poster；playbill

Special feature of 1905 film network　Recently, the film "Seventeen Years Old with Pain" was released. The film tells that a troubled girl who suffered from "anodynia" broke up with a gangster "boyfriend" with the help of her classmates and a new young female teacher, fell in love with the schoolmaster, escaped from her rebellious life in the past and successfully fought back. After experiencing the death of grandma, campus fire and other changes, it grew rapidly … …

Xueba crams lessons for the hostess

Do you feel deja vu? Is it very much like a movie in the past?

Let’s take a look at the plot: a girl who is deaf in half of her ear, Li Er, wants to learn bad, and meets the unruly bad girl Li Bala. Li Er likes Xu Yi, Li Bala likes Zhang Yang, and Li Bala pursues Xu Yi at Zhang Yang’s request. Later, Li Bala died suddenly and unfortunately, Xu Yi gradually degenerated, and Li Er and Zhang Yang came together and grew rapidly … …

Lear has a crush on Xu Yi.

If you say that "Left Ear" and "Seventeen Years of Pain" are both written by Rao Xueman, the similarity is normal. Then, let’s take a look at the plot of "Looking at Heaven with Trees in Summer":

Xia Mu, a teenager, suffered from autism until Shu Yawang, a 16-year-old boy with a boyfriend, appeared to help Xia Mu get out of the haze. During her college years, Yawang was sexually assaulted by Qu Weiran, a rich second generation who fell in love with her, and Xia Mu grew up rapidly after making crazy acts in despair … …

Xia Mu rode with Shu Yawang.

The key words of the above story: illness, bad study, love triangle, crime, love in any arrangement and combination. They all have the same formula, the same taste and the same "pain" youth.

"Pain is" youth

This kind of "painful" youth film must first have a protagonist suffering from an innocuous disease, and then there will be plot conflicts due to a love triangle. Finally, due to the crime and death of some characters in the play, the life and thoughts of the protagonist will have an irreversible "arc";

They all aim at the same handsome and beautiful young actors with the same warm and soft light filters, but all of them are stiff in performance, awkward in lines, bloody in plot and rough in details. Even "Seventeen Years Old Who Will Hurt" has not been released yet, and the title of the film has been greatly vomited by netizens: "You will hurt! I have medicine! "

"seventeen years old that will hurt" caused netizens to vomit collectively.

This kind of collective ridicule is only because the "youth" they describe is a false story that is exactly the same, pale and weak, and only exists in imagination. It has nothing to do with the youth that each of us really experiences.

How did the "Pain Department" youth film come from? All this should start with the youth literature that became popular more than ten years ago.

The cover of budding magazine

At that time, the mobile phone was a non-intelligent machine that could only make phone calls and send text messages, and newspapers and magazines still occupied an important position in the media. In order to get short-term entertainment outside textbooks, campus life could only read books and magazines, so youth literature and art occupied the lives of young people.

Dumbphone

Most of the audiences of these youth novels are teenagers in their teens, who are not only ignorant of the social reality, but also ignorant of the life they are experiencing, and shallow cultural products are more likely to be accepted by them.

Youth literature similar to Mary Su’s online novels became popular at first. Later, Jing M.Guo’s and Rao Xueman’s youth literature soon surpassed Mary Su’s because of "exposing scars", "excavating the dark side of growth" and appearing "profound". When "painful youth" is gradually typed, it quickly becomes a commodity for teenagers to consume.

The cover of the most novel

The covers of these youth pain literature are all boys and girls, who "look up at the sky at a 45-degree angle, or look down at the earth with their eyebrows lowered". The sentences written on the inside page are sad and melodramatic, and they can be QQ signatures of crystal girls in minutes. The content of the story is out of line for the sake of being out of line, and it hurts for the sake of pain. In a word: work.

Look up at the sky at a 45-degree angle

"Painful youth" literature and art often adopt extreme cases in campus life in order to make their works get more amazing and more "shocking" reading experience, but the real student life is cut into pieces and simplified to the maximum in the works, and the main aspects of life become elements, while the false youth imagination becomes the main body.

Mr. Lu Xun once said that he didn’t like popular literature and art in the Republic of China, because most of the themes of those works were "beautiful and precious". Getting a few beauties and digging up any treasures are actually satisfying "psychosexuality".

Mr Lu Xun

If "getting beauty and treasure" is an adult’s fantasy, then "painful youth" is a teenager’s fantasy. It successfully captures the young people’s dissatisfaction and agitation with the boring life in reality, leaving exaggerated youth stories to the young people to "fantasize", making empty and pale characters become youth myths in the eyes of boys and girls and heroic dreams against plain life.

When did the "Pain Department" youth film begin? This should start with the release of the film directed by Zhao Weishou. In 2013, "To Youth" won a high box office of 700 million yuan at a low cost. This powerful commercial success is like a shot in the arm to stimulate the film and television industry, and the subsequent "To Youth" series came one after another and became a trend.

Box office winner "To Youth"

Although "To Youth" is full of details (for example, the "civil youth" in the film seems to live the life of a literary youth), it still maintains a certain level of plot, while the subsequent youth series generally carries forward the shortcomings of "To Youth" and has undergone major changes in creative mentality. IP and traffic stars have become the king of the market, the plot has become more absurd, and the audience has become younger and younger.

Fan movie

The environment presented by the work is more and more divorced from reality, and the setting of roles and the relationship between roles are more distorted. In order to increase the capacity of the story in a shorter time, making a movie even allows the protagonist to experience life and death in just a few days. Finally, in order to be able to mass-produce, the plot is the same. After mastering a set of winning routines for youth films, the film industry began mass production of "Pain Department" youth films.

At the beginning, three roommates of the hostess were arranged to die in a car accident

Some people may ask, are all the youth films in China like this?

The answer is no, of course. Perhaps this summer’s youth film is an anomaly in recent years. It embeds the elements of American youth film such as "club", "party", "atrix" and "inspirational" into China’s youth story, weakening the love of boys and girls to be ambiguous and ignorant, and the end result of the story is the pursuit of ideals and the realization of individual values.

"Flash Girl" composed by youth and blood

These outstanding parts may bring some inspiration to the commercial road of Chinese youth films at present.

In fact, there have been many successful youth films in China, such as Jiang Wen, Wang Xiaoshuai, etc. Among them, Sunny Days is also loved by American genius quentin tarantino.

Jiang Wen’s work Sunny Days

These excellent youth films are rooted in the background of the great era, describing the restlessness of a generation of youth, even seeing the big from the small and facing social problems directly. The rapid social changes in China over the past 100 years have made it difficult for Chinese people to have a vacuum youth that can shed social reality. Generation after generation has been involved in the torrent of the times. Even the love in adolescence has the background of the changes of the times.

Wang Xiaoshuai’s works

We criticize "painful youth", but it is paradoxical that those youth films that can be engraved in the film history are often really sad and cruel, such as Sunny Days mentioned above and Japanese director Nagisa ?shima’s youth films in the 1960s. As the Italian writer mauriac said, "Do you think youth is a good thing? Youth is like a swamp in thawing. "

In 1960, the Japanese film "The Story of Youth Cruelty"

Everyone has a different life experience and may have a different understanding of youth. For the post-80s and 90s generation, they are at the peak of birth since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and they have experienced the cruel competition and helplessness of adult society at a carefree age.

Around the college entrance examination

They were separated from their parents by the rapid development of the times, and the two generations experienced conflict, running-in and understanding; Many of them are only children, who grew up under the love and protection of their parents, and entered the society before they were young … … Facing the unbearable weight of collision reality with the unbearable lightness of youth is the collective memory of this generation and the "pain" of youth after 80′ s and 90′ s.

An indifferent father and daughter 2.

Unfortunately, the whole theater, the stage staged absurd stories, the audience broke out with disdain laughter, and the stirring youth of a generation eventually became a commodity for people to entertain, so that the song of youth, which should be romantic and wild, was abandoned in the national entertainment.

1905 movie network news Excited heart, trembling hands. Who would have thought that a program that many netizens have been thinking about for a long time has actually come true? The entertainment circle, which has been spit out and does not leave a way out for middle-aged actresses, has gathered many female stars over the age of 30 to debut together again? ! This file began to be recorded, "Elder Sister Braving the Wind and Waves", which went up to tranquility, including Eva Huang and Claudia, and was released to Yuqi Zhang and Loura. Twenty-nine female stars lived in a big house for training, and after a round of elimination, they formed a female group to debut.

This is not sister circle 101. What else can it be? But immediately, some netizens said, do you think the audience really wants to see the girls’ group? My sister’s daily life immediately gives me 24-hour uninterrupted broadcast. They are all people who have been dreaming of the entertainment industry for many years. They know the wind and see the rain and attract the audience. Isn’t it because Malanshan Empresses in the Palace has already begun to be staged in their minds?　

Not to mention, even Liu Mintao, who let herself go and sang "Red High Heels", has been told by netizens to kick the pavilion because of various Queen’s expression packs.　

It seems that the "Sister" variety show is really different from the "Little Sister" variety show. "Pale yellow long skirts and fluffy hair" may be regarded as girls who want to enter the entertainment industry, but "sisters" want to break the circle in the audience, so do they have to "make waves"?　

If you want to get high ratings, your sister has a knife.

Although "Braving the Wind and Waves" has just started to be recorded, the inappropriate gossip has been flying all over the sky. It is said that the first day of recording was as long as 20 hours, and people began to lose their temper. No matter whether the news is true or not, netizens who have already begun to prepare for the good show have already been gearing up and waiting for how the female stars will compete with each other in the show.

Tear before sowing, regardless of the willy-nilly, make a wave of heat. This is also a routine that many "sisters" are quite familiar with. Even if you love each other in the program, you can’t wait for the female stars to have a knife in their hands and throw it at the recognized "small work" in the program for the audience.

This is probably a bad demonstration brought by the beginning of Flowers and Teenagers in 2014. It seems that only the disagreement of female stars can arouse the audience’s desire to watch.　

The English title "Divas Hit the Road" of "Flowers and Teenagers" suggests that this is definitely not a simple program. What is Diva (Network Extension means Queen)? In addition to old qualifications and good grades, the most important thing is a difficult attitude. So Diva get together, and the attraction naturally becomes the interaction between them. So in the first season of "Flowers and Teenagers", the ratings of CSM national network reached 1.14, and in the sixth episode, the ratings reached 1.29, and the ratings share became the highest in the whole season, reaching 8.33.　

In the second season of "Flowers and Teenagers", the program side obviously tasted the sweetness, and in terms of candidates, it found the tranquility known for its violent temper. The first episode broke the ratings record of last season, and it was not until the last episode that the ratings of CSM50 fell below 1.

Until now, the official announcement of "Sister Who Rides the Wind and Waves" has been made, and some people are still reviewing the second season of "Flowers and Teenagers", and analyzing the interpersonal relationship among them has become a well-known knowledge in the entertainment circle. As a result, Huang Xiaoming served as the convener and quietly participated again, which also made the audience start to look forward to the collision between "Ming Xue" and "Hua Xue".

The program is low in ratings. Sister interaction is too polite?

After tasting the sweetness brought by Flowers and Teenagers, TV stations naturally refused to give up such a variety show. After buying the copyrighted "Sister Flower", it started broadcasting in "Flowers Less", but the atmosphere was more harmonious than that of its rivals. Although Xi Meijuan, Xu Fan, Wang Lin and Lin Chi-ling and two "egg guests" Victoria Song and Andy were invited in the first season of "Sister in Flowers", the main theme of the program is the mutual care among various teams. However, in reality shows, it is indispensable for writers to use dramatic conflicts to highlight the personality of the guests and attract the audience. However, Sister in Flowers has obviously weakened the content of "sisters", and a pleasant trip can only get warm ratings.　

Compared with the first season of Flowers and Teenagers, which has kept the ratings above 1.0, the opening ratings of Sister Flower in the first season were only 0.945, and fell to 0.779 in the 12th issue. Could it be that without the sisters who "make waves", they really can’t move the program ratings?　

Idol Comes and the following two seasons, Here We Come, failed to become the same viewing monsters as Flowers and Teenagers. "Idol Comes" was invited to Brigitte Lin, and the first two episodes of the program were still ranked first in CSM50 ratings. However, since the third episode, the ratings of the program have been declining, and the ranking even dropped to the fourth.　

In this program, the legendary goddess and the popular little flowers are on the same stage, and they still take the program route of life experience, but they increase the experience rather than the interaction between members. Some people say that "Idol Comes" is not so much a variety show as an outdoor "roadshow+interview". When competitive programs such as Running Man and Extreme Challenge fill the gap of good-looking and interesting reality shows, how many viewers want to watch the polite sisters pull the plane together?　

What’s more, there are already stars who have pulled the plane. Who wants to see the same task done again? Brigitte Lin in the first season brought both ratings and embarrassment. From the moment Nana saw Brigitte Lin start to cry, the show turned into actresses being cautious in front of their idols.　

This is also the embarrassment of the current "Sister" variety show. At first, the program tasted the sweetness brought by contradictions and inner drama, but when the program wants to find a balance between meaningful and interesting, it may lose the audience that has been cultivated.　

How to take a happy life to wave when the program is transferred to the network

From "Idol Comes" and "Here We Come", variety shows are also in a period of transformation. After the third season of Flowers and Teenagers was updated in 2017, there is no new season; "Flower Sister" also stopped in 2017. At the same time, a new kind of slow variety show has appeared on TV and Internet. Dear Inn and Yearning Life premiered in 2017; The "Happy Trio" that appeared in 2018, etc., although the program format is biased towards business and life, sisters are still the mainstay of the program.

Sensing the change of the wind direction, Mango TV also launched a new "Sister" variety: "Wife’s Romantic Travel". Although it is no longer broadcast on TV, My Wife’s Romantic Travel just took the place of Flowers and Teenagers.　

Unlike "Little Flowers", The Romantic Travel of My Wife has also changed from a personal orientation to marriage and family. Wives travel, while husband-in-law groups observe from a distance in the video studio. In the second season, the broadcast volume of this program even exceeded the "Youth has You" broadcast on the same platform. Even the topic of online discussion has changed from the personality and performance of a single actress to the relationship and interaction between the actress and her husband.　

