The length, width and height of Hellcat SRT are 5027mm, 1923mm and 1461mm respectively. From the side photos, you can more intuitively understand its slender body design. The 20-inch granite crystal aluminum alloy wheels are matched with the 20-inch all-season performance tires, aiming to make the car have better dynamic performance. If a friend thinks that this design is not personalized enough, he can choose the side stripes of the challenger car body to further improve the recognition of the car.

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The black interior design is very sporty, and the leather steering wheel and shift handle are designed with excellent sense of control. The driver’s 6-way electric seat adjustment and 4-way waist adjustment are designed to provide the driver with the most comfortable riding experience, so that he can drive the car better. The central control 8.4-inch touch screen adds a certain fashion atmosphere to the car. The contents such as reversing images, electric power steering and slope assist provide auxiliary functions for drivers, and at the same time improve driving safety to a certain extent.

Dodge Hellcat SRT adopts the latest design of Dodge family, and its overall shape is more sporty. The instrument panel adopts the combination design of double instrument panels and LCD screen, and the center console adopts split type with central LCD screen. It has a sporty atmosphere, including a bottom steering wheel, sports seats, carbon fiber-like interior parts and aluminum alloy decorative panels.

Dodge Hellcat SRT is equipped with a 6.2-liter HEMI V8 supercharged engine with a maximum power of 600 HP, which is matched with a six-speed manual or TorqueFlite eight-speed automatic transmission. The new Dodge Hellcat SRT Hellcat V8 6.2L 707 horsepower accelerates 100 kilometers for 3.7 seconds. Reservation accepted. The transmission system is matched with a brand-new 8-speed automatic transmission, which is used to match the increased torque output of Charger SRT.

Data map: VAT electronic ordinary invoice. (Photo courtesy of Zhejiang Provincial State Taxation Bureau) Photo by Zhong Xin, a reporter from China News Service

　　BEIJING, June 14 (Xinhua) According to the website of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, the General Office of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China released a document today to interpret the Announcement of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on Matters Related to the First Application of VAT Invoices by Newly-established Taxpayers. The full text is as follows:

　　— — What is the background of this announcement?

　　In order to further deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform of the tax system, optimize the tax business environment, and facilitate newly-established taxpayers to apply for VAT invoices for the first time, according to the requirements of the State Council on further shortening the start-up time of enterprises, the State Administration of Taxation issued this announcement to shorten the time for newly-established taxpayers to apply for VAT invoices for the first time.

　　— — How long can it take for newly-established taxpayers to apply for VAT invoices for the first time?

　　At the same time, when a newly-established taxpayer who meets the following conditions applies for a VAT invoice for the first time, the competent tax authorities shall complete it within 2 working days from the date of accepting the application, and the competent tax authorities with conditions shall complete it on the same day:

　　(a) the taxpayer’s tax personnel and legal representative have collected and verified the real-name information (the scope of taxpayers who need to collect and verify the real-name information of the legal representative is determined by the provincial tax authorities);

　　(two) taxpayers have the need to issue VAT invoices and take the initiative to apply for invoices;

　　(three) taxpayers in accordance with the provisions of the tax control equipment distribution and other matters.

　　— — What tax-related matters do newly-established taxpayers mainly include when applying for VAT invoices for the first time?

　　Newly-established taxpayers applying for VAT invoices for the first time mainly include tax-related matters such as the verification of invoice types, the examination and approval of the maximum invoicing limit of special VAT invoices (VAT tax control system), the initial issuance of special equipment for VAT tax control system, and the receipt of invoices.

　　— — For the first time, a newly-established taxpayer applies for a VAT invoice. What is the maximum billing limit and the maximum number of recipients per month?

　　The tax authorities shall verify the invoice types for newly-established taxpayers who apply for VAT invoices for the first time as stipulated in Article 1 of this announcement. The maximum invoicing limit of special VAT invoices shall not exceed 100,000 yuan, and the maximum number of recipients per month shall not exceed 25; The maximum invoice value-added tax invoice is no more than 100,000 yuan, and the maximum number of recipients per month is no more than 50. The provincial tax authorities can, within this range, determine the approval criteria for the first application of VAT invoices by newly-established taxpayers according to the degree of tax risk of taxpayers.

　　— — When will this announcement come into force?

　　In areas other than Xinjiang, Qinghai and Tibet, this announcement shall come into force on August 1, 2018; Xinjiang, Qinghai and Tibet will come into force on October 1, 2018.

