Sometimes, it is more important to take every step right than to take every step well!
From the first chess piece in 2003 to the overall situation in 2021, BYD has completed the phased strategic goal, which is like the first stage of the Marvel universe that has ended. Word of mouth and box office have achieved a win-win situation. Today, let’s talk about BYD’s "DM hybrid system" (Dual Mode is dual-mode technology and BYD plug-in hybrid technology platform).
Technical route overview of BYD DM hybrid system
This article is long, so you can read it according to the table of contents.
The first section: the first generation of DM hybrid system: the starting point of domestic plug-in hybrid
Section II: Second Generation DM Hybrid System: Performance Trend, 542 Strategy
Section III: Third Generation DM Hybrid System: Complementing Shortboards and Improving Performance
Section IV: BYD DM-p Hybrid System: Dual Platform Strategy
Section 5: BYD DM-i hybrid system: a master, your self-research
Section VI: Vehicles equipped with BYD DM-i hybrid system
Section VII: BYD DM dual platform strategy: phased results
The first generation DM hybrid system: the starting point of domestic plug-in hybrid
As early as 2003, BYD began to invest manpower and material resources in the research and development of plug-in hybrid system, and five years later, it launched the first generation DM hybrid system, which was installed on BYD F3DM (officially listed on December 15th, 2008). The historical significance of BYD F3DM lies in:
1. The "plug-in hybrid system" was officially brought into the mainstream market of hybrid vehicles;Compared with the Great Wall and Geely mentioned earlier, BYD’s basic hybrid technology has basically never left the concept of "plug-in hybrid system", so at least in this technical decision, there are not too many detours;
2. The technical concept of a new dual-motor architecture is mass-produced;This sentence is difficult to understand, so let’s take a look at the technical characteristics of the first generation DM hybrid system.
The design concept of "the first generation DM hybrid system" is mainly energy-saving. Through the structure of double motors and single-speed reducer with a 1.0-liter self-priming three-cylinder engine, three driving modes are realized: pure electric, extended range, hybrid (including direct drive) and three driving modes. The structure of "the first generation DM hybrid system" belongs to the classic "P1P3 motor architecture";
The first generation DM hybrid system also has four basic driving modes:
Pure electric mode:The "engine" is not started, the "clutch" is disengaged, and the "drive motor" drives the vehicle;
Series mode (extended range mode):The "engine" starts to drive the "generator" to generate electricity and supply it to the "battery", and the "drive motor" drives the vehicle;
Parallel mode:The "engine" is started and the "clutch" is coupled. At this time, the "generator" and the "driving motor" do work at the same time to jointly drive the vehicle.
Kinetic energy recovery mode:The "clutch" is disconnected and the "drive motor" recovers kinetic energy.
In addition, the "first generation DM hybrid system" is a special working condition during cruising, and two cruising modes are also designed:
Cruise direct drive mode:Clutch coupling, engine direct-drive vehicle, generator and drive motor do not do work;
Cruise power generation mode:The engine is started, the generator generates electricity to charge the battery, and the clutch is combined to drive the vehicle, while the drive motor does not do work.
Working principle of the first generation DM hybrid system (moving picture)
The maximum power of the first generation DM hybrid system is 50kW for the engine, 25kW for the generator and 50kW for the drive motor. The whole system is matched with each other, and the power consumption of pure electricity is 16kWh/100km, and the fuel consumption of comprehensive working conditions is 2.7L/100km. Interestingly, although the "first generation DM hybrid system" is a plug-in hybrid system, it is the same as a pure electric vehicle.Equipped with fast charging interface, you can charge 50% in 10 minutes.
However, the "first generation DM hybrid system" is not without its shortcomings, such as:
1. Poor transmission smoothness:Because the chain drive is adopted between the "output shaft" and the "main reducer", it has high cost, easy wear, poor transmission stability and extra vibration and noise;
2. Low upper power limit:Moreover, due to the cost at that time, the two "motors" and "engines" were equipped with low power (when the power was sufficient, the maximum total power was about 80kW), and the acceleration time per 100 kilometers was 10.5s, so the power was weak. In addition, because the "drive motor" is directly connected to the "output shaft", the maximum speed is limited by the maximum speed of the "motor";
3. High car price:BYD F3DM is about 80,000 more expensive than the fuel version.
I wonder if you can see the similarity between the two.
However, we have to deny the historical significance of the "First Generation DM Hybrid System". This hybrid architecture, which was earlier than the "Honda i-MMD Hybrid System" (listed in 2012), not only affects the future of BYD, but also is a milestone of the whole hybrid car industry. Moreover, the technical concept of the "First Generation DM Hybrid System" is still glowing up to now. In the "BYD DM-i Hybrid System" since then,
The second generation DM hybrid system: performance trend, 542 strategy
The main idea of "the first generation DM hybrid system" is energy saving, but in terms of power, it is really unacceptable to many consumers. Therefore, the "Second Generation DM Hybrid System" released in 2013 has embarked on another concept-Performance trend.
