu Tao, Zhang Yibai, Chen Jianzhou, Hao Ping, Jiang Wenli and Wu Ting.

 

Master Diners Fancy Skills Exhibition, multi-faceted stars, super-dedicated, trying to figure out the details, "colorful and tasteful" crew


Since the official announcement of the film "Midnight Food Store", every release of materials has tried to bring warmth and encouragement to the audience, but this special edition of "Master as a Cloud" has aimed the camera behind the scenes, showing all the "colorful flavor" of the crew. Vision Wei plays a taxi driver in Tang and Song Dynasties, and learned auto repair for a living; Yang Shining starred as an amateur boxer, open source, a muscle to engage in career, but also part-time love; Eddie Peng Yuyan plays a fitness instructor, but he still needs to play in person … … Every ordinary diner who visits Midnight Food Store bears multiple "master" identities, and the change of identities is a challenge to acting skills, and the handsome appearance displayed by the strong bodies of the actors greatly enhances the good-looking "chroma" of the film.


This time, in addition to showing the many faces of the characters in the film in more detail, the tidbits and stills exposed at the same time will also disclose the real state behind the scenes of the main creators. Vision Wei, who followed the director and carefully tried to figure out the deductive method, was extremely focused; Yang Shining, who is doing push-ups in the boxing ring for drama exercise, is sweating all over; Eddie Peng Yuyan, staring at the video, looked serious with his head down … … Serious faces are enough to show the dedication of the actors. The story can arouse the audience’s emotions by strong contradictions and conflicts, but the actual feeling of "warmth" needs to be conveyed by details again and again. In order to figure out the details, the actors constantly adjust their deductive methods behind the scenes, striving to present the most natural screen state and bring the "flavor" of the film to the extreme.


Tony Leung Ka Fai studio personally tried to train the actors, and the big coffee in the entertainment circle helped out.


Midnight Food Store is the first film directed by Tony Leung Ka Fai. In order to better present the content of the film, Tony Leung Ka Fai, as a director, relies on many years’ experience in interpretation, and personally performs every audition, and splits the details for the actors’ guidance. In the special video, whether you are in the dining hall, explaining the deductive methods with Vision Wei and Zhang Yi again and again, or giving a demonstration in the boxing ring and bringing Yang Shining into the play, all of them show the seriousness and dedication of Tony Leung Ka Fai after his identity has changed into a director, while Tony Leung Ka Fai’s unpretentious and approachable way of treating people has attracted more entertainers to join us.


Through the special edition, we can see that Jin Yanling, Feng Cuifan, Jiang Wenli and other powerful actors in the industry have all played heavily, while in the tidbits, we are even more surprised to find the figure of the famous director Zhang Yibai, and the two directors, Tony Leung Ka Fai and Zhang Yibai, have joined forces to pose as boxers, which shows the deep relationship between the two directors. However, after filming in Eddie Peng Yuyan studio, we joked that we should "pay the tuition fee at the front desk", which also showed the relaxed and harmonious shooting atmosphere in the studio intuitively. It is precisely because of the warm atmosphere naturally formed between people in the crew that the film characters get along with each other more warmly, so that the audience can finally get peace of mind at the moment of watching movies.


The movie "Midnight Food Store" will be released nationwide on August 30th, 2019, waiting for you.


Lu Chenhui, the "first beast in China", how to create a clothing brand with an annual income of over 100 million yuan at home?

When Lu Chenhui was 16, he was only a security guard.

He stands in his post every day, watching people come and go, but what he thinks in his heart is: "I am standing here as a security guard now, but I can’t be a security guard all my life. I will go to the gym after work, because that is my future."

From the age of 14, Lu Chenhui fell in love with fitness. He firmly believes that he will become a bodybuilder. Therefore, when he was a security guard, no matter how tired he was when he stood guard at work, he would go to the gym for strength training as soon as he got off work.

While working and exercising, Lu Chenhui persisted for six years. In a bodybuilding competition in Jiangsu Province in 2008, Lu Chenhui won the first championship in his life. Since then, he has become a minor celebrity in the bodybuilding circle, and often shares training methods in post bars and forums, accumulating the first batch of fans.

Under the long-term bodybuilding training, Lu Chenhui’s body has become shoulder-wide, waist-thin and muscular, and it is difficult to find clothes that fit in the market-which is also a common pain point for fitness people.