This also shows that today’s "Sister Variety" is also changing with the variety environment. After several years of cultivation of slow variety and various competitive variety, the audience has gradually changed from simply making waves to having fun from the process design and theme of the program itself.　

Is the "Sister Circle" variety show popular again? Tearing off the label can succeed.

So although it is hot on the Internet now, it is the sisters who can lose their temper and play better. However, judging from the variety shows in recent years, whether the process is good or not, whether the talents of the sisters are wonderful or not, and whether there is a stalk in personality are the key points for the final success of the program. In fact, in the last two years, the trainee series has gradually torn off the label of Sichuan style stew pork in the talent show, but it is a big breakthrough for my sisters to go to the women’s group variety show. After the announcement of "Sister Riding the Wind and Waves", the platform made a derivative variety called "Definition".

"I am afraid that I don’t have a label, and I am more afraid that I will be labeled casually; When you can’t define others, you are even more afraid that you can’t clearly define yourself. " Does this remark also mean subverting the women’s group? There is always discussion that the age limit of actresses is the glass ceiling of the entertainment circle. Netizens are always imagining that they can gather middle-aged female stars to play "The Character of a Lady".

When the actresses that everyone knows enter middle age, there are more discussions about middle-aged actresses on the Internet. Then this group of interesting and Slay (network stalk, meaning killing the audience) sisters went online collectively, did it bring new possibilities to female stars?

Tan Ming, Party Secretary and General Manager of China Unicom Hunan Company, welcomed Pan Hongjun and his party, and introduced in detail the development of Hunan Unicom in smart cities and industrial Internet in recent three years, fully explained the strength of the company in the research, development, integration and operation of global tourism products, and put forward unique opinions on the intelligent construction and operation of Dongting Lake Cultural Tourism Resort in Yueyang Tower, Hunan Province. Finally, China Unicom Hunan Company indicated that it will cooperate deeply in informatization in the future and contribute Unicom wisdom to the construction of Dongting Lake Cultural Tourism Resort in Yueyang Tower, Hunan Province.

　　(No.91 [2020] issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security)　

All provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government and the human resources and social security departments (bureaus) of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, health committees and medical insurance bureaus:　　

　　In order to thoroughly implement the Social Insurance Law, the Regulations on Work-related Injury Insurance, the Interim Measures for Resettlement of Old, Weak, Sick and Disabled Cadres in the State Council and the Interim Measures for Retirement and Resignation of Workers in the State Council (Guo Fa [1978] No.104), further standardize the labor ability appraisal behavior, strengthen the management of labor ability appraisal, improve the quality and level of labor ability appraisal, and strengthen the risk prevention and control of labor ability appraisal, relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:　　

　　First, fully understand the importance of labor ability appraisal.　　

　　Labor ability appraisal is an important basis for employees to enjoy relevant social security benefits and an important link to prevent fund risks. Local human and social departments should earnestly strengthen the leadership of labor ability appraisal, establish and improve labor ability appraisal institutions, fully equip and strengthen specialized staff, standardize labor ability appraisal procedures, and carry out labor ability appraisal according to laws and regulations.　　

　　Two, unified due to illness or non work-related disability labor ability appraisal standards.　　

　　Local human and social departments shall, when handling retirement due to illness or non-work-related disability that has not reached the statutory retirement age, take the appraisal conclusion of labor ability due to illness or non-work-related disability issued by the labor ability appraisal committee as the basis. People’s social departments around the country to carry out the appraisal of labor ability due to illness or non-work-related disability, in principle, should be based on the "Standards for Appraisal of Workers’ Non-work-related Disability or Loss of Labor Ability due to Illness (Trial)" (No.8 [2002] of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security).　　

　　Three, standardize the labor ability appraisal procedures　　

　　Local human and social departments should further refine the work system of labor ability appraisal on the basis of the Regulations on Work-related Injury Insurance and the Measures for the Administration of Labor Ability Appraisal of Workers with Work-related Injury. At present, there is no management method for the appraisal of labor ability due to illness or non-work-related disability, which shall be implemented with reference to the Management Method for the Appraisal of Labor Ability of Workers with Work Injury.　　

　　Fourth, make the conclusion of labor ability appraisal in strict accordance with the regulations.　　

　　Local human and social departments should take measures from process design, risk prevention and other aspects to strengthen the on-site management of labor ability appraisal and carry out on-site appraisal in a safe and orderly manner. Experts in labor ability appraisal should carry out symptomatic examination in strict accordance with the specification requirements of relevant standards, accurately describe the symptoms of the injury, and put forward the opinions on the specific levels and terms of the injury symptoms that meet or refer to the labor ability appraisal standards and comprehensive grading opinions one by one. The labor ability appraisal committee shall make an appraisal conclusion objectively and fairly according to the appraisal opinions of the expert group. The appraisal of the labor ability of workers with work-related injuries shall not exceed the injured position and scope specified in the work-related injury certificate.　　

　　Five, strengthen the risk prevention and control of labor ability appraisal　　

　　Local human and social departments should strengthen the internal control management of labor ability appraisal from the aspects of organizational control, business operation control, information system control, supervision and management control, and expense control, improve the frequency and quality of business verification and sampling inspection, clarify the standards and requirements for post allocation, personnel management, authority setting, business procedures, file management, system construction, safety management and other matters, and establish and improve the internal control management system. Strengthen the internal supervision and external supervision of labor ability appraisal, and enhance the credibility of labor ability appraisal.　　

　　Six, strengthen the construction of a clean government in labor ability appraisal　　

　　All localities should put discipline ahead, earnestly strengthen the construction of a clean government in labor ability appraisal, change work style, compact the main responsibility, strengthen warning education, firmly establish a sense of honesty and bottom line, and resolutely put an end to false appraisal and human appraisal. The problems of violation of discipline and discipline in the work of labor ability appraisal should be checked in time and dealt with seriously according to the law and regulations. We should adhere to problem-oriented and goal-oriented, establish and improve relevant systems, build a long-term mechanism for building a clean government, and strive to prevent and eliminate violations of discipline from the system and procedures.　　

　　Seven, strengthen the construction of labor ability appraisal experts.　　

　　Local labor ability appraisal committees should give full play to the synergy of health departments and other member units, enrich the expert database of labor ability appraisal, establish an expert appraisal and evaluation system, strengthen policy and ability training, and strengthen the management and dynamic adjustment of the expert database of labor ability appraisal. For the areas or subjects where the number of doctors above the deputy director of medical and health experts in the expert database is less, the attending doctors with excellent politics, exquisite business, excellent style, honesty and credibility can be recommended by the health department to enrich the team of labor ability appraisal experts. For those who have been re-appraised and changed their level for many times within one year, the qualification of labor ability appraisal experts should be suspended or cancelled. Experts with outstanding performance in the work of labor ability appraisal are given priority under the same conditions as evaluating professional and technical titles and employment positions. Conditional areas can ensure the fairness of labor ability appraisal by arranging experts for cross-city appraisal at the provincial level at random.　　

　　Eight, strengthen the archives management of labor ability appraisal.　　

　　All localities should improve the archives management of labor ability appraisal, realize the integration of archives and business, and ensure comprehensiveness, accuracy and standardization. It is necessary to standardize the management and preservation of paper files, study and formulate standards for electronic files, and establish an electronic file system. Conditional regional labor ability appraisal committee can make use of modern medical technology and multimedia imaging equipment to strengthen the collection of relevant image data on the appraisal site, which can be archived for future reference as an important basis for evaluating the level of industrial injury disability of employees and the appraisal of labor ability due to illness or non-work-related disability.　　

　　Nine, strengthen the information construction of labor ability appraisal　　

　　Local human and social departments should accelerate the information integration construction of industrial injury insurance identification and handling, and realize the electronic closed loop of labor ability identification workflow; Through the internet channel, realize the online application and conclusion inquiry of labor ability appraisal; Explore strengthening the verification and inspection of labor ability appraisal results through information technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, so that the whole process can be traced, supervised and traceable. Strengthen internal information sharing with social organizations such as endowment insurance, and realize business cooperation. Strengthen information sharing with health and wellness committees, medical insurance departments and medical institutions, encourage mutual recognition and sharing of hospital inspection results, reduce repeated inspections, facilitate employees to handle affairs, and reduce the time limit for labor ability appraisal; Through the comparison with the medical information of medical institutions designated by medical insurance, the authenticity of the application materials for labor ability appraisal is verified. Encourage local governments to actively cooperate to carry out the work of labor ability appraisal in different places, and support qualified places to explore and carry out "remote appraisal" for special groups at a specific time.　　

　　Ten, strengthen the statistical work of labor ability appraisal.　　

　　Local human and social departments should attach great importance to the statistical work of labor ability appraisal, arrange special personnel to be responsible for it, and effectively ensure the quality of statistical data. The appraisal of labor ability due to illness or non-work-related disability (see annex) will be submitted on time and in a unified manner with the appraisal of labor ability (table W18 of the people’s social system) on an annual basis, and serious errors will be reported in the verified statistical data.　　

　　Attachment: Appraisal of the ability to work due to illness or work-related disability　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 National Health Commission (NHS)　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　2020yeartwelvemoon17sun　　　

　　(This piece is made public voluntarily)　　　

　　(Contact unit: Industrial Injury Insurance Department of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security)　

　

　

education

　

Ordinary institutions of higher learning Refers to the full-time universities, independent colleges, junior colleges, higher vocational schools and other institutions that are approved to be held according to the setting standards and examination and approval procedures stipulated by the state, recruit high school graduates as the main training objects, and implement higher education.

Universities and independent colleges mainly carry out education at or above the undergraduate level, colleges and vocational schools carry out education at the junior college level, and other institutions are institutions that undertake the tasks of the national general enrollment plan. Including branches of ordinary colleges and universities and approved ordinary colleges and universities.

Independent college Refers to the secondary colleges at the undergraduate level organized by ordinary undergraduate colleges according to the new mechanism and model. The secondary colleges, "branch schools" or other similar secondary institutions established by some ordinary undergraduate colleges according to the public mechanism and mode do not belong to this category.

adult higher colleges Refers to the national unified entrance examination for adult higher education, which is approved by the national setting standards and examination and approval procedures.,Schools that recruit people who have graduated from high school or equivalent education as the main training object and implement higher education by correspondence, part-time and full-time education. Including staff colleges and universities, farmers colleges and universities, management cadre colleges, education colleges, independent correspondence colleges, radio and television universities, and other institutions. Other institutions are institutions that undertake the tasks of the national adult enrollment plan without counting schools.

Other private institutions of higher education Refers to the units that have been approved by the education administrative departments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and issued school licenses, and do not have the qualification to issue diplomas from ordinary colleges and universities.

Secondary vocational education After adjustment, secondary vocational schools refer to all kinds of school types that implement secondary vocational education, such as ordinary secondary specialized schools (secondary technical schools, secondary normal schools), adult secondary specialized schools, vocational high schools and other institutions, and are adjusted into unified school types through merger, co-construction, joint operation and transfer.

Other institutions Refers to the educational institutions undertaking secondary vocational education without counting schools (including closed schools and secondary vocational education institutions attached to institutions of higher learning).

Vocational junior high school Refers to a teaching institution approved by the education administrative department at or above the county level to recruit primary school graduates to implement junior secondary vocational and technical education.

primary education Refers to the teaching institutions approved by the education administrative departments at or above the county level to recruit school-age children to implement primary education.

approved school Refers to a teaching institution jointly organized by the education department and the public security department to rescue middle school students who have minor violations of the law.

special needs education Refers to an independent teaching institution that recruits blind, deaf and mentally handicapped children and other children and adolescents with special needs for general or vocational primary and secondary education.

preschool education Including kindergartens and preschool classes. Pre-school class refers to an organizational form of organizing pre-school children to carry out one-year pre-school education in some areas where pre-school children cannot enter the park for three years. Preschool class is an important form of developing preschool education in rural areas, and it is also an auxiliary form for cities to make up for the shortage of kindergartens.

combined junior and senior high school Refers to the educational institutions jointly established by ordinary junior high schools and senior high schools.

On-the-job personnel pursue doctoral and master’s degrees. Refers to the students who are approved by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and enrolled in the national entrance examination for doctoral and master’s degrees in order to improve the professional level of on-the-job personnel. The students trained only have degrees and no academic qualifications.

Self-taught students Refers to the students enrolled in full-time teaching remedial classes for students who take self-study exams in higher education.

Diploma examination students Refers to the full-time college students enrolled in other private higher education institutions to take the higher education diploma examination.

General preparatory students Refers to the preparatory enrollment plan issued with the approval of the Ministry of Education and the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, which recruits ethnic minorities, Hong Kong, Macao, overseas Chinese and Taiwanese students. After one year of cultural tutoring, those who pass are promoted to relevant majors in ordinary colleges and universities.

Further education and training Refers to all kinds of non-academic education in higher education schools (institutions).

Higher education qualification certificate training Refers to the non-academic education organized by various higher education institutions, which recruits management staff with high school graduation education, engaged in professional and technical work or strong professionalism, and obtains the professional knowledge level that meets the post requirements after passing the study and examination. The forms of certificate education include single-subject classes and professional certificate classes.

Higher education post certificate training Refers to the non-academic education and training activities organized by various higher education institutions to improve their work ability. All kinds of personnel who have received training pass the examination as required, and they will be issued with post qualification certificates and appointment letters. On-the-job training forms include qualification training and adaptability training.

Secondary education qualification certificate training Refers to all kinds of trained personnel who have passed the study and examination and obtained professional qualification certificates that meet the post requirements.

Secondary education post certificate training Refers to all kinds of trained personnel who have passed the study and examination, and issued post qualification certificates and post appointment letters.

Net enrollment rate of primary school-age children Refers to the proportion of school-age children who have entered primary school in the survey range to the total number of school-age children inside and outside the school (including mentally retarded children, excluding blind deaf-mute children).