Schematic diagram of the second generation DM hybrid system (Tang DM 2015)
Since the concept has changed, the whole structure has been naturally adjusted: the strategy of using the motor has been changed from the original P1P3 motor structure to the combination of P3P4 motor structure, and the whole hybrid system is the combination of P3 motor +P4 motor+engine, so BYD’s "three engines and four wheels" powertrain was born.
Schematic diagram of the second generation DM hybrid system (Tang DM 2015)
Based on the structure of the second-generation DM hybrid system, its driving modes can be roughly divided into the following categories:
Pure electric mode:"Battery" power supply, "P3 motor" and "P4 motor" jointly drive the car;
Series mode (extended range mode):The "engine" drives the "P3 motor" to generate electricity through the power generation gear of the gearbox, and the "P4 motor" drives the vehicle, and more electricity is stored in the "battery". However, judging from the powertrain composition of the front axle,There is no "series mode" in the "second generation DM hybrid system"In addition, to enter the "series mode", several harsh conditions must be met:
1. The power is less than 5%;
2. The vehicle speed is less than 15km/h and kept for 5 seconds;
3. After entering the mode, the vehicle speed still cannot exceed 20km/h, otherwise it will exit.
Parallel mode:That is, the "engine" and the front and rear two "motors" work at the same time. In this mode, the effect of timely four-wheel drive is realized, but it can be subdivided into two states:
Driving power generation:The "engine" drives the "front wheel" through the "transmission" and drives the "P3 motor" to generate electricity, while the "P4 motor" adjusts the output power according to the working conditions. At this time, from the powertrain of the front axle, it is a mode of "engine direct drive";
Driving without generating electricity:The "engine" drives the "front wheel" through the "transmission" but does not generate electricity. The output power of the "P3 motor" and "P4 motor" is adjusted according to the working conditions only to ensure the strongest power.
Parking power generation:The "engine" drives the "P3 motor" to generate electricity through the "power generation gear" of the transmission.
The second-generation DM hybrid system is the BYD Qin DM (model 2014) for the first time. The power system of this vehicle consists of a 1.5Ti in-cylinder direct injection engine (maximum power of 113kW), a 6-speed dry powershift (DT35) and a P3 motor (peak power of 110kW), and the acceleration of 100 kilometers is 5.9 seconds.
BYD Tang DM(2015 model) with "542" printed under the A-pillar.
Since then, BYD has improved the "second-generation DM hybrid system", continued to increase the power, and installed this system on the "BYD Tang DM" (2015 model). The main changes are as follows:
1. "Engine" upgrade:1.5T (maximum power 113kW) is upgraded to 2.0T (maximum power 151kW/320N·m)；);
2. The "transmission" changed from "dry" to "wet";When the 6-speed dry "powershift" is replaced by the 6-speed wet "powershift", the sense of power interruption is further weakened, and the ability to adjust the efficient working area of the "engine" is enhanced;
3. Add "P4 motor":Add a P4 motor with the same peak power (110kW) as P3 motor.
Tail logo of BYD Tang DM(2015 model)
The overweight "three-engine four-wheel drive" hybrid system can output nearly 400kW of power, and the comprehensive torque can reach 800N·m, which realizes the acceleration of SUV for 4.9 seconds. In order to intuitively let consumers know that "BYD Tang DM" (2015 model) can run for 5 seconds, so BYD directly put "『4.9s』" on the tail label of the car.
Working principle of the second generation DM hybrid system (moving picture)
But for the "second-generation DM hybrid system", the most deadly sentence is nothing more than "a dragon with electricity, a caterpillar without electricity". There are actually several reasons behind this sentence:
1. Weak feed:As mentioned earlier, from the hybrid powertrain of the front axle, the "second generation DM hybrid system" has no "series mode", that is to say, there is no "P1 motor" or "P0 motor", and there is no "generator" with continuous power supply, so it is impossible to maintain the power for a long time. The power can’t be maintained, and oil will be used if there is no power, which also leads to the decline of fuel economy of the overall hybrid system;
2. "P3 motor" has low efficiency in some working conditions:Because the P3 motor is located at the output shaft of the transmission, it does not accept the speed regulation of the transmission, but only adjusts the speed through the fixed reduction gear. Therefore, at high speed, the efficiency is low, and the torque provided to the wheels will also be drastically reduced. In addition, when the vehicle speed is low, the P3 motor is running at a low speed and cannot charge the battery with high power.
Let’s find fault together. See the difference?