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Lu Chenhui, founder of BODYDREAM

Therefore, Lu Chenhui founded the sportswear brand BODYDREAM in 2015 to meet the needs of the fitness crowd, and integrated his aesthetic concept of the trend into the brand. "The meaning of BODYDREAM is to pursue the dream of the body. On the one hand, it represents the sport of fitness. On the other hand, it also means that everyone can persist in action on the road of pursuing their dreams by controlling their own bodies." Lu Chenhui said.

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Starting: from "wage earners" to entrepreneurs

When Lu Chenhui was still working, he invested most of his income in bodybuilding.

Because bodybuilding is a competitive sport that needs a lot of money, besides a lot of training, athletes have to supplement high-quality protein every day to increase their muscles, as well as buying equipment, hiring coaches, playing games and other large expenses. Lu Chenhui bluntly said: "Others think that bodybuilding is a profitable thing, but it is actually a hobby that needs money to support."

In order to earn more money to improve bodybuilding performance, Lu Chenhui began to try to start a business in 2013. He opened a Taobao shop, specializing in fitness supplements and fitness equipment, and double 11 sold 1000 yuan that day, which was a lot for him at that time. Later, according to the different needs of fitness crowd, he founded three sportswear brands: BODYDREAM, BDPOWERUP and Lujiamen.

At the same time, Lu Chenhui’s bodybuilding road has gradually reached its peak. In order to win the championship in more heavyweight competitions, Lu Chenhui once spent 600,000 yuan to invite foreign star coach Milos.During these two months of "devil training", Lu Chenhui will do seven groups of movements at a time, without any rest, and train for more than 8 hours every day. Although he will burst into tears because of extreme fatigue, he will persist with willpower.In 2018, Lu Chenhui won the overall championship of golden league Men’s Bodybuilding Professional Indifference Group, and he was also the only China player in this group.

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Lu Chenhui’s training photo

That year, Lu Chenhui was only 30 years old and finally realized his dream. On this road of persisting in love, he changed from a "small security guard" to "China’s first muscular beast" and from a "wage earner" to a successful entrepreneur.

At present, there are three brands under Lu Chenhui’s name, namely BODYDREAM, BDPOWERUP and Lujiamen. Among them, BODYDREAM is the most well-known brand, with annual revenue exceeding 100 million yuan.

In the early days of BODYDREAM’s business, Lu Chenhui only had a starting capital of 5,000 yuan, and the team only had himself and his wife. In the living room at home, they established the brand of BODYDREAM.

Because of limited funds, they can only find small-scale factories to customize clothes. Lu Chenhui recalled: "We took a bus and went to a garment factory in the suburbs of Xuzhou. The garment factory was also an entrepreneur, so it also supported customers like us. They helped us make nearly 200 T-shirts, and they were also very careful in material selection and production. "

After Lu Chenhui got the first batch of clothes, he and his wife worked as Taobao customer service at home and packed and delivered them themselves. At first, Taobao shop didn’t have much sales, and it sold one or two pieces a day. However, with the continuous promotion of Lu Chenhui on his social media, he gradually accumulated the earliest users, that is, paying attention to his fans and fitness enthusiasts.

BODYDREAM, which started with Lu Chenhui’s personal IP, has encountered great limitations in brand development-mainly spread in the fitness circle.

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At this time, a young man in the team put forward the idea of brand transformation: "Maybe it can make BODYDREAM develop in the direction of leisure sports."

He is Li Ang, the current operation director of BODYDREAM. In 2017, Li Ang joined the BODYDREAM team. As a young man who just graduated, Lu Chenhui saw many possibilities from him. "Now young people are very advanced in thinking. Although they don’t have much work experience, they can inject fresh blood into the brand and break the inherent thoughts and limitations." Lu Chenhui said.

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Growth: annual revenue exceeds 100 million yuan.

Because of the fresh blood in the team, BODYDREAM began to break through its original position and gradually transformed from fitness clothing to sports and leisure clothing.

Since 2016, Lu Chenhui has started to operate his personal IP and brand image separately. Since then, BODYDREAM has no longer interacted frequently with Lu Chenhui’s personal IP, but chose to cooperate with KOL to create some co-branded models and expand the brand’s popularity to the general public. Not only that, BODYDREAM is also worn by many stars.

The brand positioning of BODYDREAM now is a simple and pragmatic sports and leisure brand, and simplicity and practicality is the main direction of BODYDREAM product development.; The target users of BODYDREAM have gradually expanded from the early fitness crowd to young people who love fashion culture, and the proportion of female users has also increased from 4% to about 30%.