Original Ugliness & Strong Bureau Cat Teacher’s Patent Analysis Visualized in Topic # 28 Patent Analysis Methods and Tools

The country/region where the technology is applied for for the first time refers to which country/region the patented technology was put forward by the applicant, which is usually determined according to the country information in the priority number. The number of patent applications filed by the first-time applicant country/region reflects the country/region’s patent technology innovation ability and activity to a certain extent, which is often used to evaluate the overall technical strength, competitive position and development stage of the country/region in macro analysis.

01

—

Analysis of technical sources of global patent applications in countries or regions

When analyzing the situation of technology source, usually, the countries/regions with relatively high technical strength are initially delineated through ranking analysis, or the global strength positioning of the countries/regions specially selected for the purpose of analysis is determined. However, only by comparing the total amount of applications of each country/region, it is impossible to distinguish between "thin dead camel" and "new aristocrat", and it is also impossible to distinguish between "paper strength" and "real strength".

For the former, by increasing the time dimension, we can deeply observe the changing trend of patent applications from various technical sources, so as to find out whether the output climax of its patented technological achievements has passed or is in progress, so as to find out the countries with the most development potential or positive development momentum. In addition to the annual change, which is the most direct display method, data can also be converted. For example, the average annual growth rate of patent applications from various technology sources is calculated to compare the growth of patent applications in different places. If the average annual growth rate is greater than 0, the patent applications in this country/region show an increasing trend; if the average annual growth rate is less than 0, the patent applications in this country/region show a downward trend, thus showing the acceleration of the output of patented technological achievements more intuitively.

For the latter, it is usually necessary to use other evaluation indicators related to the quality of applications to more accurately characterize the height of technological innovation and the strength of scientific research and development, such as the number of citations, the number of families, the number of multilateral applications, the possibility of obtaining rights, and whether there are related products on the market. However, it is worth noting that there are many kinds of indicators that can be used to characterize the application quality, especially the connotation of each indicator does not have a recognized and unified definition. Therefore, in patent analysis, the appropriate types of indicators should be selected mainly according to the characteristics of the analyzed fields and data, and the corresponding definitions should be given in the analysis report.

Case 1: Analysis of the main sources of assistive devices and technologies for the visually and hearing impaired.

The number of applications from major sources in the field of assistive devices and technologies for the visually and hearing impaired and their changing trends.

Chart source: WIPO patent landscape report on assistive devices and technologies for visually and hearing affected persons.

From 2007 to 2011, among the main technical sources in the field of assistive devices and technologies for visually and hearing-impaired people, the United States ranked first, with 13,581 applications; Followed by Japan, with 8249 applications; Although China ranks third, the number of applications is only 2,691, which is not far from the top two countries, such as the United States and Japan. It shows that in the field of assistive devices and technologies for the visually impaired and hearing impaired, the national strength is obviously unbalanced, and there is a big difference between echelons. The United States is strong and stands out, and few countries can compete with it.

However, from the perspective of growth rate, the number of applications in this field in China, South Korea and the United Kingdom is increasing, while the growth rate of applications in other countries and regions has declined, especially in Australia, Germany and the United States, indicating that China is making rapid development in this field, which belongs to the rising period of technology research and development. Although its current strength is still insufficient, its future can be expected.

Case 2: Application trend of global patent application sources in artificial intelligence field

Ranking of the number of first-time applications accepted by the world’s major acceptance bureaus in the field of artificial intelligence

Chart source: WIPO Technology Trends 2019: Artificial Intelligence

In the field of artificial intelligence, the number of patented technologies in China is slightly better than that in the United States, ranking first in the world, while Japan and South Korea rank third and fourth respectively. However, there is a certain gap in the total number of applications compared with China and the United States, and the top 10 major countries/regions account for 97% of all AI patent applications (with 328,935 patent families), while the top four countries (China, Japan, South Korea and the United States) together account for 80% of the total. It can be seen that there are not many countries/regions that can compete in the field of artificial intelligence at present.

Changes in the number of first-time applications accepted by the world’s major acceptance bureaus in the field of artificial intelligence

Chart source: WIPO Technology Trends 2019: Artificial Intelligence

A further analysis of the time distribution of applications shows that Japan and the United States reached the threshold of accepting 200 applications in 1979 and 1986 respectively, while China only reached this threshold in 2002, with a time lag of about 20 years compared with the United States and Japan, but it has grown extremely rapidly in recent years, with an exponential growth trend in the past 10 years. Since 2013, the number of first-time applications in China has surpassed that in the United States, and the average annual growth rate of first-time applications since 2013 is as high as 43%. By 2016, the number of first-time applications in the AI field in China has reached 33,000.