However, the "second generation DM hybrid system" also has a milestone significance from the technical concept, which has made BYD’s."542 strategy"(5 stands for acceleration within 5 seconds per 100 kilometers, 4 stands for full-time electric four-wheel drive, and 2 stands for fuel consumption within 2 liters per 100 kilometers), and the hybrid technology is separated from the traditional logic of pure fuel saving, just as this series has always reminded everyone that "fuel saving is not the whole of hybrid car technology". In addition, the "second generation DM hybrid system" also laid a solid foundation for the "BYD DM-p hybrid system".
The Third Generation DM Hybrid System: Complementing Shortboards and Improving Performance
Time has come to 2018, and the BYD Tang DM equipped with the "third generation DM hybrid system" has been rejuvenated. From the architecture of the hybrid system, the "third generation DM hybrid system" inherits most of the characteristics of the "second generation DM hybrid system", but it also brings a big improvement.
Schematic diagram of the third generation DM hybrid system structure
That is, at the P0 position in the front section of the "engine", it was added."BSG motor"(P0 motor), this "BSG motor" with a maximum power of 25kW mainly plays several roles:
With the addition of P0 motor, series connection can be realized (theoretical state).
1. Feed functionBy realizing "series connection" in a small power range, the shortcomings of the "second generation DM hybrid system" are made up.
2. Start the "engine"When the "engine" is started, the "BSG motor" intervenes to increase the speed of the "engine" in advance, so as to avoid the ignition of the "engine" in the low-speed area with insufficient combustion and large vibration, and realize the rapid and smooth start and stop of the "engine";
3. Adjust the "engine" speedIn the process of shifting gears, BSG motor can adjust the "engine" to reach the specified speed, thus improving the shift smoothness during driving.
Byd Tang DM(2018 model)
In addition to P0 motor, the third generation DM hybrid system is also equipped with a more powerful P4 motor, which has been increased from the maximum power of the previous generation of 110 kW/250 N m to 180 kW/380 N m. Therefore, the acceleration of 100 kilometers has also been increased from the original 4.9 seconds to 4.3 seconds (BYD Tang DM is 4.5 seconds).
The third generation DM hybrid system has further become a family bucket.
Another major upgrade of the third-generation DM hybrid system is the electronic control system. Through the integration of motor and electronic control equipment, the high-voltage 3-in-1 technology and drive 3-in-1 technology are finally realized, which greatly improves the performance, reduces the weight and reduces the volume. In addition, in addition to the "three-engine four-wheel drive" with oversized cups, BYD also enriched the collocation of the "third-generation DM hybrid system", and introduced the combination of "two-engine four-wheel drive" (P0 motor +P4 motor) and "two-engine front drive" (P0 motor +P3 motor), which were installed on the "BYD Song MAX DM" and other vehicles.
BYD DM-p Hybrid System: Dual Platform Strategy
In June 2020, BYD released the dual-platform strategy of DM hybrid system, namely "DM-p" and "DM-i".
"p" means "『powerful』"Inherited the structural design concept of the second and third generation "DM hybrid system" that pursues power and speed, and meets the consumers who pursue speed;
"I" means "『intelligent』"It inherits the structural design concept of the first generation of "DM hybrid system" that pursues energy saving and high efficiency, and satisfies consumers who pursue car economy.
Among them, the "BYD DM-i hybrid system" has changed greatly from the first generation. We will start later. Let’s take a look at the "BYD DM-p hybrid system" with relatively small structural changes.
The first batch of Han DM equipped with DM-p (June DM(2020)
Since the previous generation has added the 25kW BSG motor, I personally think that the design of BYD DM-p hybrid system takes the optimization of 『NVH』 and ride comfort as the core goal of the upgrade. So we can see:
1. 7-speed powershift.Compared with the previous 6-speed "powershift", the speed ratio difference is reduced and the ride comfort is improved. At the same time, the "transmission" uses more "ball bearings" to replace the original "cone bearings", reducing the friction area and improving the noise;
2. Redesigned powertrainThe engine (1.5T or 2.0T) and the intake and exhaust system of BYD DM-p hybrid system have been optimized and upgraded. For example, the 1.5T engine optimizes the bearing bush to reduce the clearance and friction. At the same time, optimize the "chain" to reduce the noise caused by the "engine" driving the "BSG motor", and for example, put the "CRV valve" outside to reduce the noise caused by the pressure relief of the "supercharger".
Principle of BYD DM-p hybrid system (moving picture)
Of course, the working mode of BYD DM-p hybrid system is relatively complete. Take the structure of "three engines and four wheels" as an example, including:
Pure electric mode: Suitable for commuting in urban road conditions, with pure battery life up to 100km；;
Series mode: "Engine" and "generator" are connected in series to generate electricity, and "drive motor" drives them;
Parallel modeThe "engine" and "driving motor" are driven together, and the acceleration of 100 kilometers is 4.5 seconds;
Cruise modeThe "engine" drives and generates electricity, the expressway runs at a constant speed, and the "engine" drives in a high efficiency range, which not only ensures power but also realizes economy and fuel saving;
Kinetic energy recovery mode: The "engine" and the "motor" of the front and rear axles simultaneously recover kinetic energy.