Faculty (basic education) Refers to the fixed personnel (excluding temporary workers and teachers) who are prepared in schools and engaged in teaching, management and logistics support.

Teaching staff can be divided into teachers, administrators, teaching assistants and workers according to the nature of their work.

Faculty (higher and secondary vocational education) Refers to the number of teaching and administrative staff who work in schools (institutions) and are paid by schools (institutions), including ① those who are on the staff, that is, those whose personnel relations and files are in schools according to the original personnel management system; (2) Appointment personnel, that is, long-term and full-time staff recruited by universities (institutions) after the personnel system reform. The personnel relationship of the appointment personnel is in the school, but the files are not in the school.

The number of teaching and administrative staff includes the teaching and administrative staff of the headquarters, personnel of scientific research institutions, employees of school-run enterprises and personnel of other affiliated institutions.

full-time teacher Refers to a person who is qualified as a teacher and specializes in teaching.

National financial education funds Include education funds in that national budget, tax and fees levied by governments at all levels for education, school-run education fund by enterprises, and education funds from school-run industries, work-study programs and social services.

Education funds in financial budget Refers to the education funds arranged by the central and local governments at all levels or the competent department at a higher level during the year and planned to be allocated to schools and educational institutions at all levels sponsored by the education department and other departments, which are included in the national budget expenditure items, including education funds, scientific research funds, infrastructure funds and other funds.

　

culture

　

Cultural undertakings and cultural enterprise institutions Refers to the institutions and enterprises that specialize in culture and related work and have legal personality and independent accounting, as well as business professional cultural activity units that are independently accounted for and affiliated to institutions. Including: literary and artistic creation and performance, art performance venues, cultural relics and cultural protection, museums, libraries and archives, mass cultural activities, cultural and artistic brokerage and agency, other cultural and artistic industries, entertainment and cultural services, etc. Cultural and artistic education in the education industry; And other industries run by cultural institutions that do not belong to the above industries.

Non-cultural industrial institutions Refers to the institutions and enterprises that do not belong to the above "cultural institutions and cultural enterprises" and are directly under the competent cultural departments at all levels, as well as all kinds of non-cultural activities units run by various institutions and enterprises in the cultural sector.

Art performance group Refers to all kinds of professional art performance groups that are organized or managed by the cultural department and specialize in literature, art creation and performing arts, excluding half-work, half-agriculture and half-art troupes.

Art performance venues Refers to the management activities of places with auditorium, stage and lighting equipment, which are dedicated to the performance of literary and art groups. Including concert halls, opera houses, dance theaters, theatres, circuses and other places for cultural performances. Does not include cinemas, auditoriums, stadiums, art galleries and art galleries such as painting and sculpture.

Art colleges and universities Refers to the full-time, independent colleges and junior college art schools that are approved to be held according to the setting standards and examination and approval procedures stipulated by the state, incorporated into the national enrollment plan, passed the national unified enrollment examination, recruited high school graduates and those equivalent to high school education as the main training objects, and implemented higher education.

Secondary art school It refers to a full-time professional school that is approved by the Ministry of Culture or the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, incorporated into the national enrollment plan, organized entrance examinations according to state regulations, recruited primary or junior high school (or some senior high schools) graduates and those with equivalent academic qualifications, implemented secondary art education and trained secondary art talents.

Cultural cadre colleges Refers to colleges and universities where cultural cadres are trained and trained by leaders of cultural administrative departments at all levels.

Operating internet cultural unit Refers to the unit that issues the network culture business license by the cultural administrative department.

　

Radio and television

　

Total length of cable radio and television transmission trunk network It is used to transmit signals before or between various front ends and distribution points or optical nodes. Including: national trunk network, provincial trunk network, prefecture-level trunk network, county-level trunk network and leased trunk network.

Number of cable radio and television users Refers to the number of users who watch TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network, including the number of cable TV users who receive analog signals and digital signals.

Number of analog TV users Refers to the number of users who watch analog signal TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network.

Number of digital TV users Refers to the number of users who watch digital signal TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network.

Number of paid digital TV users Refers to the number of cable TV users who watch digital TV programs through radio and television cable transmission network and pay the viewing fee.

Number of public broadcasting programs Refers to the number of radio programs approved by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and run by radio and television broadcasters, which do not charge listeners for listening, and broadcast on a fixed frequency for the main purpose of providing public broadcasting services to the public, and have a complete set of self-run program schedules. This refers to the number of programs broadcast to the public for free, not only to public channels.

Time for broadcasting purchase and exchange programs throughout the year. Refers to the annual broadcast time of radio and television broadcasters through purchase, exchange and other transactions, including imported programs, which belongs to public broadcast time.

Microwave station The total number of starting stations, opening stations, relay stations and terminal stations of microwave lines.

Length of digital microwave transmission trunk line Refers to the length of microwave trunk line capable of transmitting digital signals.

Long-term employee Refers to employees whose employment period is more than one year (including one year).

Carry-over self-raised infrastructure Refers to the use of non-financial funds for infrastructure funds.

　

sports

　

Sports full-time coach Refers to coaches who specialize in sports training.

letterman Refers to the personnel who have been approved by the labor and personnel departments at all levels to join the team and specialize in sports training, including athletes in training and trial training.

First-line athletes Refers to the national team, national training team, Chinese youth team and outstanding sports teams in various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions.

Second-line athletes Refers to sports classes in sports schools. Third-line athletes: refers to all kinds of amateur sports schools for children.

　

health

　

health institution Refers to the units that have obtained the Practice License of Medical Institutions from the administrative department of health, or obtained the registration certificate of legal entity from the administrative departments of civil affairs, industry and commerce, and establishment management, and provided medical care, disease control, health supervision services or engaged in medical research and education for the society. Health institutions include hospitals, sanatoriums and community health service centers.(stand), hospitals, clinics, clinics(Health clinic, infirmary), emergency center(stand), blood collection and supply institutions, maternal and child health centers(Station, station)Specialized disease prevention and treatment center(Station, station)Center for Disease Control and Prevention(epidemic station), health supervision, health supervision and inspection(Monitoring and testing)Institutions, medical research institutions, medical on-the-job training institutions, health education institutes(stand)Other health institutions. This data does not include village clinics (separate statistics).

medical institution Refers to the institutions that have obtained the Practice License of Medical Institutions from the administrative department of health, including hospitals, sanatoriums and community health service centers.(stand), hospitals, clinics, clinics(Health clinic, infirmary), Maternal and Child Health Hospital(Station, station)Specialized disease prevention and treatment center(Station, station) , emergency center(stand)And clinical laboratory center. This information does not include village clinics.(Separate statistics).

Nonprofit medical institutions Refers to the medical institutions established and operated for the public interest, not for profit, and their income is used to make up for the cost of medical services.

For-profit medical institutions Refers to medical institutions whose income from medical services can be used to make up for investors’ economic returns. The government does not run for-profit medical institutions.

hospital Including general hospitals, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine hospitals, ethnic hospitals, various specialized hospitals and nursing homes, excluding specialized disease prevention hospitals, maternal and child health hospitals and nursing homes.

hospital of traditional Chinese medicine Refers to traditional Chinese medicine(comprehensive)Hospitals and specialized hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine, excluding hospitals of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and ethnic hospitals.

special hospital Including stomatological hospitals, ophthalmology hospitals, otolaryngology hospitals, tumor hospitals, cardiovascular hospitals, chest hospitals, hematological hospitals, and maternity hospitals.(branch of academic or vocational study)Hospitals, children’s hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, infectious diseases hospitals, dermatology hospitals, tuberculosis hospitals, leprosy hospitals, occupational diseases hospitals, orthopedic hospitals, rehabilitation hospitals, plastic surgery hospitals, beauty hospitals and other specialized hospitals, excluding traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, various specialized disease prevention hospitals and maternal and child health care hospitals.

community health service centers(stand) Refers to the grass-roots health institutions that provide prevention, medical treatment, health care, rehabilitation, health education and family planning technical services for residents in this community.

Union ban village clinic Refers to the village clinic by two or more rural doctors jointly run, rural doctors and health workers jointly run and practice.(assistant)Doctors and rural doctors or health workers jointly run.

Health personnel Refers to the workers working in health institutions such as medical treatment, preventive health care, medical scientific research and on-the-job education, including health technicians, other technicians, managers and workers. All statistics are based on the on-the-job employees who pay the wages at the end of the year, including recruiters, excluding temporary workers, retirees, those who leave the unit and still retain labor relations and those who are re-employed.

health workers Including practicing.(assistant)Doctors, registered nurses, pharmacy personnel, inspection and imaging personnel and other health professionals. Does not include health technical personnel engaged in management work.(Will be included in the management personnel.).

doctor Including chief physician, deputy chief physician, attending physician, resident physician and healer.

certified doctor Including chief physician, deputy chief physician, attending physician and resident physician.

Practitioner (assistant) physician Refers to the personnel who have the Medical Practitioner’s License and their "level" as "practicing (assistant) doctors" and are actually engaged in medical treatment, prevention and health care, excluding the practicing (assistant) doctors who are actually engaged in management. The categories of practicing (assistant) doctors are divided into four categories: clinical, traditional Chinese medicine, oral and public health.

registered nurse Refers to the personnel who have registered nurse certificate and are actually engaged in nursing work, excluding nurses engaged in management work.

Pharmacy personnel Including chief pharmacists, deputy chief pharmacists, competent pharmacists, pharmacists, pharmacists and pharmacists.

Inspector Including chief inspection technician, deputy chief inspection technician, chief inspection technician, inspection technician, inspection technician and inspector.

Other technicians Refers to those who graduated from high schools and other non-health majors such as chemistry and mathematics, and are now engaged in technical work such as health promotion, scientific research and teaching.

administrative staff Including the person in charge of the unit, mainly engaged in medical care, disease control, health supervision, medical research and teaching and other business management personnel, mainly engaged in party and government, personnel, finance, information, security and other administrative management personnel.

Health technical personnel per thousand population That is, the number of health technicians/PopulationX1000. Population is the registered population of the Ministry of Public Security.

country doctor Refers to the personnel who have obtained the certificate of "village doctor" from the local health administrative department in the village clinic.

health worker Refers to the personnel who have not obtained the certificate of "village doctor" in the village clinic.

Bed number Refers to the fixed bed at the end of the year.(Non-compiled bed), including regular beds, simple beds, monitoring beds, beds being disinfected and repaired, beds stopped due to expansion or overhaul, excluding obstetric newborn beds, delivery rooms, waiting beds, observation beds, temporary extra beds and accompanying beds for patients’ families.

Number of beds in hospitals and health centers per thousand population namely(Hospital bed+Hospital bed)/PopulationX1000. Population is the registered population of the Ministry of Public Security.

total expenditure on health Reflect the total amount of funds spent on medical and health care services in the whole country in that year, and calculate it by financing source method. It is divided into three parts: government budget health expenditure, social health expenditure and personal cash health expenditure.

Government budget health expenditure Refers to the financial budget allocated by governments at all levels for health care. Including: ① public health service funds(Including health service fees, Chinese medicine service fees, drug supervision and management fees, family planning service fees, budgetary capital construction funds, medical research funds, health administration fees, basic medical insurance subsidies and rural cooperative medical care government subsidies.); ② Medical expenses of administrative institutions.

Social health expenditure Refers to the government’s extra-budgetary investment in health care from all walks of life. Including social basic medical insurance premiums, other social insurance medical and health expenses, commercial health insurance premiums, non-health department administrative institutions office expenses, enterprise staff medical and health expenses, agriculturalVillage collective economic health expenditure, health extra-budgetary capital construction funds, initial investment of private medical treatment, extra-budgetary capital investment of public health institutions, etc.

Personal cash health expenditure Refers to urban and rural residents using their disposable economic income.,Cash when receiving various medical and health services,Including personal cash health expenditure of urban residents and personal cash health expenditure of rural residents.

Per capita medical expenses of outpatients Also known as medical expenses per visit. namely(Medical outpatient income+Drug outpatient income)/Total number of visits.

Per capita medical expenses of inpatients Also known as the per capita medical expenses of discharged patients. namely(Medical hospitalization income+Drug hospitalization income)/Number of discharged patients.

The average daily hospitalization medical expenses of discharged patients namely(Medical hospitalization income+Drug hospitalization income)/Number of days of total bed occupied by discharged patients.

Total number of visits Refers to the total number of people in all diagnosis and treatment work. Including outpatient and emergency visits of patients, visits, visits to family sickbeds, visits to hospitals, visits to staff in our hospital, individual health check-ups and health consultation and guidance, and individual health check-ups in some areas.

Number of hospital admissions per 100 emergency departments. That is, admission number/Outpatient and emergency visits x100.

Bed turnover times Refers to the ratio of "number of discharged patients" to "average number of open beds".

Average length of stay of discharged patients It refers to the ratio of "the number of days occupied by discharged patients" to "the number of discharged patients".

Doctors are responsible for the number of visits per day. That is, the number of patients/Average number of doctors/251.

The average physician is responsible for the hospital bed days every day. Refers to the actual occupation of total bed days./Average number of doctors/365.

Residents’ two-week attendance rate It refers to the ratio of the number of people who went to medical institutions for treatment due to illness or physical discomfort in the two weeks before the survey to the number of people surveyed.

Residents’ two-week absence rate It refers to the ratio of the number of people who were ill but didn’t see a doctor in the two weeks before the survey to the number of people who were sick in the two weeks.

Hospitalization rate of residents Refers to the ratio of the number of hospitalized residents due to illness to the number of people surveyed in the year before the survey.

Live birth number Refers to the number of live births during the year. Live birth refers to the pregnancy product that is completely discharged or taken out from the mother regardless of the length of pregnancy. After it is separated from the mother, whether the umbilical cord is cut off or whether the placenta is attached, as long as the pregnancy product has one of the four life signs of breathing, heartbeat, umbilical cord pulsation or obvious voluntary muscle movement, it is considered as a live birth.

neonatal mortality (rate) Refers to the postpartum within the year.28The ratio of the number of newborns who died within days to the number of live births. Generally expressed in parts per thousand.

fiveUnder-five mortality rate Refers to the year is not full.fiveRatio of deaths to live births of children aged. Generally expressed in ‰.