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"Nowadays, many people are tired of printing on clothes, and prefer simple and practical basic models. However, the basic models often lack a sense of design, so we want to add design elements such as patterns, fabrics and crafts to the simple style to make the clothes’ simple but not simple’, "Lu Chenhui said. This style is more attractive to young people who pursue low-key and exquisite details.

At present, BODYDREAM’s clothing is divided into four series: one is the classic series focusing on leisure; The second is the sports series; The third is the B+ series, focusing on mid-to high-end products; The fourth is the special planning series, focusing on IP joint-name products.BODYDREAM’s clothing spans 7 yards, covering the body shapes from 90 kg to 300 kg, and the design of shoulder drop in some products has a decorative effect on many body shapes.Lu Chenhui said: "This design can well modify the lines of shoulders, so that people with strong bodies are not fat, and thin people are more tall and straight."

When the sales of clothes continued to rise, Lu Chenhui expanded the supply chain of BODYDREAM to Guangzhou, Wuxi and other places, and built a factory in Xuzhou in 2018, with an annual production capacity of 300,000 pieces. "At present, our factory is fully automatic equipment, and we also control it very strictly in product quality control. For example, if the national standard requires testing whether a garment is pilling, it is necessary to test 600 revolutions with a professional machine, and we ourselves require testing 2000 revolutions internally." Lu Chenhui said.

The sales channel of BODYDREAM has also expanded from the initial Tmall store to JD.COM, Dewu, Tik Tok, Vipshop and other e-commerce platforms. At present, the best-selling platform is Tmall, which can sell about 500,000 pieces every year. Last year, the total revenue of BODYDREAM exceeded 100 million yuan.

At the end of the interview, Lu Chenhui shared that fans once asked him how he could stick to his goals.

He said: "Everyone has a vision of what he wants to be, but it can’t be achieved by fantasy. You need to take action.Although we work hard every day, don’t let that thing in your heart disappear. Even if you spend an hour every day, take action and plan for your future.Maybe after five years, you won’t have to go to work or get off work, but you can pursue what you really want to do. At that time, you already have this ability. "

This article is original for the entrepreneurial state and may not be reproduced without authorization, otherwise the entrepreneurial state will reserve the right to pursue legal responsibility against it. If you need to reprint or have any questions, please contact editor@cyzone.cn.

Investigation on the financial life of "gold speculators" in Beijing: small gold bars taste great sweetness

    The price of gold is soaring, and the variety of gold investment is increasing-


    Recently, the international gold price has been leaping forward, approaching the historical high point in 1980. With the increase of gold investment varieties, investors are easy to "picky" while choosing a wider range. The reporter specially interviewed some representative "gold speculators" and analyzed the investment through examples.


    Gold speculation attitude


    Xiaojintiao tastes great sweetness.


    ● Respondent: Mr. Sun.


    -Gold speculation record: the value of gold bars in the Year of the Sheep doubled.


    The gold speculation in Beijing began at the end of 2002 when Caibai Company sold the "Year of the Sheep and New Year’s Gold Bars". At that time, gold bars returned to the retail market in Beijing, igniting the enthusiasm of the people to hide gold. So some consumers have become enthusiastic followers of "New Year’s gold bars".


    Since 2002, Mr. Sun has purchased a set of gold bars for Lunar New Year. "I didn’t think much when I bought it at that time, because someone in the family was a sheep, I wanted to keep a set as a souvenir. However, with more and more people talking about gold products around me, I realized that gold was a good investment tool. Because Caibai Company provides a repurchase channel, it is more convenient to cash in the shopping mall in case of urgent need of cash. Therefore, I will collect one set every year in the future. Today, the gold bars bought at 92 yuan per gram have been worth about one gram of 200 yuan, which has doubled, and those bought in other years have also appreciated. "


    ● Respondent: Mr. Li


    -Gold speculation record: three-month return rate of 18.8%


    Now, it is also a welcome investment channel for individuals to invest in physical gold through banks. At present, the physical gold business in the banking system mainly includes "Gao Saier Gold Bar" represented by China Merchants Bank and Agricultural Bank, "Long Dingjin" represented by China Construction Bank, "Ruyi Gold" represented by Industrial and Commercial Bank and gold from other commercial banks. Some of these gold products belong to the bank’s agency business, and some belong to the bank’s own brand. At present, only "Gaosaier Gold Bar" can provide repurchase service.