One more thing to mention here, we can see that the model equipped with BYD DM-p hybrid system has been able to achieve a pure battery life of 100km (battery capacity of 21.5kWh), which is also a bright spot in the strategy of "BYD DM dual platform". So, I will take a good look at how many surprises BYD DM-i hybrid system has brought.
Byd DM-i hybrid system: a master, you are in self-research
If the design concept of the first-generation DM hybrid system is energy-saving and fuel-saving, then the BYD DM-i hybrid system is sublimated. By adding a high-power motor and a high-capacity battery, the engine becomes an auxiliary component of power, and finally the effect of "using more electricity and less oil" is achieved.
Schematic diagram of disassembly of BYD DM-i hybrid system
The biggest advantage of BYD DM-i hybrid system is not the complicated structure, but the core control systems such as engine control system, motor control system and battery management system have been independently developed, including but not limited to:
"Xiaoyun Engine":1.5L and 1.5Ti "special engines for plug and mix";
"EHS system":A "hybrid special transmission" that inherits the design concept of "first generation DM hybrid system";
"Blade battery":High discharge rate and flexible collocation of "hybrid special power blade battery".
Next, let’s take a look at these core components separately.
1. "Xiaoyun Engine": Born only for high efficiency.
At present, there are two types of "engines" in Xiaoyun series, which focus on economy respectively."1.5L Special Engine for Plug-in and Mixing"(hereinafter referred to as "1.5L engine") and high performance, configured on C-class "DM-i" models."1.5Ti special engine for plug and mix"(hereinafter referred to as "1.5Ti engine").
Showcase of Xiaoyun 1.5Ti plug-in hybrid engine
The "1.5Ti engine" has a "compression ratio" of 12.5. The technical highlight is that its "turbocharger" adopts a "variable cross-section" design, which enables the "turbocharger" to supercharge in a wider speed range, thus ensuring the supercharging effect at low speed and not affecting the exhaust pressure at high speed.
Showcase of Xiaoyun 1.5L plug-in hybrid engine
The "1.5L engine" can be said to be "the masterpiece of BYD in the field of hybrid engines", and it has truly been "born for electricity". Compared with the traditional "engine", its overall structure has been greatly adjusted, and finally it has achieved a thermal efficiency of 43.04%. Digging into its technical principle, we can see that:
Schematic diagram of variable valve timing technology
Atkinson cycle ("Miller cycle"):By delaying the closing time of the intake valve through the variable valve timing technology, the energy consumption of the compression stroke in the four-stroke is reduced, and the expansion stroke remains unchanged, so that the mixed gas can do more work, improve the utilization rate of the mixed gas energy and reduce the exhaust loss. This technology can be seen in many "hybrid engines", and most OEMs will call this cycle "Atkinson cycle". The story is in "Really?" Now the "Atkinson" of hybrid cars is fake? I have explained it in detail in the article, so I won’t go into details here;
Conceptual diagram of compression ratio
15.5 Superhigh "Compression Ratio":Generally speaking, we think that the greater the compression ratio, the more work the engine does (that is, the greater the compression ratio, the higher the efficiency of the engine). The "1.5L engine" is designed with an ultra-high "compression ratio" of 15.5: 1, which also reflects its goal of efficiency first. Of course, as far as the compression ratio is concerned, BYD’s Xiaoyun Engine is definitely the best in the industry.
Schematic diagram of EGR valve working principle
Efficient "EGR" technology:In order to improve the overall efficiency of the "engine", an efficient "exhaust gas recirculation system" is essential. By optimizing the "exhaust gas recirculation system", BYD has increased the "EGR rate" to 25%, reducing the intake loss of the "engine" under medium and low load conditions, and also reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides. The "low-pressure water-cooled EGR technology" of Geely’s "Hybrid Special Engine" ("DHE15") mentioned earlier has the same technical logic;
Hybrid special engine after slimming
Cancel the traditional "gear train" and adopt "split cooling technology";Compared with the traditional engine, the biggest change of the 1.5L engine is to cancel the gear train of the engine, including the mechanical compressor, mechanical vacuum pump, mechanical steering booster pump and mechanical water pump. But for the sake of efficiency, the electric water pump is combined with the electronic double thermostat to realize the separate cooling of the cylinder block and the cylinder head.