Maternal mortality rate Refers to every year10The death toll of 10,000 pregnant women. Maternal death refers to the period from the beginning of pregnancy to postpartum.forty-twoDeath within days, regardless of the time and place of pregnancy, includes death due to internal and surgical reasons, family planning operation, ectopic pregnancy and hydatidiform mole, but does not include death due to accidental reasons. According to the international general calculation method, the "total number of pregnant and lying-in women" is calculated by "number of live births".

High-risk maternal ratio Refers to the ratio of high-risk number to live births caused by various pathological factors and acute and chronic risk factors. General use%Express.

Maternal card establishment rate Refers to the health care card established by health care personnel during the year.(volume)Ratio of number of people to number of live births. General use%Express.

Systematic management rate of pregnant women Refers to pregnancy during the year to postpartum.28Received early pregnancy examination and prenatal examination within days ≥fiveSecond, the ratio of the number of parturients who received disinfection delivery and postpartum visit to the whole health care service to the number of local live births. General use%Express.

Prenatal check-up rate Refers to the ratio of the number of pregnant women who have received one or more prenatal examinations during the year to the number of live births. General use%Express.

Postpartum visit rate Refers to the ratio of the number of parturients who have received one or more postpartum visits during the year to the number of live births. General use%Express.

Hospital delivery rate Refers to the ratio of the number of births to the number of live births in township hospitals and medical and health institutions above the township level during the year. General use%Express.

New delivery rate Refers to the ratio of the sum of the number of births delivered by the new method of hospital delivery and non-hospital delivery to the number of live births during the year. General use%Express. The new method of delivery means that the delivery package, the hands of the midwife, the vulva of the parturient and the umbilical cord are disinfected and delivered by doctors, midwives and trained primary health personnel and midwives who have obtained the certificate of "family midwife".

the two week prevalence rate That is, the number of patients in the two weeks before the investigation.(Or number of cases)/number of people surveyedX1000.

Prevalence of chronic diseases There are two definitions: the prevalence rate of chronic diseases calculated by the number of people refers to the ratio of the number of patients with chronic diseases to the number of people surveyed in the first half of the survey; The prevalence rate of chronic diseases calculated by the number of cases refers to the number of cases of chronic diseases in the first half of the investigation.(Including one person who has been sick many times.)Compared with the number of people surveyed. "Chronic disease" refers to: ① chronic diseases (including chronic infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and chronic non-infectious diseases such as coronary heart disease and hypertension) confirmed by doctors within the first half of the investigation; ② He was diagnosed with a chronic disease by a doctor six months ago, and he had an attack during the first half of the investigation, and took treatment measures such as taking medicine and physical therapy. One of them is that they are suffering from "chronic diseases".

Statutory reporting incidence of infectious diseases Refers to every year in a certain area.10Number of legally reported infectious diseases of Class A and B in the population of 10,000. That is, the incidence of infectious diseases is legally reported=Number of legally reported infectious diseases of Class A and B/PopulationX100000.

Statutory reporting of infectious disease mortality Refers to every year in a certain area.10Number of legally reported infectious disease deaths of Class A and Class B in the population of 10,000. That is, legally reported infectious disease mortality.=Number of legally reported infectious disease deaths in Class A and Class B/PopulationX100000.

Mortality rate of legally reported infectious diseases Refers to the ratio between the number of deaths and the number of cases of legally reported infectious diseases in a certain area in a certain year. That is, legally reported mortality of infectious diseases.=Number of legally reported infectious disease deaths in Class A and Class B/Incidence numberX100%.

Standardized mortality rate That is, the age-standardized mortality rate refers to the mortality rate calculated according to the age structure of a standard population.

Qualified rate of food hygiene Refers to the qualified rate of food hygiene sampling inspection.,That is, the number of qualified food hygiene sampling monitoring pieces./Number of monitoring piecesX100%.

　

social work

　

Private non-enterprise Refers to enterprises, institutions, social organizations, other social forces and individual citizens who use non-state-owned assets to organize non-profit social service activities.

Number of regular pensions Refers to the number of families of revolutionary martyrs, families of soldiers who died in the line of duty or died at the end of the reporting period who met the pension conditions and were given regular pensions by the state.

Number of regular subsidies Refers to the sum of the demobilized soldiers who can’t participate in productive labor and have a particularly difficult life, the demobilized soldiers who have completely lost their ability to work and have a difficult life, the lost Red Army personnel, and other people who enjoy regular payment with pension expenses at the end of the reporting period.

Veterans of the Red Army in the countryside (separated Red Army personnel, marked army), etc. point to1937yearsevenmoonsixsunFormerly enlisted in the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants (including the marked army, the anti-Japanese Coalition forces and the full-time guerrillas led by the Communist Party of China (CPC)); There are discharge procedures or exact certificates; Those who have not defected to the enemy, and who have continued to maintain the revolutionary tradition after returning to the local area, and those who have been separated from the Red Army due to injury, illness, defeat in battle or organized mobilization, and have performed well after leaving the team, and have been recognized by the local people, reviewed by the township people’s government, and approved by the county and municipal people’s governments.

Demobilized soldiers in rural areas Refers to1954year11moononesunNon-commissioned officers and soldiers who volunteered to join the army before and were demobilized, or those who were conscripts but later changed to volunteers or cadres were treated as demobilized.

Number of scattered martyrs memorial buildings Refers to the total number of martyrs memorial buildings without martyrs memorial building management unit at the end of the reporting period. Including the number of monuments, towers, pavilions, shrines and martyrs’ cemeteries that praise revolutionary martyrs.

Adoption unit (social welfare unit providing accommodation) Refers to the general name of social welfare institutions that provide accommodation, rest homes for disabled revolutionary soldiers, sanatoriums for retired soldiers with chronic diseases, mental hospitals for retired soldiers, glorious hospitals, social welfare homes, children’s welfare homes, mental patients’ welfare homes, elderly adoption institutions (nursing homes, nursing homes, elderly apartments) and so on.

Social welfare enterprise Refers to the centralized placement of disabled people with certain working ability for the purpose of employment (disabled workers account for production personnel)10%Above), a general term for enterprises with social welfare nature. Social welfare enterprises are classified as: social welfare factories, artificial limb factories and other welfare enterprises.

Regular quantitative relief funds in cities and towns According to the regulations, the civil affairs department shall issue regular quantitative relief funds to the orphans, the old, the disabled, the young and the residents who have no fixed occupation, fixed income and living difficulties in cities and towns that have not yet implemented the minimum living security system.

Regular quantitative relief in rural areas By the civil affairs department to the rural income level is very low, life is really difficult, poor households living relief.

Streamline retired old workers point to1957Work before the end of the year, at1961Year’s arrival1965yearsixmoonninesunOld employees who were downsized during the period.

40%relieve Refers to the original standard salary given by the civil affairs department to the old, weak, sick and disabled among the streamlined retired old workers.40%Relief.

Streamline the assistance for retired workers Refers to the right or wrong40%The civil affairs department shall give relief to the streamlined retired workers who have difficulties in life for more than half a year.

Temporary relief in rural areas Refers to the life relief given by the state or the collective to those who have temporary difficulties in life for less than half a year during the reporting period.

Welfare lottery chest Refers to the extra-budgetary funds earmarked for the development of social welfare undertakings raised by issuing China welfare lottery tickets according to relevant state regulations. The income of social welfare fund includes: the net income after deducting the redemption and management fees from the total amount of welfare lottery tickets sold in China; Abandoned prize income without prize pool in lottery sales; Interest on bank deposits of social welfare funds.

household enjoying the five guarantees Refers to the person who cannot be legally obligated to support, or the person who is legally obligated to support, but the person who supports him is incapable of supporting; Incapable of working; The elderly, the disabled and the minors who have no source of livelihood.

“Sanwu"target Refers to the residents who can’t support (support, support) obligors, have no ability to work and have no source of income.

Number of charity supermarkets Refers to the number of social donation institutions that rely on regular social donation stations (points) to solve the living difficulties of urban poor residents, take targeted collection and distribution as the main form, learn from the management model of commercial supermarkets, and receive donated materials on demand for relief objects.

Urban elderly adoption welfare institutions Refers to the general name of social welfare institutions that provide accommodation, are not for profit, and mainly adopt the social "three noes" and the elderly whose families are unable to take care of them.

Rural elderly adoption welfare institutions (rural five-guarantee welfare institutions) Refers to the social welfare units that provide accommodation, are not for profit, and mainly adopt "five guarantees" and elderly people whose families are unable to take care of them in rural areas (townships and towns).

Community Service Center Refers to welfare institutions that do not provide multi-functional comprehensive services (more than two services) for the elderly, disabled people, families of martyrs and other community residents for profit. Basic conditions for being called a community service center: (oneThere is a certain place (the construction area is in100square meterAbove); (2) there are fixed management personnel; (three) The social welfare services provided must be more than two; (four) is an independent accounting unit.

Social welfare hospital Refers to the social welfare hospitals (including psychiatric welfare hospitals) that provide accommodation, are not for profit, and mainly treat the homeless, helpless, and have no source of income, as well as the civil objects such as subsistence allowances and special care recipients.

Other payments Expenditure for civil affairs refers to the expenditure for civil affairs arranged by the finance from the budget. Such as military supply station funds, medical assistance, and secondary specialized schools organized by civil affairs departments.

　

Disabled cause

　

Cataract surgery Refers to the number of cases of cataract surgery.

Intraocular lens implantation Refers to the number of cases of intraocular lens implantation in cataract surgery.

become literate Refers to the number of cases of blindness after cataract surgery.

Equipped with visual AIDS Refers to the number of tasks completed with visual AIDS for low vision in this year.

Hospital ophthalmology Refers to the number of newly opened low-vision clinics in hospitals at the municipal level (including county-level cities) this year.

Total number of newly recruited deaf children Refers to the sum of the number of deaf children newly trained in rehabilitation institutions and families this year.

Training parents of deaf children Refers to the number of parents of deaf children who held parent training classes this year (excluding parents of deaf children who are being trained by provincial centers and language training departments).

In-service teacher Refers to teachers who are directly engaged in rehabilitation training in rehabilitation institutions at all levels.

In-service medical skills Refers to the professional and technical personnel engaged in deafness diagnosis, hearing test, hearing aid selection, ear mold making, rehabilitation evaluation, psychological test and so on in rehabilitation institutions at all levels.

Rehabilitation and correction of leprosy deformity Refers to the number of cases in which leprosy patients received leprosy deformity correction surgery this year.

Set up a medical team Refers to the number of batches of provincial and municipal leprosy rehabilitation medical teams in this year.

Distribution of assistive devices (excluding artificial limbs) for leprosy disabled persons Refers to the total number of assistive devices distributed to leprosy disabled people in this year. Auxiliary appliances include protective shoes, insoles, goggles, crutches, wheelchairs, self-help appliances, orthoses, etc.

Rehabilitation training of leprosy deformity Refers to the number of leprosy disabled rehabilitation training tasks completed this year. Rehabilitation training includes self-care training and functional exercise.

Total cases of popular leg prosthesis assembly Refers to the number of popular leg prostheses assembled by the Disabled Persons’ Federation system this year.

Total cases of universal thigh prosthesis assembly Refers to the number of popular thigh prostheses assembled by the Disabled Persons’ Federation system this year.

Covering the total population Refers to the sum of the population covered by cities and counties that carry out intensive prevention and rehabilitation work. The population of prefecture-level cities refers to the population of the city, excluding the population of cities and counties under their jurisdiction; The population of county-level cities and counties refers to the population under the jurisdiction of the cities and counties.

Number of mental patients Refers to the total number of registered mental patients after a thorough investigation, rather than the figures calculated or estimated according to the incidence rate.

Number of patients under guardianship Refers to the total number of mental patients who receive socialized, open and comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation through monitoring groups, family sickbeds, industrial treatment stations, social employment and mental health institutions.

Number of significantly improved patients Refers to the number of mental patients whose condition is stable and their symptoms are relieved after taking effective treatment and rehabilitation measures.

Total number of people participating in society Refers to the number of mental patients who can take care of themselves and participate in housework, social production and social activities.

Accident rate Refers to the percentage of the number of people who violate the regulations on public security management and the total number of registered mental patients in the year.

Number of rehabilitation training for children with physical disabilities and cerebral palsy It refers to the number of tasks completed in rehabilitation training for physically disabled and cerebral palsy children in this year.

Effective number of rehabilitation for children with physical disabilities and cerebral palsy After systematic rehabilitation training, the training effect is the sum of significant effect and effective number.

Number of rehabilitation training for children with intellectual disabilities Refers to the sum of the tasks completed by mentally disabled children in institutions and families during this year.

Effective number of institutional and family rehabilitation for children with intellectual disabilities Respectively, after rehabilitation training in institutions and families, the training effect is the sum of great progress and the number of progress.

Number of municipal districts and counties (cities) carrying out rehabilitation services this year It refers to the number of tasks of municipal districts and counties (cities) that have carried out rehabilitation services for the disabled in this year to meet the requirements of the implementation measures of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Rehabilitation Training and Services.

Cumulative number of municipal districts and counties (cities) carrying out rehabilitation services Respectively refer to2001Since, the sum of the number of tasks of municipal districts and counties (cities) that have carried out rehabilitation services for the disabled to meet the implementation requirements of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Rehabilitation Training and Services.

Total rehabilitation training service institutions Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31On, the sum of the number of rehabilitation training service institutions for children with physical disabilities (including children with cerebral palsy) and intellectual disabilities at the provincial, city (prefecture), county (city, district) and county (city, district) levels.

Provincial, prefectural (city) and county (city, district) level disabled persons’ Federation system rehabilitation training service institutions. Refers to the end of this year.twelvemoon31Number of rehabilitation training service institutions for physically disabled (including children with cerebral palsy) and intellectually disabled children established by the Disabled Persons’ Federation system at the provincial, city (prefecture) and county (city, district) levels.