On the contrary, although Japan was one of the first countries to innovate in the field of AI (in the early 1980s), the number of its applications has remained relatively stable in recent years after a brief decline from 1982 to 1986 and a rapid increase from 1986 to 1991. Applications in the United States also appeared earlier (in the mid-1980s), and have been growing continuously since then, except for the fluctuations in the number of applications during 2000 -2002 and 2008 -2012 due to economic impact. The growth rate of applications in South Korea was significantly accelerated around 2002, while PCT patent applications grew strongly after 2010.

Multi-index dimension analysis of global patent application source in artificial intelligence field

Chart source: WIPO Technology Trends 2019: Artificial Intelligence

Comprehensive analysis is made by using three indicators: at least one authorization, high-frequency cited patent family and multilateral application.

At least one authorization: Families with at least one grant, that is, at least one patent in the same family has been granted a patent right, reflecting the innovation of the technology involved);

High-frequency cited patent families: Highly cited families, that is, patent families that have been cited for at least 20 times by later published patent applications, reflect the importance of the technology involved;

Multilateral application: Extension share, that is, a patent family that has entered more than two countries or regions, indicates that it hopes to commercialize inventions in multiple markets.

It can be found that although China ranks first in the number of patent applications in the field of artificial intelligence, if the above three indicators are considered, its ranking will drop significantly: only 4% of China applicants will subsequently enter other countries after submitting their patent applications for the first time, while the proportion of applicants from other countries has reached 25%-63%; In terms of the number of at least one patent family authorized by the same family, China ranks third among the five bureaus; Ranked first from the bottom in the number of patent families cited in high frequency. The reasons for this phenomenon may be that China applicants are more interested in the domestic market than overseas markets, and China applicants submitted their applications in this field relatively late, so the number of authorizations and the frequency of citations are relatively low.

Case 3: Comparison of patent application structure of main technical sources of silicon carbide preparation technology

Comparison of national patent application structure (multilateral application and non-multilateral application) of main technical sources of silicon carbide preparation technology

Chart Source: China National Intellectual Property Administration Academic Committee. Industrial Patent Analysis Report (Volume 67) Third Generation Semiconductor [M]. Beijing: Intellectual Property Press, 2019.

By comparing the patent application structures of the main technical sources of silicon carbide preparation technology, it can be seen that the total number of applications for silicon carbide in China is 5772, but only 612 are multilateral applications, accounting for only 10.7% of the total; The total number of applications for silicon carbide in the United States is 6,175, of which 3,699 are multilateral applications, accounting for 59.9% of the total. Although there are a large number of patent applications in China, they are mainly concentrated in the domestic market, and there are few overseas patent applications, which may lead to the lack of adequate patent protection and huge patent risks for China enterprises when they enter overseas markets; However, the United States, Japan and South Korea have more multilateral applications, which can provide a strong guarantee for the healthy development of overseas markets, except that their own countries attach great importance to overseas market applications. Among them, the patent application structure refers to the proportion of multilateral applications and non-multilateral applications, while multilateral applications refer to patent families entering more than three countries.

02

—

Analysis on the technical sources of China’s application.

For patent applications in China, the country/region of technology origin or the province/city of technology origin is usually analyzed in the process of patent analysis, but the country of technology origin and the province of technology origin are actually two completely different perspectives. Since China patent applications from other countries/regions in China only account for a part of the patent technology achievements, the ranking of China patent applications from other countries/regions can not truly reflect their actual technical strength, but only reflect their willingness and ability to obtain patents for the China market, that is, the strength of patent layout. In contrast, influenced by the traditional patent application habits and the provisions of Article 20 of the Patent Law on confidentiality review, domestic applicants usually give priority to filing patent applications in China for their technologies, so the number of patent applications from provinces/cities with technology sources can usually truly reflect the patent technology research and development capabilities of each province/city.

Case 4: The distribution of patent applicants in China in 4：FinFET field.

Distribution of patent applicants in China in FinFET field by provinces, cities and regions

Chart Source: Yang Tiejun. Industrial Patent Analysis Report (Volume 40) High-end General Chip [M]. Beijing: Intellectual Property Press, 2016.

Among China applicants in FinFET technology field, Taiwan Province ranks first. TSMC and Lianhua Electronics from Taiwan Province are world-renowned foundry enterprises in semiconductor field, with broad business scope and strong scientific research capabilities. TSMC, in particular, has been at the forefront of advanced semiconductor technology in recent years. Except Taiwan Province, applications from mainland China are mainly concentrated in Shanghai and Beijing. Shanghai is due to the concentration of semiconductor industry, while Beijing has more research institutes and universities. It can be seen that, like the global trend, China’s domestic industries have also been highly differentiated and gathered.