Showcase of two Xiaoyun plug-in hybrid engines
Generally speaking, this "1.5L engine" (peak power 81kW/ peak torque 135N·m) aiming at hybrid efficiency has achieved the goal of 43.04% thermal efficiency theoretically through many technical optimizations such as 15.5 ultra-high compression ratio, Atkinson cycle, efficient EGR, low friction and cancellation of traditional gear train.
2. "EHS system": the core of BYD DM-i hybrid system
After talking about Xiaoyun Engine, there is another core of BYD DM-i Hybrid System: Hybrid Special Transmission, which BYD calls EHS System or E-CVT.
The structure of "EHS system" is "series-parallel double motors" structure, and its working principle inherits the design concept of "first generation DM hybrid system" with "electric drive as the center" and has been carried out.Overall optimization：
1. Different from the first-generation DM hybrid system, BYD DM-i hybrid system juxtaposes two high-speed motors that can reach 16,000 rpm, thus reducing the volume of the whole hybrid special transmission by about 30% and the weight by about 30%;
2. The "engine" is directly connected to the "generator" (P1 motor or ISG motor), connected to the "reduction gear" through the "clutch", and finally goes to the "output shaft". The "drive motor" (P3 motor) directly passes through the "reduction gear", and finally "power" also flows to the "output shaft", which is more efficient and fuel-efficient.
Schematic diagram of EHS system structure
According to the power of the drive motor, the current EHS system consists of three versions:
· 「EHS132」：The peak power of "generator" is 75kW, and that of "driving motor" is 132kW；;
· 「EHS145」：The peak power of "generator" is 75kW, and that of "driving motor" is 145kW；;
· 「EHS160」：The peak power of "generator" is 90kW, and that of "driving motor" is 160kW.
When the three EHS systems are adapted to the vehicle models, different Xiaoyun engines will be adopted:
"EHS 132" and "EHS145" adopt 1.5L "Xiaoyun Engine";
EHS 160 adopts Xiaoyun 1.5Ti Xiaoyun Engine.
Schematic diagram of working principle of BYD DM-i hybrid system (moving picture)
And "BYD DM-i hybrid system" also has the common working mode of hybrid system:
Pure electric mode:When starting and driving at low speed, the "drive motor" is powered by the "battery" to drive the vehicle;
Series mode:The "engine" drives the "generator" to generate electricity, and the electric energy is output to the "driving motor" through "electronic control" to directly drive the "wheels". When driving at low or medium speed or accelerating, if the "SOC value" is high, the vehicle control strategy will switch the drive to pure electric mode and stop the "engine". If the SOC value is low, the control strategy will make the engine work in the best efficiency area of oil consumption, and at the same time, the surplus energy will be converted into electric energy through the generator and temporarily stored in the battery, so that it is not easy to lose electricity under all working conditions.
Parallel mode:When the driving power demand of the whole vehicle is relatively high (such as overtaking at high speed or driving at ultra-high speed), the "engine" will be out of economic power, and at this time, the control system will let the "battery" intervene at an appropriate time to provide electric energy to the "drive motor" and form a parallel mode with the "engine";
Kinetic energy recovery mode:When braking, kinetic energy is recovered by "driving motor";
Engine direct drive mode:When cruising at high speed, the power of the engine is directly applied to the wheels through the clutch module in the EHS system, so that the engine is locked in the high-efficiency area. At the same time, in order to avoid the waste of the energy of the engine, the generator and the driving motor are on standby at any time, and when the power of the engine is surplus, they intervene in time to convert the energy into electric energy and store it in.
Schematic diagram of BYD flat wire motor
As mentioned earlier, from the complexity of structure and working principle, the "EHS system" may not be so amazing, but there are several key technologies behind this system, including but not limited to:
"Flat wire motor":The "motor" in "EHS system" adopts flat wire winding technology. According to official data, the highest efficiency of "motor" reaches 97.5%, the rated power is increased by 32%, the high-efficiency interval (the interval with efficiency greater than 90%) accounts for 90.3%, and the mass power density reaches 5.8 kW/kg.
The fourth generation "IGBT system" developed by ourselves;According to official data, the comprehensive efficiency of BYD’s "electronic control" is as high as 98.5%, and the "electronic control" high-efficiency area (that is, the area where the "electronic control" efficiency exceeds 90%) accounts for as high as 93%, which greatly reduces the loss of electronic control and improves efficiency.
Schematic diagram of manufacturing process of BYD’s fourth generation IGBT (moving picture)
Generally speaking, the core of EHS system is to make the engine focus on the best efficiency range and play more role as the motor.
3. "Blade Battery": BYD’s wayward capital
According to the official news, the blade battery used in BYD DM-i hybrid system should be slightly different from the blade battery used in pure electric vehicles. The official name is "hybrid special power blade battery", which makes me sigh that the main engine factory that can make its own battery is qualified for willfulness, and its special features are as follows:
Schematic diagram of BYD blade battery
The voltage of a single "battery" reaches 20V;Each battery is connected in series with several (presumably 6) soft package winding batteries, so that the voltage of a single battery can reach more than 20V, ensuring that the battery can still have enough voltage to ensure the driving efficiency of the motor when the power is low.