Rehabilitation training service institutions established outside the Disabled Persons’ Federation system at the provincial, prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels. Refers to the end of this year.twelvemoon31Number of rehabilitation training service institutions for physically disabled (including children with cerebral palsy) and mentally disabled children established by departments and social forces outside the Disabled Persons’ Federation system at the provincial, city (prefecture) and county (city, district) levels.

Total training this year Refers to the sum of the training times of managers and technicians carried out by provinces, cities and districts (counties) according to the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Rehabilitation Training and Services this year.

Distribute iodine supplement publicity materials Refers to the sum of promotional materials (posters, brochures, popular science books, etc.) issued by the China Disabled Persons’ Federation and the disabled persons’ federations of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and counties in this year.

Organize iodine supplementation publicity activities. Refers to all kinds of publicity activities, such as IDD prevention day, exhibition, consultation and knowledge lecture, jointly organized by the Disabled Persons’ Federation at all levels and the Disabled Persons’ Federation with health, civil affairs, family planning commission, salt industry, publicity and other relevant departments this year to eliminate IDD and prevent intellectual disability caused by iodine deficiency.

Number of people with special needs receiving publicity and education on iodine supplementation Refers to the number of people with special needs (newly married women of childbearing age and pregnant women) in a region who have received publicity and education on iodine supplementation. The total number of people with special needs for publicity and education can be1996Based on the estimated number of iodine supplements for people with special needs in.

Ordinary high schools for the blind and deaf It refers to the actual number of ordinary high schools for the blind and deaf respectively.

Number of people who have reached the admission scores of ordinary colleges and universities Refers to the actual number of disabled senior high school graduates who participated in this year’s college entrance examination and reached the admission score.

Reach the admission scores of ordinary colleges and universities. Refers to the actual number of disabled candidates who have not only reached the admission score of the college entrance examination but also been admitted by ordinary colleges and universities (excluding the number of students admitted to higher special education institutions).

Number of students enrolled in higher special education institutions Refers to the number of blind and deaf students admitted to higher special education colleges (schools) and majors (classes) this year.

Total educational and training institutions Refers to the number of academic education and non-academic training institutions specially organized by the society and the Disabled Persons’ Federation system for the disabled.

Total vocational training Refers to the vocational training of the society and the Disabled Persons’ Federation system except academic education, and the actual number of trainees in this year (including the number of trainees).

Total secondary vocational education institutions for the disabled Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31Day, including the actual number of secondary vocational education institutions with academic qualifications for the disabled in special education schools, society and disabled persons’ federations.

School-age disabled children and adolescents with vision, hearing, intelligence, physical and mental disabilities who are not enrolled in school. Refers to a person who suffers from only one type of disability. Use of criteria for defining disability categories1987yearfourThe disability category standard of the national sample survey of disabled people in June.

Multiple disabilities Refers to a person suffering from two or more categories of disabled people. Use of criteria for defining disability categories1987yearfourThe disability category standard of the national sample survey of disabled people in June.

We should help poor disabled children and adolescents who are not enrolled in school. Refers to disabled children and adolescents who live below the local poverty line and are not enrolled in school.

Cumulative employment situation of urban disabled people Refers to urban (non-agricultural registered permanent residence) centralized employment of disabled people, decentralized proportional employment (including disabled people who have been employed in various social units before the implementation of proportional employment) and individual employment, as of this year.twelvemoon31The cumulative number of people who have been placed in employment on a daily basis.

This year’s vocational skills training for disabled people Refers to the number of persons with disabilities who are employable but not employed, need to change their occupations and have been employed and need to improve their technical level. (including pre-employment training, pre-job training, job transfer training and on-the-job training, etc.)

Accumulated unemployment of urban disabled persons Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31The actual cumulative number of people with disabilities in cities and towns who have employment requirements and employment ability but have not arranged employment (men of employment age)16－forty-nineYears old; woman16－forty-fourYears old)

Cumulative employment in rural areas Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31Disabled people in rural areas (agricultural registered permanent residence) are engaged in all kinds of productive labor, including planting, aquaculture, cottage industry and the total number of disabled people in various types of enterprises, services, businesses and individual businesses.

Accumulated stable employment in rural areas Refers to the cumulative number of disabled people with a relatively fixed income and a relatively stable life in the "cumulative employment in rural areas".

Practical technical training this year Refers to the number of disabled employment service agencies, organizations and schools with the help of social forces in this year, and various agricultural technical trainings for rural disabled people such as "planting, raising and adding".

Cumulative unemployment of disabled people in rural areas Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31The cumulative number of disabled people in rural areas who hold the local official agricultural registered permanent residence and have participated in the labor demand but have not engaged in the occupation described in the "Cumulative Employment in Rural Areas" (the employment age is16Age and16Years old or older. It does not include disabled people who cannot support productive labor due to lack of working conditions and can only solve food and clothing through social relief).

Poor disabled people Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31Number of rural poor disabled people living below the local poverty line.

Can support poor disabled people Refers to the number of poor disabled people who are suitable to participate in productive labor.

Cities and towns have been included in the minimum living guarantee. Refers to the disabled with urban hukou, and the per capita income of family members is lower than the local minimum living standard for urban residents, which has been included in the minimum living guarantee.

Centralized support Refers to the number of disabled people in cities and towns who meet the conditions of five guarantees and are supported by social welfare institutions such as social welfare homes.

Temporary relief Refers to the number of disabled people who have urban hukou, have temporary difficulties due to unexpected accidents, affect their basic life, and enjoy funds and in-kind assistance donated by the government or society from time to time.

Rural areas have been included in the minimum living security. Refers to the number of persons with disabilities in agricultural registered permanent residence, whose per capita income of family members is lower than the local minimum living standard in rural areas and has been included in the minimum living guarantee.

Five guarantees Refers to the number of disabled people who are unable to legally support their obligations in rural areas, or who have legal support obligations but have no ability to support, have no ability to work and have no source of income, and receive life care and material help in food, clothing, housing, medical care and burial.

Temporary relief Refers to the number of disabled people who have agricultural registered permanent residence, have temporary difficulties due to unexpected accidents, affect their basic life, and enjoy funds and in-kind assistance donated by the government or society irregularly.

Regular subsidy Finger continuitysixNumber of persons with disabilities who enjoy temporary relief for more than one month and are given regular and quantitative financial subsidies by the government.

specific grant Refers to the number of disabled persons who have been subsidized by the Disabled Persons’ Federation by setting up special subsidies and other measures in addition to implementing various safeguard measures.

Provincial, city (prefecture) level audio books library (room) It refers to the actual number of audio-visual books libraries and rooms for the blind that have been opened or opened in introspection, city (prefecture) level public libraries (rooms) and disabled people’s activity facilities this year.

Provincial, city (prefecture) level sports venues It refers to the number of sports venues for the disabled determined by signing agreements or listing in public stadiums at the introspection and city (prefecture) levels this year.

Develop rehabilitation and fitness programs for the disabled. Refers to the number of rehabilitation and fitness programs suitable for disabled people developed by provincial disabled persons’ federations this year.

Provincial and municipal sports competitions for the disabled. Refers to the provincial (including cities specifically designated in the state plan) and city (prefecture) level sports commission, the Disabled Persons’ Federation and the Sports Association’s provincial and city (prefecture) level disabled games (tryouts) in this year.

NPC law enforcement inspection Refers to the number of times that people’s congresses at the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels inspected the implementation of the law on the protection of the disabled and its implementation methods and provisions on helping the disabled this year.

CPPCC inspection or special investigation Refers to the number of inspections or special investigations on the implementation of the law on the protection of the disabled and its implementation methods and the provisions on helping the disabled by the CPPCC at the provincial (autonomous region, municipality directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels this year.

Special inspection by the government and relevant administrative functional units Refers to the number of times that the provincial (autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city), county (city, district) governments and relevant administrative departments conducted special inspections on the implementation of the Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons and its implementation measures and provisions on assisting disabled persons this year.

Disabled legal aid (service) center Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31On, the cumulative number of legal aid centers for the disabled or branches (stations) of legal aid centers for the disabled, which are jointly organized by judicial administrative departments at the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) and county (city, district) levels and disabled persons’ federations at the same level or run by disabled persons’ federations and approved by judicial administrative departments at the same level.

Persons with disabilities receive legal aid and services. It refers to the number of people who provide legal aid and services to the disabled in this year, such as law firms designated or entrusted by the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), city (prefecture) and county (city, district) level Disabled Persons’ Federation, legal aid (service) centers (sub-centers) for the disabled or the work department (station) of the legal aid center.

Investigate and deal with major cases that infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled. Refers to the cases concluded or handled within this year with one of the following conditions, which are directly involved (including cooperation with relevant departments) by the provincial and municipal disabled persons’ federations and disabled persons’ federations established or entrusted by them:

1. According to the local economic development level, the amount of the subject matter of the case is relatively large;

Two, the local major media reported the case;

Three, at or above the provincial level, the main leaders at or above the prefecture level have given instructions for handling;

4. The rights and interests of group disabled persons are infringed.

Provincial rights protection hotline Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31sun, the province (autonomous region, municipality directly under the central government) Disabled Persons’ Federation in the organ rights department (office), the petition department, the legal aid (service) center for the disabled set up the hotline (number).

Laws and regulations on the construction of barrier-free facilities and government orders Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31The local laws and regulations promulgated and implemented by the provincial (autonomous region, municipality directly under the Central Government), prefecture (city) level people’s congress or the government on June, aimed at promoting the construction and management of barrier-free facilities in this region.

Carry out the construction of barrier-free facilities in cities, counties and districts Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31On, the cumulative number of cities, counties and districts that have been jointly determined by provincial disabled persons’ federations and construction departments at the same level to carry out barrier-free facilities construction according to the outline of the tenth five-year plan and the eleventh five-year plan for the disabled in China and its supporting implementation plan.

Group visit of motor vehicles point tofiveVisits by groups of more than one person on motor vehicle transportation and motor vehicle operation.

Number of disabled persons’ federations to be built Subject to local administrative divisions.

Projects that have been put into use Refers to the comprehensive service facilities that have been completed and accepted and carried out for the disabled. Among them, "new projects put into use this year" refers to the projects in this year.onemoononeDay to this yeartwelvemoon31New facilities put into use between Japan and Japan.

Accumulated projects that have been put into use Refers to the current year.twelvemoon31All facilities that have been put into use.

Construction land area Refers to the total area of land occupied by the planned comprehensive service facilities.

scale of construction Refers to the construction area of the built comprehensive service facilities.

total investment　 For "projects that have been put into use", it refers to the actual amount of funds invested at the time of completion and settlement; For "projects under construction" and "projects under preparation", it refers to the total estimated amount for the construction of comprehensive service facilities for the disabled.

　

Public management and social organization

　

The people’s procuratorate directly files a case for investigation. Refers to the crime of corruption and bribery, the crime of dereliction of duty and infringement, the crime of infringing citizens’ personal rights and democratic rights committed by the staff of state organs by taking advantage of their functions and powers, and other major criminal cases committed by the staff of state organs by taking advantage of their functions and powers after the provincial people’s procuratorate decides to put on record for investigation.

Accept a case Refers to the newly accepted cases this year.

register It refers to the litigation activities in which the people’s procuratorate considers that there is a duty crime after a preliminary investigation of the accepted case, and should be investigated for criminal responsibility, and decides to investigate it as a criminal case, which is the beginning of investigating the crime. This indicator mainly reflects the litigation activities of the people’s procuratorate to investigate the clues of duty crimes as criminal cases according to law.

wind up/close/conclude a case Refers to the end of the investigation procedure.

Major case Refers to cases of corruption and bribery involving more than 50,000 yuan, misappropriation of public funds involving more than 100,000 yuan, and cases identified in accordance with the Standards of People’s Procuratorate for Directly Accepting Serious Cases of Dereliction of Duty and Infringement (Trial). This index mainly reflects the cases with great economic losses and serious social harm among the duty crime cases investigated by the people’s procuratorate.

key criminal case Refers to crimes committed by cadres at or above the county level. This indicator mainly reflects the situation that cadres at or above the county level are placed on file for investigation by the people’s procuratorate according to law in duty crime cases.

approve an arrest It means that the people’s procuratorate examines the criminal suspects arrested by the public security, state security organs and prison management organs, and makes a decision to arrest according to the facts. This indicator mainly reflects the situation that the people’s procuratorate makes a decision to approve the arrest according to law after examining the criminal suspect who has been arrested.

Decide to arrest Refers to the arrest decision made by the people’s procuratorate in accordance with the law when it deems it necessary to arrest the criminal suspect in a case directly put on file for investigation. This indicator mainly reflects the people’s procuratorate’s exercise of the right to decide on arrest in cases directly accepted.

to prosecute Refers to the people’s procuratorate to the public security, state security organs, prison management organs and procuratorial organs investigation department to review the case, according to the facts, make a public prosecution case. This indicator mainly reflects the situation that people’s procuratorates have prosecuted various criminal cases in people’s courts.

criminal case Refers to cases investigated by public security organs, state security organs and prison management organs in accordance with the provisions of jurisdiction.

Apply summary procedure Refers to the people’s court may be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention, public surveillance, and a single fine. The facts are clear and the evidence is sufficient, and the people’s procuratorate suggests or agrees to apply summary procedures; Cases handled only after telling; A minor criminal case prosecuted by the victim with evidence.

first trial Refers to the first instance procedure of public prosecution cases.

review Refers to a case retried by the people’s court in accordance with the procedure of trial supervision.

Lodge a protest Refers to the litigation activities in which the people’s procuratorate considers that the judgment or ruling of the people’s court is really wrong and proposes to the people’s court to retry the case. Including protests in accordance with the procedure of second instance and protests in accordance with the procedure of trial supervision (retrial procedure).

Withdraw the protest Refers to the protest filed by the people’s procuratorate at a higher level against the people’s procuratorate at a lower level in accordance with the procedure of second instance. After examination, it is considered that the protest is inappropriate and the protest is withdrawn to the people’s court at the same level, and the people’s procuratorate at a lower level who lodged the protest is notified at the same time.

register Refers to the decision to file a case for review.