    Mr. Li saw that this year’s fund market has passed the good day of "rising every day", while precious metals have been rising all the way, so he invested in Gaosaier gold bars. In mid-August this year, he subscribed for 2 ounces of Gao Saier gold bars at the Zhongguancun branch of the Agricultural Bank of China. At that time, the subscription price was 172 yuan per gram. At this price, he spent a total of 10664 yuan. Yesterday, Gao Saier’s quotation was 204.30 yuan/gram. In this way, his Gao Saier gold bar appreciated by about 2,000 yuan in just three months, and the return on investment was 18.8%.


    Gold speculation to eliminate illiteracy


    Different gold products have different investment channels.


    ● Gaosaier Gold Bar:


    Variety, quality, measurement and pricing standards: the three specifications are 2 ounces, 5 ounces and 10 ounces, the gold content is greater than or equal to 99.99%, the unit of measurement is troy ounces (1 ounce = 31.1035 grams), and the unit of quotation is RMB/ounce.


    Transaction cost: The processing and circulation fee of Gaosaier gold bars is RMB 109 per ounce (about 3.5 yuan/gram), and investors will be refunded 62 yuan/ounce (about 2 yuan/gram) at the time of repurchase, and the processing and circulation fee for one purchase and one sale is only 1.5 yuan/gram.


    Trading process: anonymous purchase, investors only need to bring cash or bank card to the counter of China Merchants Bank, fill out the purchase order and pay the money, and then they can get the physical gold bars on the spot. When buying back, you should also go to the point of purchase at that time, and you can buy back directly with the purchase confirmation form and well-packaged gold bars. Trading takes the form of T+0.


    Trading hours: (Monday to Friday) 10: 00-11: 30, 13: 30-14: 30.


    Profitability: Gold price rises by 4-5 yuan can make a profit by repurchasing.


    ● Paper gold:


    Go to China Bank and open a current all-in-one account with China Bank. Open telephone banking service at the counter. Open online banking on the Internet, and you can buy and sell "paper gold".


    Transaction cost: about one gram of 0.7 yuan.


    Trading time: 9: 00-17: 00 from Monday to Sunday if you are at the counter.


    If you are on the Internet, you can trade from 8: 30 Monday to 2: 30 Saturday morning.


    Profitability: If the price difference is more than one yuan every day, you can make a profit.


    ● Shopping malls buy gold investment products.


    Gold investment products with major themes should generally be paid close attention to. If the shopping mall provides telephone reservation service, be sure to make a reservation in advance and then go to the counter to buy it.


    Tips for speculating in gold


    "Paper gold" also has investment value


    "Paper gold" refers to the book-entry gold trading launched by banks, which also needs to be paid in full, and there is no physical delivery, so it can only be bullish. The trading records of "paper gold" investors are only reflected in the "gold passbook account" opened by individuals in advance, and there is no need to withdraw physical gold, thus eliminating the steps of transportation, storage, inspection and appraisal of gold, and the difference between the buying price and the selling price is smaller than the difference between the buying and selling prices of real gold.


    The reporter learned that "paper gold" can be purchased at all outlets of China Bank and some outlets of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. For the "Huang Jinbao" business of Bank of China, a Mr. Liu expressed great interest. He told reporters that from the beginning of the year to now, his income from purchasing paper gold has exceeded 30%. Moreover, paper gold generally implements T+0, which means that it can be bought and sold on the same day, and it can be traded on the Internet even in the middle of the night, which is very convenient.


    It is reported that ICBC and Industrial Bank have some different paper gold products.


    Prospect of gold speculation


    Individuals are expected to invest in gold futures.


    Experts suggest that if you want to invest in gold, you must choose the right variety according to your own reality and pay attention to avoiding risks. Medium and long-term investors can choose paper gold and physical gold from banks, but don’t hoard a lot of gold ornaments, because gold ornaments are difficult to realize and easy to wear and depreciate; Short-term investors should pay attention to the possible fall after the gold price rises, and pay attention to the influencing factors such as oil price trend, dollar rise and fall, political situation and so on. As a rational investor, it is necessary to reserve the basic knowledge of gold investment and be familiar with the overall situation of international politics and economy. At the same time, abandon speculative psychology.


    Zhang Shounan, president of China Gold Newspaper and director of Beijing Gold Economic Development Research Center, revealed that personal investment in gold futures may be officially opened in the near future, and gold futures can play its role of "capital leverage" to reduce capital investment for investors and improve the return on investment. In addition, gold futures can be both long and short, and investors have the opportunity to make two-way choices, which can bring returns to investors when the market is bullish and bearish. Gold futures should be the most suitable futures for people to invest. (Fan Haitao)


Editor: Fan Jing

Inheriting the red gene and continuing the red vein Henan strengthens the protection of revolutionary cultural relics to do so.