"Battery pack" can be flexibly matched:A single "battery pack" consists of 10 to 20 "blade batteries", in other words, the power will be between 8.3 and 21.5 kWh, that is, the theoretical pure battery life can be set between 50 and 120 km. Therefore, BYD can match "battery packs" with different capacities on different levels of vehicles;
Simplified structure and high space utilization;This is actually the common feature of BYD’s blade batteries. For example, the batteries are arranged vertically, so that the sampling wires, wires and data wires of the batteries can be placed on one side, thus reducing the structural complexity and improving the unit energy density of the battery pack.
Longitudinal arrangement of hybrid special power blade batteries
Of course, the analysis of the characteristics of other "blade batteries", such as the "discharge rate" and secondary packaging technology of "batteries", will not be expanded here, and we will open a separate article to explain it in detail. In a word, "blade battery" is as important as "Xiaoyun engine" and "EHS system" for the whole BYD DM-i hybrid system, which is indispensable and extremely important.
Byd Qin plus DM-i equipped with BYD DM-I hybrid system
To sum up the BYD DM-i hybrid system in one sentence, I think it can be said as follows:A self-developed hybrid system based on electricity has three core hybrid technologies and four main hybrid modes to create a driving experience with low fuel consumption and high comfort.
Vehicles equipped with BYD DM-i hybrid system
After talking about the technology of BYD DM-i hybrid system, let’s take stock of which BYD models have been or have been confirmed to be equipped with BYD DM-i hybrid system:
1. The Four Heavenly Kings who have officially served.
Qin PLUS DM-i
Official comprehensive endurance: 1245km
Price: 108,800-148,800 yuan
Qin PLUS DM-i is BYD’s first DM-i model, which was officially launched in March last year. In terms of appearance, Qin PLUS DM-i is based on the latest "『Dragon Face』" design concept, and at the same time, it incorporates new design elements. At present, this does represent the design ideas of some BYD models.
In terms of power, Qin PLUS DM-i is equipped with a 1.5L engine+drive motor, the maximum power of the engine is 81kW, and the drive motor has two kinds of power: the maximum power of the low power version is 132kW, and the zero acceleration is 7.9s；; The maximum power of the high-power version is 145kW, and the acceleration is 7.3s.
In terms of battery life, Qin PLUS DM-i is equipped with two blade batteries with different capacities of 8.32kWh and 18.32kWh. The corresponding pure electric cruising range is 55km and 120km respectively, and the minimum fuel consumption is 3.8L/100km.
Applicable people: the price is close to the people, the lowest electricity loss and fuel consumption, suitable for users who are mainly economical and comfortable.
Song PLUS DM-i
Official comprehensive endurance: 1200km
Price: 149,800-202,800 yuan
Song PLUS DM-i is BYD’s first SUV equipped with DM-i, which was officially launched in March last year like Qin plus DM-I. In terms of appearance, the new car is only slightly modified than Song PLUS, equipped with a larger blackened air intake grille, and the "Song" logo has been moved to chrome trim. Compared with the current Song PLUS model, the body height of the Song PLUS DM-i is reduced by 10mm, and the rest are the same.
In terms of power, the Song PLUS DM-i is equipped with a 1.5L engine+drive motor. The maximum power of the engine is 81kW, and the drive motor has two kinds of power: the maximum power of the low-power version is 132kW, and the zero acceleration is 8.5s；; The high-power version has a maximum power of 145kW and an acceleration of 7.9s. The top four-wheel drive version is equipped with a 1.5T engine, with a maximum power of 102kW, two drive motors of 145kW and 120kW, and an acceleration of 5.9s at zero speed.
In terms of battery life, Song PLUS DM-i is equipped with two blade batteries with different capacities of 8.3kWh and 18.3kWh. The corresponding pure electric cruising range is 51km and 110km (four-wheel drive version is 100km), and the minimum fuel consumption is 4.4L/100km and 4.5L/100km respectively.
Applicable people: compact SUV, suitable for users with space needs, and a performance version is available.
Tang DM-i
Official comprehensive endurance: 1050km
Price: 192,800-219,800 yuan
The third DM-i model was Tang DM-i, which was officially launched during the Shanghai Auto Show last year. In terms of appearance, Tang DM-i kept the design idea of "『Dragon Face』". Compared with Qin and Song Hui, it is sharper and more atmospheric, and the roof design of the suspended roof is also in line with the aesthetics of current consumers.