Draw a protest Refers to the case that the people’s procuratorate at the same level refers to the case that our hospital has the right to lodge a protest to the people’s procuratorate at a lower level, and the people’s procuratorate at a lower level considers that it should lodge a protest and suggests that the people’s procuratorate at a higher level lodge a protest.

protest Refers to the case protested by the people’s procuratorate at the corresponding level.

Withdraw the protest Refers to the case that the people’s procuratorate that made the protest decision found that the protest was improper, or withdrew the protest from the people’s court after receiving the decision of the people’s procuratorate at a higher level to cancel the protest.

Filing supervision Refers to the supervision of the people’s procuratorate on the criminal filing activities of the investigation organs. Including the supervision of filing a case without filing a case and the supervision of filing a case without filing a case.

Supervise the filing of cases It includes two contents: the investigation organ takes the initiative to file a case after receiving the request to explain the reasons for not filing a case and the execution notice to file a case.

Supervise the withdrawal of the case Refers to the supervision of the people’s procuratorate on the investigation organ’s filing of a case when it should not be filed.

Regulatory activities Refers to the supervision of the management activities of prisons and other places of supervision and reform.

“Holiday reduction insurance" Refers to the supervision of the people’s procuratorate on the illegal situation in the commutation, parole and medical parole of criminals.

accept and hear a case Refers to the situation in which the people’s procuratorate accepts the complaint. Including letters and visits.

File a case for review Refers to the people’s procuratorate after accepting the appeal, after examination and decision to file a case for review.

wind up/close/conclude a case Refers to the case with the result of filing a case for review.

First report Refers to the unit or individual who reports the suspected corruption and bribery crimes of state functionaries by letter or visit, and the suspected dereliction of duty and infringement crimes of state functionaries. Does not include the number of repeated reports.

First accusation Refers to the unit or individual since the letter, visit form to report national staff illegal or suspected of criminal offences. Does not include the number of repeated charges.

First appeal Complaints in the form of letters and visits that refuse to accept the decision of the people’s procuratorate or the judgment or ruling of the people’s court. Does not include repeated complaints.

Send it to the procuratorate Refers to the people’s procuratorate to accept the report, complaint and appeal cases, after examination, according to different situations, or directly handled by the complaint department, or transferred to the relevant business departments of our hospital, or transferred to other people’s procuratorates.

Jinguo Wenminggang Refers to the creation of "Women’s Civilization Post", which is to meet the needs of the socialist market economy and serve the overall situation of national reform, development and stability, and is organized by the All-China Women’s Federation.24Several ministries and commissions initiated and launched a mass spiritual civilization creation activity aimed at encouraging women to strive for excellence, make contributions to their posts and become talents.

Wuhao civilized family It refers to "patriotism and law-abiding, enthusiasm for public welfare", "learning and enterprising, loving their posts and being dedicated to their work", "equality between men and women, respecting the old and loving the young", "changing customs, having fewer children and being good", "managing the family diligently and protecting the environment", and the selection conditions are the best among the best.

Number of parent schools of various types In order to further promote the healthy development of family education, spread the advanced concepts of family education, and help parents master the scientific knowledge and teaching methods of family education, according to the requirements of parents of children of different ages and parents of children with special needs, the number of various types of parent schools and the number of broadcast parent schools run on radio and television. These schools have played a very good role in improving the quality of parents and the level of family education. The school is required to have institutions, fixed venues and teachers, teaching materials, assessment, annual work plans and complete files.

Chunlei primary school Refers to schools built or rebuilt with donations from China Children’s and Teenagers’ Fund, including schools built with donations from women’s federations at all levels.

Mother water cellar Refers to the water cellar built by the China Women’s Development Foundation to help mothers and children in the arid areas of western China solve the drinking water problem and raise funds from all walks of life.

Mother health express It refers to the medical ambulance undertaken by the China Women’s Development Foundation and donated by all sectors of society to help women and children in poverty-stricken areas in the west solve the problem of medical treatment.

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed "cultivating new growth points and forming new kinetic energy in the fields of high-end consumption, innovation leading, green and low-carbon, sharing economy, modern supply chain and human capital services". This is the first time that the CPC Central Committee put forward the concept of modern supply chain, which indicates that the development of "modern supply chain" has officially risen to a national strategy. At present, China’s economy has changed from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, and it is in the key period of changing the development mode, optimizing the economic structure and transforming the growth momentum. In order to achieve high-quality economic development and build a modern economic system, it is urgent to develop a modern supply chain, play an important role in boosting supply-side structural reform, promoting optimal allocation of resources and improving economic quality and efficiency, foster new growth points and new kinetic energy, and promote quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic development.

Characteristics and development trend of modern supply chain

Modern supply chain is a concept corresponding to the traditional supply chain. It refers to an organizational form that takes customer demand as the guide, takes data as the core element, and uses modern information technology and modern organizational methods to efficiently integrate, optimize and coordinate upstream and downstream enterprises and related resources, so as to realize efficient coordination in the whole process of product design, procurement, production, sales and service. Compared with the traditional supply chain, the modern supply chain has the characteristics and trends of digitalization, intelligence, platformization, service, greening and globalization.

(A) Digitalization and intelligence have become the remarkable features of modern supply chain.

The rapid development and application of modern information technology has promoted the development of supply chain to a new stage of smart supply chain which is deeply integrated with Internet and Internet of Things. Digitalization, networking and intelligence have become the remarkable features of modern supply chain. Digital empowerment endows the supply chain with new intelligent features of big data support, networked sharing and intelligent collaboration, which greatly improves the efficiency of supply chain collaboration and significantly reduces the cost of supply chain. According to the data, an effective digital supply chain as a whole can promote the income growth of enterprises by 10%, the procurement cost by 20% and the supply chain cost by 50%.

(B) Internet platform has become a new form of modern supply chain development.

With the deepening application of modern information technologies such as big data, Internet of Things, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, blockchain, etc. in the supply chain, the organizational form of modern supply chain has gradually extended from multinational corporations to platform-based organizations, and platformization has gradually become an important feature of modern supply chain development. The cross-industry, cross-regional and cross-border industrial supply chain platform with platform-based enterprises as the core realizes resource integration and complementary advantages by cooperating with different countries, different regions, different industries and different enterprises, and builds a close cooperative global supply chain network, realizing integrated supply chain operation, and radiating and driving more and more upstream and downstream enterprises to develop in the direction of scale, clustering and specialization. At the same time, the upstream and downstream related enterprises at different levels form a supply chain ecosystem with cross-border integration, platform sharing and common prosperity under the integration of supply chain platforms, and promote the evolution of platform-based organizations to ecological organizations.

(C) Supply chain service has become a new service industry.

The reform of modern information technology and the deepening and refinement of industrial division of labor have promoted the separation of upstream R&D, raw material procurement, design and downstream brand management, sales, logistics and other service links, promoted the rapid development of supply chain service outsourcing, and promoted the innovation of supply chain service format to become an important trend of modern supply chain development. At present, the number of enterprises providing specialized supply chain services in China is booming and the types are constantly enriched, and a number of integrated supply chain service platforms represented by Yi Yatong and Yi Datong have been formed.

(D) Green supply chain management has become the social responsibility of enterprises.

With global warming, environmental pollution and other major ecological and environmental problems becoming increasingly prominent, green and sustainable development has become a global topic. Under the concept of sustainable development, cross-country cross-regional cross-domain supply chains are gradually required to be sustainable and responsible for society and ecology. In 2015, the "green supply chain" entered the APEC issue and became one of the most concerned topics in the world. At present, many multinational companies regard "green supply chain" management as an important task of social responsibility, and incorporate sustainable development and environmental protection into supply chain management. For example, since 2011, Huawei has included the environmental search of the non-governmental organization Public Environmental Research Center (IPE) in the supplier audit list and self-inspection form, requiring suppliers with problems to rectify within a time limit and strive to build a green supply chain. In 2017, Huawei ranked sixth in the IPE green supply chain CITI index, and domestic enterprises ranked first.

(E) The global economy has entered the era of supply chain coordination.

With the development of economic globalization and the escalation of regional economic and trade agreements, supply chain management has also developed from cooperation among domestic enterprises to cooperation among regional or global enterprises. Especially with the development of Internet technology, the mode of division of labor in the world has changed from industrial division based on comparative advantage to supply chain division based on factor advantage, and multinational enterprises participating in global division of labor have formed a reciprocal interdependence. In recent years, influenced by the rise of trade protectionism and other factors, although the process of economic globalization has slowed down, the global value chain and supply chain division system have been formed, and the trend is irreversible. In the global supply chain coordination system, the trade and investment among countries in the world are increasingly interrelated and influenced each other. You have me and I have you, and the interests are blended and mutually beneficial.

The important role of modern supply chain in supply-side structural reform

Promoting supply-side structural reform is a major strategic deployment made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core to profoundly grasp the new global economic pattern and the general trend of China’s economic development. It is an innovative measure to solve the problems of imbalance between supply and demand and overcapacity in economic development and lead China’s high-quality economic development. As a bridge and link between the supply side and the demand side, modern supply chain is an important starting point for promoting the structural reform of the supply side in a market-oriented way. The development of modern supply chain is conducive to the use of advanced supply chain management technology and mode to replace the inefficient and extensive operation mode in the past, promote cost reduction and efficiency improvement, optimize supply structure, supply quality and supply efficiency, and promote high-quality economic development.

(A) is conducive to achieving the goal of cost reduction

For a long time, China’s logistics cost is high. In 2017, the ratio of total social logistics cost to GDP in China was 14.6%, which was 3.4 percentage points lower than that in 2012, but still 5-6 percentage points higher than that in developed countries such as the United States. At present, China is at the critical stage of the transition from high cost and high growth to low cost and medium-high growth. With the deepening of supply-side structural reform, "cost reduction" has entered the stage of tackling difficulties. To further reduce enterprise costs, there must be new ways and new ideas. Modern supply chain can effectively reduce enterprise operating costs and transaction costs by integrating all kinds of resources, optimizing internal and external business processes, and strengthening the whole process and whole chain collaborative management from R&D and design, manufacturing to after-sales service. By integrating and optimizing the supply chain, Haier promoted business process reengineering, which reduced the enterprise inventory by 33%, manufacturing cost by 10%, management cost by 6% and timely delivery rate by 35%.

(B) conducive to improving the quality and efficiency of supply.

Judging from the stage of economic development, since China’s industrialization process has entered the middle and late stage of industrialization, the gap between the general technical level and advanced countries has been greatly narrowed. In this case, to improve the supply structure and create new supply, the most important thing is to improve the supply efficiency. The key to improving efficiency lies in promoting the optimal allocation and integrated innovation of factor resources by market-oriented means. With the help of information technologies such as Internet, cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence, modern supply chain promotes enterprises to make timely and accurate market reactions, make rational decisions, arrange production in an orderly manner, and get through all links from front-end design, production to circulation and final consumption, greatly improving production efficiency and circulation efficiency, and promoting accurate matching between supply and demand and industrial transformation and upgrading. According to McKinsey’s research report, China’s labor productivity can be increased by 15%-30% by promoting operational transformation through supply chain and other means. ZARA, an internationally renowned chain retail brand, can grasp the sales situation and inventory changes of every store in the world at any time through an efficient supply chain system, and respond quickly to the market consumption trend, and complete the planning and design of new clothes to the factory within one week.

(C) conducive to the cultivation of new economic kinetic energy

At present, China’s economy has changed from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, and it is in the key period of changing the development mode, optimizing the economic structure and transforming the growth momentum. Affected by the increasingly complex and changeable international economic situation, China’s economy is facing shrinking exports, overcapacity in traditional industries and bottlenecks in the development of traditional kinetic energy. It is urgent to deepen structural reform on the supply side and cultivate new kinetic energy. Modern supply chain, through resource integration and optimal allocation, is conducive to promoting the development of new formats and new models and promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and is a new driving force and engine for economic development. On the one hand, in the process of integrated development of manufacturing industry and service industry, by promoting cross-border integration, optimization and innovation of supply chain, new services and business models can be generated, specialized supply chain services can be formed, and new economic growth points can be cultivated. On the other hand, cultivating new kinetic energy of economic development should not only focus on the development of new formats, new industries and new models, but also attach importance to the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. In the process of upgrading traditional industries, by transforming the traditional supply chain and realizing the digitalization, networking and intelligent development of the supply chain, it can promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and form new kinetic energy for economic development.

(4) It is conducive to filling the shortcomings of industrial development.

In the international division of labor system, China has long been "locked" in the low-end link of the global value chain led by multinational companies in developed countries. In recent years, under the influence of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and the implementation of the "re-industrialization" strategy in Europe and America, the international economic and trade pattern has undergone fundamental changes, and international industrial transfer has formed a trend of "high-end links returning to developed countries" and "low-end links transferring to lower-cost areas such as Southeast Asia, South Asia and Africa", which has promoted the accelerated reconstruction of global value chains led by multinational companies from developed countries. As a result, the expansion space for China to continue to participate in the global value chain by taking advantage of traditional advantages is getting smaller and smaller, and the original model of global value chain development dominated by developed countries is unsustainable. It is urgent to explore new development models and promote the industry to extend to the middle and high end of the global value chain. By organically integrating all links in the global value chain, modern supply chain ensures the seamless connection of logistics and finance related to industries, promotes the coordinated development of upstream and downstream manufacturing industries, and gradually improves the front-end design, R&D, procurement and back-end brand, logistics, marketing, finance and other service capabilities, which is beneficial for Chinese enterprises to get rid of their dependence on multinational companies in developed countries, promote the manufacturing industry to move towards the middle and high end, and build a world-class advanced manufacturing cluster.

Developing modern supply chain to help supply-side structural reform

To give full play to the role of modern supply chain in promoting supply-side structural reform, we should take market demand as the guide and modern information technology as the support, accelerate the in-depth application of modern supply chain in various industries and fields, build and optimize the supply chain systems of key cities, industries and enterprises, cultivate new formats and models for supply chain development, promote the digital, platform-based, service-oriented and green development of supply chain, form new economic growth points and new kinetic energy, and promote the innovative development, transformation and upgrading of the real economy.