  In order to give full play to the important role of revolutionary cultural relics in carrying forward the revolutionary tradition and culture, strengthening the construction of socialist spiritual civilization, and promoting the integration strategy of cultural tourism and cultural innovation, Henan recently issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Protection, Management and Utilization of Revolutionary Cultural Relics in the New Era.

  Henan is rich in revolutionary cultural relics, involving more than 2,500 revolutionary cultural relics protection units.

  It is understood that there are more than 2,500 revolutionary cultural relics protection units (more than 4,000 points) in Henan Province; It has been recognized that two batches of revolutionary cultural relics have been published, including 366 immovable revolutionary cultural relics and 7756 movable precious cultural relics (sets); There are 151 memorial halls of revolutionary museums managed by various departments at all levels.

  Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, Ministry of Culture, Tourism, Ministry of Finance and National Cultural Heritage Administration have divided Henan into six revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization areas, including Hubei-Henan-Anhui area, Shanxi-Hebei-Henan area, Long March (Red 25th Army) area, Hebei-Shandong-Henan area and Huaibei area, involving 17 provincial cities and 87 counties (cities).

  The "Notice" adheres to the working principle of "protection first, strengthening management, tapping value, effectively utilizing and making cultural relics alive", pays attention to key points, supplements shortcomings and strong and weak items, further improves the protection status of revolutionary cultural relics in the province, gives full play to the advantages of revolutionary cultural relics resources, and improves the level of exhibition and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics. So as to comprehensively enhance the inheritance ability of protection and management, form a distinctive and nationally influential inheritance system for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics, better inherit the red genes, continue the red veins, and enhance spiritual strength.

  Strengthen the protection of revolutionary cultural relics and deepen the research and interpretation of revolutionary cultural relics

  The "Notice" recognizes the publication of the revolutionary cultural relics list in Henan Province, strengthens the protection of revolutionary cultural relics in the collection, and implements the maintenance and protection of revolutionary sites. Promote the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics, and promote the pilot work of the protection and utilization of low-level immovable revolutionary cultural relics. Adhere to both rescue protection and preventive protection, and comprehensively enhance the ability to protect revolutionary cultural relics.

  At the same time, it is pointed out that it is necessary to build a collaborative research base for revolutionary cultural relics by relying on colleges and universities and memorial halls of revolutionary museums. We will promote the rescue, collection and research of historical materials of revolutionary cultural relics in an orderly manner, and deeply explore and expound the ideological connotation, time value, historical significance and educational significance of revolutionary cultural relics.

  Expand the utilization mode of revolutionary cultural relics, improve the exhibition level and educational function

  The "Notice" calls for strengthening the classified and rational utilization of revolutionary sites, improving the opening level of revolutionary sites, and further exerting comprehensive service functions. Use market mechanism to develop more cultural and creative products and promote cultural consumption. Promote the integration of red tourism with rural tourism, eco-tourism and other formats, and help rural revitalization and the revitalization and development of old revolutionary areas.

  In order to better promote the construction of revolutionary museums in Henan, the province supports qualified revolutionary museums to be upgraded to national first, second and third grade museums. Around major historical events and important time nodes, we will plan and promote a number of revolutionary cultural relics exhibitions with distinctive themes, profound connotations, novel forms and online and offline integration. Encourage innovative ways to spread revolutionary cultural relics, make rational use of modern scientific and technological means, enhance the expressive force, communication power and influence of revolutionary cultural relics exhibitions, and vividly spread red culture.

  At the same time, we should make full use of revolutionary cultural relics resources, take the initiative to serve the "four histories" study and education, and support the education department to use revolutionary cultural relics resources to carry out ideological and political work in schools. Support the construction of the national red gene inheritance platform and enrich the content of cyberspace revolutionary culture. Organize the training of red commentators and build a team of revolutionary spirit communication talents.

  In order to better promote the protection work, Henan will establish a coordination mechanism for revolutionary cultural relics, study and solve major problems in the management and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics, and strengthen supervision and inspection. Increase financial input, actively implement the spirit of the reform of the division of financial powers and expenditure responsibilities between provinces, cities and counties in the field of public culture, and further improve the financial guarantee mechanism for the protection of revolutionary cultural relics. We will improve laws and policies, promote the introduction of local laws and regulations on the protection of life and cultural relics at the provincial level, and encourage all localities to formulate local laws and regulations on the protection of revolutionary cultural relics in light of actual conditions. (Reporter Mo Yuhua)