In terms of power, Tang DM-i is equipped with a 1.5T engine+drive motor, the maximum power of the engine is 102kW, and the drive motor has two kinds of power: the maximum power of the low-power version is 145kW, and the zero acceleration is 8.7s；; The high-power version has a maximum power of 160kW and an acceleration of 8.5s.
In terms of battery life, Tang DM-i is equipped with blade batteries with different capacities of 9.98kWh and 21.5kWh, corresponding to the pure electric cruising range of 52km and 112km respectively, and the minimum fuel consumption is 5.3L/100km and 5.5L/100km respectively.
Suitable crowd: medium-sized SUV with seven large seats and higher configuration, which is also suitable for users with space needs.
Song Pro DM-i
Official comprehensive endurance: 1090km
Price: 135,800-160,800 yuan
Song Pro DM-i is the latest DM-i model, which was officially launched in late December last year. Appearance, Song Pro DM-i followed BYD’s family-style design language and adopted the design concept of "『Dragon Face』". The proportion of front grille increased from 60% to 75%, D-pillar "Long Lin" decoration was added, and a new color scheme of "Kirin Brown+Sky Grey" was added to the interior, which improved the overall look and feel.
In terms of power, Song Pro DM-i is equipped with a 1.5L engine+drive motor. The maximum power of the engine is 81kW, and the drive motor has two kinds of power: the maximum power of the low-power version is 132kW, and the zero acceleration is 8.5s；; The high-power version has a maximum power of 145kW and an acceleration of 7.9s.
In terms of battery life, Song Pro DM-i is equipped with two blade batteries with different capacities, 8.3kWh and 18.3kWh, corresponding to the pure electric cruising range of 51km and 110km respectively, and the minimum fuel consumption is 4.4L/100km and 4.5L/100km respectively.
Applicable people: the price is more close to the people than Song PLUS DM-i, and it is suitable for users who value cost performance and have space needs.
2. "Four New Stars" who are eager to try.
New Tang DM-i
Official comprehensive endurance: estimated 1200km
Pre-sale price: unpublished
In terms of appearance, the new Tang DM-i has been slightly adjusted. The mesh grille has been changed into a Long Lin-shaped decoration, and the logo of Xiao Zhuan "Tang" on the decorative strip has been branded to the center of the chrome-plated decorative strip. The overall design is still the well-known Dragon Face 3.0 design.
In terms of power, the new Tang DM-i will be equipped with a 1.5T engine and a drive motor, with the maximum power of 102kW for the engine and 160kW for the drive motor. In addition, the new car will also provide a four-wheel drive high-performance version, equipped with two drive motors of 160kW and 200kW, with a zero-acceleration of only 4.3s.
In terms of battery life, the new Tang DM-i will be equipped with a blade battery with a capacity of 45.8kWh, which corresponds to a pure electric cruising range of 252km and 215km, and the minimum fuel consumption is 5.6L/100km and 6.5L/100km, respectively. These two cars are likely to correspond to two-wheel drive models and four-wheel drive models. It is worth mentioning that the pure battery life of 252km is also the strongest existence of plug-in hybrid models in China.
Applicable people: Compared with the current Tang DM-i, it is also suitable for users with performance requirements.
Han DM-i
Official comprehensive endurance: estimated 1300km
Pre-sale price: unpublished
In terms of appearance, the front air intake design has changed slightly, and the taillights have been replaced with a new style. The length, width and height of Han DM-i are 4975/1910/1495mm and the wheelbase is 2920mm respectively. Compared with the current Han DM model, the body length is 15mm longer, and the rest are the same.
In terms of power, Han DM-i is equipped with a 1.5T engine+drive motor, and the maximum power of the engine is 102kW. The standard battery life is equipped with a driving motor with a maximum power of 145kW, the ultra-long battery life version is 160kW, and the four-wheel drive high-performance version is equipped with two driving motors of 160kW and 200kW respectively, with a zero-speed acceleration of 3.7s s.
In terms of battery life, Han DM-i will be equipped with blade batteries with different capacities of 18.3kWh and 37.6kWh, respectively, and the corresponding pure electric cruising range is 121km and 242km (performance version is 202km). Among them, the minimum fuel consumption of the model equipped with 18.3kWh battery is 4.2L/100km.
Applicable people: users who have high requirements for the rear space and prefer the driving sense of cars, and have performance versions to choose from.
Song MAX DM-i
Official comprehensive endurance: 1090km
Pre-sale price: 146,800-173,800 yuan
In terms of appearance, the Song MAX DM-i has hardly changed much compared with the Song MAX, and it still provides two different versions, 6-seat and 7-seat. However, it is worth mentioning that on two of the models, the new car is equipped with a "cabin roof" configuration, and the height of 1880mm allows children to walk freely in the car.