(1) Cultivate a digital and professional supply chain platform to create new kinetic energy for economic development.

Digital and professional supply chain platform is the core force to promote the development of modern supply chain. It is necessary to conform to the development trend of digital economy, accelerate the application of information technologies such as Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data and blockchain in supply chain management, encourage powerful enterprises to build a digital and professional supply chain platform, build a smart supply chain system with big data support, networked sharing and intelligent collaboration, realize the whole system, full life cycle and all-round linkage with software and hardware manufacturing resources of upstream and downstream enterprises, improve the informatization, networking and intelligence level of upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain, and improve the rapid response speed.

Digital and specialized supply chain platforms should focus on cultivating three categories:

The first is to cultivate a comprehensive service platform for the supply chain. Encourage third-party logistics enterprises and foreign trade enterprises to transform into supply chain service enterprises, build a comprehensive supply chain service platform, integrate high-quality resources from different regions, industries and enterprises, comprehensively cover the upstream procurement network, the midstream warehousing circulation network and the downstream sales service network of the industrial chain, and provide supply chain integration services integrating transactions, financing, settlement, logistics distribution, import and export agents, brand cultivation and marketing promotion, so as to realize resource integration, complementary advantages and coordinated sharing between the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain.

The second is to cultivate a collaborative supply chain platform for production and marketing. Guided by the demand side, enterprises are encouraged to explore and develop a collaborative supply chain platform for production and marketing, build a large-scale customized supply chain and an intelligent manufacturing supply chain, drive the supply, procurement, stocking and distribution system with accurate demand forecasting, strengthen the synergy of supply chains, improve the response speed and synergy level of raw material procurement, production, logistics and distribution, and promote the integrated development of production and marketing.

The third is to cultivate a supply chain financial service platform. Encourage supply chain service enterprises and related logistics enterprises to cooperate with banks and e-commerce platforms, build digital, intelligent and visual financial services based on the risk control and credit system formed by data sharing of all parties involved, provide online credit, factoring, guarantee, settlement, wealth management and other comprehensive financial services for small and medium-sized enterprises in the upstream and downstream of the supply chain, reduce supply chain financing costs and improve the efficiency of supply chain financial services.

(B) Promote the innovation and application of industrial cluster supply chain, and improve the industrial supply chain system.

Since the reform and opening up, China has set up a number of industrial parks, such as economic and technological development zones, high-tech industrial parks and customs bonded zones, which have effectively promoted the development of industrial agglomeration in China, and formed a number of influential industrial clusters at home and abroad in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Bohai Rim. However, in recent years, with the rising factor cost and the implementation of "internet plus Strategy", the problems faced by traditional industrial clusters in China, such as squeezed development space, imperfect industrial chain and weak competitiveness of clusters, have become increasingly prominent. It is urgent to strengthen the innovation and application of supply chain in industrial clusters, effectively improve industrial synergy and promote industrial transformation and upgrading. Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to build various supply chain collaborative platforms around the common needs of enterprises in industrial clusters in product design, material procurement, manufacturing, inspection and testing, logistics and marketing, and improve the industrial supply chain system through collaborative design, collaborative procurement, collaborative manufacturing, collaborative logistics and financial services, so as to promote the mutual complement and common development of online platforms and offline industrial clusters. On the other hand, it is necessary to give full play to the supply chain resource integration and service capabilities of leading enterprises in different industrial clusters, and design, plan, control and optimize the logistics, business flow, information flow and capital flow in the supply chain, so as to promote the coordinated development of upstream and downstream enterprises and rapidly improve the innovation and application level of the supply chain.

(C) Promote enterprises to implement green supply chain management and promote industrial green transformation and upgrading.

Promoting enterprises to implement green supply chain management and build a green supply chain system is the core meaning of practicing the concept of green development and deepening the structural reform of supply side. At present, the development of China’s green supply chain is still in the initial exploration stage. Compared with developed countries, the awareness of green management of Chinese enterprises is relatively weak, and the environmental pollution caused by various logistics activities in the supply chain is still serious. Take the packaging recovery rate as an example, there is a big gap between China and developed countries. The data shows that in 2017, the actual recovery rate of cardboard and plastics in China’s express delivery industry was less than 10%, and the overall recovery rate of packaging was less than 20%. Most of these packages were directly sent to landfill sites, which brought great pressure to the urban environment. In some developed countries, the recycling rate of cardboard packaging is about 45%, while the recycling rate of plastic packaging is about 25%.

Therefore, we should take industry and enterprises as the core, speed up the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly procurement, production, marketing, recycling and logistics system, formulate strict green product standards, explore the establishment of a unified green product standard, certification and labeling system, and realize the green development of the supply chain. On the one hand, we should take enterprises as the core, implement green supply chain management, encourage enterprises to give priority to purchasing and using energy-saving and water-saving equipment, promote clean production and green manufacturing, produce green energy-saving and environmental protection products, expand the supply of green products and improve the quality of green products. On the other hand, it is necessary to build a green supply chain with key industries as the core and promote industrial transformation and upgrading. In agriculture, we should use green technology to protect and improve the agricultural ecological chain, establish and expand the green supply chain of agricultural products, vigorously develop agricultural circular economy, promote the organic and pollution-free development of agriculture, and realize the sustainable growth of agricultural economy. In the manufacturing industry, we will promote green supply chain management in industries such as electronic appliances, automobiles, steel and textiles, and promote the formation of an industrial supply chain with high technology content, low resource consumption and less environmental pollution through green transformation of product design, raw material selection, manufacturing process, logistics, recycling and final disposal, and promote the green transformation and upgrading of the industry. In the service industry, we should focus on the circulation link closely related to production and consumption, adopt modern information technology and management methods to transform the traditional circulation mode, continue to implement demonstration projects such as green procurement, green marketing and green shopping malls, encourage express delivery enterprises to develop recyclable packaging materials, and promote"Green Circulation Revolution" guides consumers to consume green.

(D) Promote the integration of advantageous industries into the global supply chain and help "de-capacity" and "fill shortcomings"

Seize the opportunity of the "Belt and Road" construction and international capacity cooperation, actively promote enterprises to deeply participate in global industrial chain and value chain competition, cooperation and division of labor, deeply integrate the global supply chain system, promote the "going out" of domestic excess capacity, actively build a global supply chain led by China enterprises, and enhance the position of China industry in the global value chain. First, combined with the actual situation of industrialization stage and industrial development in countries and regions along the Belt and Road, we will accelerate labor-intensive industries such as clothing, shoes and hats and capital-intensive industries with overcapacity such as steel, coal and cement to help "de-capacity". The second is to promote the transfer of advantageous technology-intensive industries such as electronic information and equipment manufacturing to countries along the route. By promoting the in-depth cooperation of the upstream, middle and downstream industrial chains, the "Belt and Road" industrial cooperation will be extended from the processing and manufacturing links to the high-end links in the global value chain such as cooperative research and development, joint design, marketing and brand cultivation, so as to build a global supply chain system with China’s initiative, complementary advantages and mutual benefit. The third is to promote the construction of border economic cooperation zones, cross-border economic cooperation zones and overseas economic and trade cooperation zones along the "Belt and Road", encourage enterprises to set up overseas distribution and service networks, logistics distribution centers, overseas warehouses, etc., establish a supply chain system based on the local market, improve the ability of global supply chain coordination and resource allocation, and create a more globally competitive industrial cluster.

(Author: Institute of Circulation and Consumption, Institute of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, Ministry of Commerce)

When Lu Chenhui was 16, he was only a security guard.

He stands in his post every day, watching people come and go, but what he thinks in his heart is: "I am standing here as a security guard now, but I can’t be a security guard all my life. I will go to the gym after work, because that is my future."

From the age of 14, Lu Chenhui fell in love with fitness. He firmly believes that he will become a bodybuilder. Therefore, when he was a security guard, no matter how tired he was when he stood guard at work, he would go to the gym for strength training as soon as he got off work.

While working and exercising, Lu Chenhui persisted for six years. In a bodybuilding competition in Jiangsu Province in 2008, Lu Chenhui won the first championship in his life. Since then, he has become a minor celebrity in the bodybuilding circle, and often shares training methods in post bars and forums, accumulating the first batch of fans.

Under the long-term bodybuilding training, Lu Chenhui’s body has become shoulder-wide, waist-thin and muscular, and it is difficult to find clothes that fit in the market-which is also a common pain point for fitness people.

Lu Chenhui, founder of BODYDREAM

Therefore, Lu Chenhui founded the sportswear brand BODYDREAM in 2015 to meet the needs of the fitness crowd, and integrated his aesthetic concept of the trend into the brand. "The meaning of BODYDREAM is to pursue the dream of the body. On the one hand, it represents the sport of fitness. On the other hand, it also means that everyone can persist in action on the road of pursuing their dreams by controlling their own bodies." Lu Chenhui said.

Starting: from "wage earners" to entrepreneurs

When Lu Chenhui was still working, he invested most of his income in bodybuilding.

Because bodybuilding is a competitive sport that needs a lot of money, besides a lot of training, athletes have to supplement high-quality protein every day to increase their muscles, as well as buying equipment, hiring coaches, playing games and other large expenses. Lu Chenhui bluntly said: "Others think that bodybuilding is a profitable thing, but it is actually a hobby that needs money to support."

In order to earn more money to improve bodybuilding performance, Lu Chenhui began to try to start a business in 2013. He opened a Taobao shop, specializing in fitness supplements and fitness equipment, and double 11 sold 1000 yuan that day, which was a lot for him at that time. Later, according to the different needs of fitness crowd, he founded three sportswear brands: BODYDREAM, BDPOWERUP and Lujiamen.

At the same time, Lu Chenhui’s bodybuilding road has gradually reached its peak. In order to win the championship in more heavyweight competitions, Lu Chenhui once spent 600,000 yuan to invite foreign star coach Milos.During these two months of "devil training", Lu Chenhui will do seven groups of movements at a time, without any rest, and train for more than 8 hours every day. Although he will burst into tears because of extreme fatigue, he will persist with willpower.In 2018, Lu Chenhui won the overall championship of golden league Men’s Bodybuilding Professional Indifference Group, and he was also the only China player in this group.

Lu Chenhui’s training photo

That year, Lu Chenhui was only 30 years old and finally realized his dream. On this road of persisting in love, he changed from a "small security guard" to "China’s first muscular beast" and from a "wage earner" to a successful entrepreneur.

At present, there are three brands under Lu Chenhui’s name, namely BODYDREAM, BDPOWERUP and Lujiamen. Among them, BODYDREAM is the most well-known brand, with annual revenue exceeding 100 million yuan.

In the early days of BODYDREAM’s business, Lu Chenhui only had a starting capital of 5,000 yuan, and the team only had himself and his wife. In the living room at home, they established the brand of BODYDREAM.

Because of limited funds, they can only find small-scale factories to customize clothes. Lu Chenhui recalled: "We took a bus and went to a garment factory in the suburbs of Xuzhou. The garment factory was also an entrepreneur, so it also supported customers like us. They helped us make nearly 200 T-shirts, and they were also very careful in material selection and production. "

After Lu Chenhui got the first batch of clothes, he and his wife worked as Taobao customer service at home and packed and delivered them themselves. At first, Taobao shop didn’t have much sales, and it sold one or two pieces a day. However, with the continuous promotion of Lu Chenhui on his social media, he gradually accumulated the earliest users, that is, paying attention to his fans and fitness enthusiasts.

BODYDREAM, which started with Lu Chenhui’s personal IP, has encountered great limitations in brand development-mainly spread in the fitness circle.

At this time, a young man in the team put forward the idea of brand transformation: "Maybe it can make BODYDREAM develop in the direction of leisure sports."

He is Li Ang, the current operation director of BODYDREAM. In 2017, Li Ang joined the BODYDREAM team. As a young man who just graduated, Lu Chenhui saw many possibilities from him. "Now young people are very advanced in thinking. Although they don’t have much work experience, they can inject fresh blood into the brand and break the inherent thoughts and limitations." Lu Chenhui said.

Growth: annual revenue exceeds 100 million yuan.

Because of the fresh blood in the team, BODYDREAM began to break through its original position and gradually transformed from fitness clothing to sports and leisure clothing.

Since 2016, Lu Chenhui has started to operate his personal IP and brand image separately. Since then, BODYDREAM has no longer interacted frequently with Lu Chenhui’s personal IP, but chose to cooperate with KOL to create some co-branded models and expand the brand’s popularity to the general public. Not only that, BODYDREAM is also worn by many stars.

The brand positioning of BODYDREAM now is a simple and pragmatic sports and leisure brand, and simplicity and practicality is the main direction of BODYDREAM product development.; The target users of BODYDREAM have gradually expanded from the early fitness crowd to young people who love fashion culture, and the proportion of female users has also increased from 4% to about 30%.

"Nowadays, many people are tired of printing on clothes, and prefer simple and practical basic models. However, the basic models often lack a sense of design, so we want to add design elements such as patterns, fabrics and crafts to the simple style to make the clothes’ simple but not simple’, "Lu Chenhui said. This style is more attractive to young people who pursue low-key and exquisite details.

At present, BODYDREAM’s clothing is divided into four series: one is the classic series focusing on leisure; The second is the sports series; The third is the B+ series, focusing on mid-to high-end products; The fourth is the special planning series, focusing on IP joint-name products.BODYDREAM’s clothing spans 7 yards, covering the body shapes from 90 kg to 300 kg, and the design of shoulder drop in some products has a decorative effect on many body shapes.Lu Chenhui said: "This design can well modify the lines of shoulders, so that people with strong bodies are not fat, and thin people are more tall and straight."

When the sales of clothes continued to rise, Lu Chenhui expanded the supply chain of BODYDREAM to Guangzhou, Wuxi and other places, and built a factory in Xuzhou in 2018, with an annual production capacity of 300,000 pieces. "At present, our factory is fully automatic equipment, and we also control it very strictly in product quality control. For example, if the national standard requires testing whether a garment is pilling, it is necessary to test 600 revolutions with a professional machine, and we ourselves require testing 2000 revolutions internally." Lu Chenhui said.

The sales channel of BODYDREAM has also expanded from the initial Tmall store to JD.COM, Dewu, Tik Tok, Vipshop and other e-commerce platforms. At present, the best-selling platform is Tmall, which can sell about 500,000 pieces every year. Last year, the total revenue of BODYDREAM exceeded 100 million yuan.

At the end of the interview, Lu Chenhui shared that fans once asked him how he could stick to his goals.

He said: "Everyone has a vision of what he wants to be, but it can’t be achieved by fantasy. You need to take action.Although we work hard every day, don’t let that thing in your heart disappear. Even if you spend an hour every day, take action and plan for your future.Maybe after five years, you won’t have to go to work or get off work, but you can pursue what you really want to do. At that time, you already have this ability. "

This article is original for the entrepreneurial state and may not be reproduced without authorization, otherwise the entrepreneurial state will reserve the right to pursue legal responsibility against it. If you need to reprint or have any questions, please contact editor@cyzone.cn.

Kimi Weibo was vomited by netizens

　 　 1905 movie network news There was a major explosion in the coastal area of Tianjin last night, and many stars prayed in Weibo. At noon today, actor Kimi also sent Weibo to pray for Tianjin, calling for help to find out the families of firefighters to tide over the difficulties. However, he used words such as "human flesh" and "self-destruction", and his language was confusing, which was madly vomited by netizens.

　 　 The original text of Weibo, Kimi is as follows:

　 　 It’s not that moths still throw themselves into the fire, only for Tianjin, developed networks, omnipotent meager, please invite people to kill those heroes, remember their appearance, help their families, and share the current difficulties. Because everything will be fine.

　 　 In this regard, netizens did not buy it, and they vomited their "no culture" and "low emotional intelligence" and asked him "Can heroes be eaten by human flesh?" . In the face of netizens’ spit, Kimi then deleted the Weibo.

　　　　The price of gold is soaring, and the variety of gold investment is increasing-

　　　　Recently, the international gold price has been leaping forward, approaching the historical high point in 1980. With the increase of gold investment varieties, investors are easy to "picky" while choosing a wider range. The reporter specially interviewed some representative "gold speculators" and analyzed the investment through examples.

　　　　Gold speculation attitude

　　　　Xiaojintiao tastes great sweetness.

　　　　● Respondent: Mr. Sun.

　　　　-Gold speculation record: the value of gold bars in the Year of the Sheep doubled.

　　　　The gold speculation in Beijing began at the end of 2002 when Caibai Company sold the "Year of the Sheep and New Year’s Gold Bars". At that time, gold bars returned to the retail market in Beijing, igniting the enthusiasm of the people to hide gold. So some consumers have become enthusiastic followers of "New Year’s gold bars".

　　　　Since 2002, Mr. Sun has purchased a set of gold bars for Lunar New Year. "I didn’t think much when I bought it at that time, because someone in the family was a sheep, I wanted to keep a set as a souvenir. However, with more and more people talking about gold products around me, I realized that gold was a good investment tool. Because Caibai Company provides a repurchase channel, it is more convenient to cash in the shopping mall in case of urgent need of cash. Therefore, I will collect one set every year in the future. Today, the gold bars bought at 92 yuan per gram have been worth about one gram of 200 yuan, which has doubled, and those bought in other years have also appreciated. "

　　　　● Respondent: Mr. Li

　　　　-Gold speculation record: three-month return rate of 18.8%

　　　　Now, it is also a welcome investment channel for individuals to invest in physical gold through banks. At present, the physical gold business in the banking system mainly includes "Gao Saier Gold Bar" represented by China Merchants Bank and Agricultural Bank, "Long Dingjin" represented by China Construction Bank, "Ruyi Gold" represented by Industrial and Commercial Bank and gold from other commercial banks. Some of these gold products belong to the bank’s agency business, and some belong to the bank’s own brand. At present, only "Gaosaier Gold Bar" can provide repurchase service.

　　　　Mr. Li saw that this year’s fund market has passed the good day of "rising every day", while precious metals have been rising all the way, so he invested in Gaosaier gold bars. In mid-August this year, he subscribed for 2 ounces of Gao Saier gold bars at the Zhongguancun branch of the Agricultural Bank of China. At that time, the subscription price was 172 yuan per gram. At this price, he spent a total of 10664 yuan. Yesterday, Gao Saier’s quotation was 204.30 yuan/gram. In this way, his Gao Saier gold bar appreciated by about 2,000 yuan in just three months, and the return on investment was 18.8%.

　　　　Gold speculation to eliminate illiteracy

　　　　Different gold products have different investment channels.

　　　　● Gaosaier Gold Bar:

　　　　Variety, quality, measurement and pricing standards: the three specifications are 2 ounces, 5 ounces and 10 ounces, the gold content is greater than or equal to 99.99%, the unit of measurement is troy ounces (1 ounce = 31.1035 grams), and the unit of quotation is RMB/ounce.

　　　　Transaction cost: The processing and circulation fee of Gaosaier gold bars is RMB 109 per ounce (about 3.5 yuan/gram), and investors will be refunded 62 yuan/ounce (about 2 yuan/gram) at the time of repurchase, and the processing and circulation fee for one purchase and one sale is only 1.5 yuan/gram.

　　　　Trading process: anonymous purchase, investors only need to bring cash or bank card to the counter of China Merchants Bank, fill out the purchase order and pay the money, and then they can get the physical gold bars on the spot. When buying back, you should also go to the point of purchase at that time, and you can buy back directly with the purchase confirmation form and well-packaged gold bars. Trading takes the form of T+0.

　　　　Trading hours: (Monday to Friday) 10: 00-11: 30, 13: 30-14: 30.

　　　　Profitability: Gold price rises by 4-5 yuan can make a profit by repurchasing.

　　　　● Paper gold:

　　　　Go to China Bank and open a current all-in-one account with China Bank. Open telephone banking service at the counter. Open online banking on the Internet, and you can buy and sell "paper gold".

　　　　Transaction cost: about one gram of 0.7 yuan.

　　　　Trading time: 9: 00-17: 00 from Monday to Sunday if you are at the counter.

　　　　If you are on the Internet, you can trade from 8: 30 Monday to 2: 30 Saturday morning.

　　　　Profitability: If the price difference is more than one yuan every day, you can make a profit.

　　　　● Shopping malls buy gold investment products.

　　　　Gold investment products with major themes should generally be paid close attention to. If the shopping mall provides telephone reservation service, be sure to make a reservation in advance and then go to the counter to buy it.

　　　　Tips for speculating in gold

　　　　"Paper gold" also has investment value

　　　　"Paper gold" refers to the book-entry gold trading launched by banks, which also needs to be paid in full, and there is no physical delivery, so it can only be bullish. The trading records of "paper gold" investors are only reflected in the "gold passbook account" opened by individuals in advance, and there is no need to withdraw physical gold, thus eliminating the steps of transportation, storage, inspection and appraisal of gold, and the difference between the buying price and the selling price is smaller than the difference between the buying and selling prices of real gold.

　　　　The reporter learned that "paper gold" can be purchased at all outlets of China Bank and some outlets of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. For the "Huang Jinbao" business of Bank of China, a Mr. Liu expressed great interest. He told reporters that from the beginning of the year to now, his income from purchasing paper gold has exceeded 30%. Moreover, paper gold generally implements T+0, which means that it can be bought and sold on the same day, and it can be traded on the Internet even in the middle of the night, which is very convenient.

　　　　It is reported that ICBC and Industrial Bank have some different paper gold products.

　　　　Prospect of gold speculation

　　　　Individuals are expected to invest in gold futures.

　　　　Experts suggest that if you want to invest in gold, you must choose the right variety according to your own reality and pay attention to avoiding risks. Medium and long-term investors can choose paper gold and physical gold from banks, but don’t hoard a lot of gold ornaments, because gold ornaments are difficult to realize and easy to wear and depreciate; Short-term investors should pay attention to the possible fall after the gold price rises, and pay attention to the influencing factors such as oil price trend, dollar rise and fall, political situation and so on. As a rational investor, it is necessary to reserve the basic knowledge of gold investment and be familiar with the overall situation of international politics and economy. At the same time, abandon speculative psychology.

　　　　Zhang Shounan, president of China Gold Newspaper and director of Beijing Gold Economic Development Research Center, revealed that personal investment in gold futures may be officially opened in the near future, and gold futures can play its role of "capital leverage" to reduce capital investment for investors and improve the return on investment. In addition, gold futures can be both long and short, and investors have the opportunity to make two-way choices, which can bring returns to investors when the market is bullish and bearish. Gold futures should be the most suitable futures for people to invest. (Fan Haitao)

Editor: Fan Jing

1905 movie network news Directed by Hu Mei, written by Zou Jingzhi, starring Fu Dalong, Ma Yili, Olivia (especially), Ma Jinghan, Yao Anlian, and Jiao Huang, a national first-class actor, the historical masterpiece exploring the origin of Peking Opera for 300 years was officially released nationwide today.The film is a collection of top performers in the industry and powerful opera players. It has been polished for six years, and it explores the ups and downs of "Huiban going to Beijing" 300 years ago by taking advantage of the origin of the quintessence of Peking Opera.

　

After six years of painstaking efforts, Hu Mei teamed up with Zou Jingzhi to recount the legend of secret history.

The script of the film Into Beijing was written by Zou Jingzhi, a famous screenwriter in China, for three years. The story is based on the colorful event of "Huiban going to Beijing" in the history of Peking Opera’s origin 300 years ago. It tells the story of the feud between the Beijing Palace and Quyi Pear Garden, and the seclusion of Yue Jiu, a master of opera, and the rebellion of Wang Runsheng, a popular martial artist, at the end of the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, when the emperor wanted to celebrate his eightieth birthday in Beijing.

　

Hu Mei, a famous fifth-generation female director in China, was deeply touched by the spirit of "ocean deep, the drama is bigger than the sky" in the script, and resolutely took over the guide. In order to present the essence of Peking Opera on the screen accurately and to the extreme, Hu Mei personally visited all parts of Anhui Province to explore the survival status of Peking Opera among the people, which was very shocking. "Children who enter school in Lian Gang can sing an authentic Peking Opera anytime and anywhere, which shows the importance of inheritance". After the visit, Hu Mei hoped to use the time of a movie to awaken the young audience’s interest in the art of Peking Opera, which was especially admirable.

Kasi’s strength breaks through the unity of Fu Dalong people and drama, and Ma Yili and Olivia are hard to reconcile.

In the previously exposed trailer of "Entering Beijing", each character’s excellent lines and hidden "divine eye skills" left a very deep impression on the audience.

　

Fu Dalong’s performance, which has always been low-key, is one of the important reasons why many audiences look forward to Entering Beijing. Hu Mei, the "winner of the Triple Crown", plays Yue Jiu, a great master of traditional Chinese opera. You know, this is the first time that Fu Dalong has played a leading role in film and television works. According to director Hu Mei, before the filming, Fu Dalong’s opera skills were close to zero, but he refused to use body double and insisted on going into battle in person in every scene. Therefore, Fu Dalong, with the help of the film drama director Ha Dongxue, practiced hard and sleepless, until he became one with Yue Jiu in appearance and even in psychology, and vividly interpreted the opera realm of "no madness, no survival".

Ma Jinghan, who plays the most opposite role to Fu Dalong, is a well-trained Peking Opera student. This time, he plays Wang Runsheng, a popular martial artist in Chuntai class in the film. From the initial deviant, he later sang the drama "A Thousand Miles to Jingniang" with Yue Jiu on the stage in Beijing, which is a legendary fate.

The performances of Feng Gege and Fang Chunrong’s actors Ma Yili and Olivia, who are deeply involved in Wang Runsheng’s emotional entanglements respectively, are also important points in the film. Feng Gege, played by Ma Yili, has both a mature and steady childe costume and an aristocratic style with gorgeous clothes. Her encounter with Runsheng is like the love of boya in her childhood, and her feelings are hidden.

Fang Chunrong, played by Olivia, once won the screams of many post-90s and even post-00s audiences when the film was screened. Her interpretation of Chunrong reproduces the pure beauty of women in the mountains in detail, and with extremely gentle and charming eyes, it shows the infinite charm of graceful and touching, and teaches Runsheng to treat each other with the warmest feelings. In the film, Fang Chunrong’s time span of nearly 10 years is accurately presented in Olivia’s beautiful, delicate and moving control. She also won her first international film festival trophy — — The Best Supporting Actress Award in the 10th Macau International Film Festival shows its important position in the film.

The emotional entanglement between Chunrong and Gege and Runsheng can be said to be a very heavy plot clue in Entering Beijing. What is the result of this confusing love puzzle, which needs the audience to go to the cinema to reveal it in person.

On the day of release, the film simultaneously exposed the ending song "Who will take care of your beauty" MV, which was sung by Mi Liang, who plays the imperial concubine in the film. The euphemistic singing combined the two musical elements of ancient style and Beijing opera, which made people listen to it and made up for the twists and turns in the film.

　

The roadshow has been reported frequently, and the young audience has recommended it as a domestic platform for good drama.

On May 8th and 9th, "Into the Capital" was shown in several cinemas in Beijing, and the full-house spectacle surprised Hu Mei and Ma Jinghan who attended the post-screening creative exchange meeting.

Surprisingly, most of the praise for movies comes from young audiences who are mainly from the post-90 s and even the post-00 s. In the question-and-answer session of a post-screening communication session, a young movie fan who is only a few years old ran directly to the stage and asked Hu Mei questions. The scene was very interesting and moved other audiences. Hu Mei therefore felt: "Our country now attaches great importance to the education of young people, which is also an important reason why our films can approach young people."

　

At the screening site, many young viewers longed for Hu Mei’s name and specially came to see the true meaning of the new work "Love Bean". Seeing this scene, Ma Jinghan was also "tickled", and immediately opened his mouth with amazement, and performed a classic drama "Dingjun Mountain", which won the applause of the whole hall with his professional opera skills. Not only that, many fans from Ma Yili and Olivia attended the screening.