In terms of power, the Song MAX DM-i will be equipped with a 1.5L engine and a driving motor, with the maximum power of 81kW for the engine and 132kW for the driving motor, and the acceleration at zero speed is 7.9s.
In terms of battery life, the Song MAX DM-i will be equipped with two blade batteries with different capacities of 8.3kWh and 18.3kWh. The corresponding pure electric cruising range is 51km and 105km respectively, and the minimum fuel consumption is 4.4L/100km. Among them, the 105km version supports fast charging, and it takes only 30 minutes to charge the power from 30% to 80%.
Applicable crowd: large space, low floor, more friendly to users of family cars.
Destroyer 05 DM-i
Official comprehensive endurance: estimated at 1090km
Pre-sale price: or 120,000-160,000 yuan
This player is special, not belonging to the above-mentioned BYD Dynasty series, but belonging to BYD Ocean series, with a slightly higher positioning than Qin PLUS DM-I.. In terms of appearance, destroyer 05 adopted the design concept of "marine aesthetics". All the transverse trims on the front of the new car form a plane together with the brand-new LED headlights, which looks very unique.
In terms of power, destroyer 05 will adopt the same powertrain as Qin PLUS DM-i, equipped with a 1.5L engine and a drive motor. The maximum power of the engine is 81kW, and the drive motor has two kinds of power: the maximum power of the low-power version is 132kW, and the zero-speed acceleration is 7.9s；; The maximum power of the high-power version is 145kW, and the acceleration is 7.3s.
In terms of battery life, destroyer 05 will be equipped with two kinds of blade batteries with different capacities, corresponding to the pure electric cruising range of 55km and 120km respectively, and the minimum fuel consumption is 4.4L/100km. Among them, the 120km version supports 17kW fast charging, and it only takes 25 minutes to charge from 30% to 80%.
Applicable people: it has a higher positioning than Qin PLUS DN-i, and is suitable for users who are more exquisite.
BYD DM Dual Platform Strategy: Phased Achievements
On January 3, 2022, BYD announced the sales data for 2021: In 2021, 730,093 passenger cars were sold, among which 272,935 vehicles equipped with BYD DM hybrid system were sold. With the appearance of many models equipped with "BYD DM-i hybrid system", it is believed that the sales of BYD DM models will increase steadily.
The beginning of recycling: an overview of the technical route of BYD DM hybrid system
When we review the course of BYD’s DM hybrid system, we will find that BYD’s DM dual-platform strategy is a staged victory after nearly 20 years of technology accumulation:
Architectural changes of BYD DM hybrid system in past dynasties (moving picture)
Finally, I summarized the basic parameters and architecture of each generation of "DM hybrid system", and summarized the characteristics and historical significance of each generation:
Parameters & Architecture of the First Generation DM Hybrid System (for reference only)
The "first generation DM hybrid system" determined the hybrid architecture with the design concept of fuel economy, but it failed to open the market due to the factors of "engine", "three power" technology and manufacturing cost at that time. It should be said that the historical significance of the "first generation DM hybrid system" is greater than its market significance.
Parameters & Architecture of the Second Generation DM Hybrid System (for reference only)
The "second generation DM hybrid system" is an attempt by BYD to build a "high-performance hybrid system". Although there are obvious problems in energy consumption and feed capacity, it has raised the upper limit of the performance of this price hybrid model, which has strong industrial significance.
Parameters & Architecture of the Third Generation DM Hybrid System (for reference only)
With the continuous improvement of BYD’s technology in "Three Electricity", the practicability of "the third generation DM hybrid system" has been greatly improved, especially the hybrid solution with high-power "BSG motor", which has surprised many colleagues.
Parameters & Architecture of BYD DM-p Hybrid System (for reference only)
The BYD DM-p hybrid system is a milestone of BYD’s phased solidification of the "three motors+powershift" hybrid scheme. Under the two technical guarantees of "high power motor+large capacity battery", the vehicles equipped with BYD DM-p hybrid system have made another qualitative leap in NVH, power switching smoothness and energy consumption.
Byd DM-i hybrid system parameters & architecture (for reference only)
Of course, "BYD DM-i hybrid system" is the trump card of BYD in the field of hybrid technology at present, and its economy and practicality are self-evident. As summarized before, the most valuable point of BYD DM-i hybrid system is that BYD has the ability to develop and manufacture key components such as battery, electronic control and electronic control chip.
Parameter list of BYD DM hybrid system in past dynasties (for reference only)
If you want to ask me: "Is the current BYD DM hybrid system good? My answer is: After nearly 20 years of development, BYD DM Hybrid System has developed into a school of its own in terms of technology and production, and it is quite mature. As for whether to recommend people to buy it, I still have those two sentences:
So, we have got a car equipped with BYD DM-i hybrid system. As for which car, please look forward to it ~ ~ Keke ~ ~