For more details, please pay attention to the Practical Manual of Patent Analysis (Second Edition).

Catalogue of this book

Chapter 1: Basic concepts, methods and application scenarios of patent analysis.

1.1 Basic concepts of patent analysis

1.2 the basic way of patent analysis

1.3 dialectical understanding of patent analysis and patent statistics

1.4 Common application scenarios of patent analysis

Chapter 2 patent analysis process and project management

2.1 the overall process of patent analysis

2.2 Preparation of resources for patent analysis

2.3 Project Management of Patent Analysis

2.4 Key links of patent analysis

2.5 Application of the Achievements of Patent Analysis Project

Chapter 3 Industry Survey

3.1 The main contents of industry survey

3.2 The main ways of industry survey

3.3 Writing of Industry Investigation Report

Chapter 4 Decomposition of Patent Technology

4.1 Overview of Patent Technology Decomposition

4.2 Process of Patent Technology Decomposition

4.3 Method of Patent Technology Decomposition

4.4 Examples of Patent Technology Decomposition

Chapter 5 Patent Analysis, Retrieval and Evaluation

5.1 Overview of Patent Analysis and Retrieval

5.2 Patent Analysis and Retrieval Process

5.3 Introduction to the Use of Patent Analysis Database

5.4 Basic retrieval strategy

5.5 Selection of retrieval elements

5.6 the construction of retrieval type

5.7 Patent Analysis, Retrieval and Evaluation

5.8 Writing of Patent Analysis and Retrieval Report

Chapter 6 Data Processing

6.1 Overview of data processing

6.2 data acquisition

6.3 data cleaning

6.4 data indexing

Chapter 7 Visualization of Patent Analysis

7.1 Overview of patent analysis visualization

7.2 Basic contents of patent analysis visualization

7.3 Visual Interpretation of Patent Analysis

Chapter 8 Patent Analysis Methods

8.1 Statistical Analysis of Description Items

8.2 Technical Indexing Item Analysis

8.3 Analysis of Rights Indexing Items

8.4 Characteristic analysis method

Chapter 9 Writing of Patent Analysis Report

9.1 Basic Process

9.2 General requirements

9.3 reporting framework

9.4 Writing of main content

Chapter 10 Conclusion

10.1 Catch the "anomaly"-what to see?

10.2 Looking for "meaning"-what to write?

10.3 Keep "Action"-Do what?

Appendix: Basic Usage of Patent Database

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Micro-signal: patent analysis visualization

Original title: Patent Analysis Method | Technology Source Analysis

Read the original text

　　On the afternoon of September 29th, the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism held a press conference to introduce the situation of epidemic prevention and control during the National Day and answer questions from the media.

　　Lei Zheng Long, director of the Department of Communication and Prevention of the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention, said that since the outbreak of COVID-19, we have always adhered to the principle of "people first, life first", guiding all localities to conscientiously implement the requirements of relevant prevention and control policies and measures, do a good job in accurate prevention and control, strengthen the prevention of safety risks, and earnestly safeguard the life safety and health of the broad masses of the people.

　　One is in nucleic acid detection. All localities are required to reasonably organize and arrange nucleic acid inspection for the masses to avoid gathering and chatting. When people take part in nucleic acid testing, they should pay attention to personal protection, keep a straight line, wear masks and do good hand hygiene. All localities should also make reasonable arrangements for sample transfer vehicles, which should not be used for other purposes during the transfer task.

　　The second is in the process of flow adjustment and transshipment. It is required that all localities should strengthen on-site face-to-face flow adjustment, and the flow adjustment personnel should also do personal protection, and scientifically and accurately determine the risk personnel such as close contacts, close contacts, and exposed personnel in epidemic-related places. Make overall arrangements for the deployment of transshipment, formulate a transshipment plan in combination with local actual conditions, reasonably arrange transshipment tasks and transshipment time, strengthen the daily inspection and safety maintenance of transshipment vehicles, improve the safety awareness of drivers and passengers, put an end to drivers’ fatigue driving and ensure transshipment safety.

　　The third is in the centralized isolation link. The infrastructure of centralized isolation places should meet the current national standards for building safety, fire safety, earthquake prevention and disaster prevention, strictly regulate the management of isolation points, and prevent cross-infection. For special people who are not suitable for centralized isolation after evaluation, measures of home isolation can be taken. For those who are not suitable for single room isolation, appropriate personnel should be appointed to accompany them.When centralized or home isolation measures are taken, it is not allowed to lock the door outside.

　　The fourth is the supply of living materials, medical care and other links. After the outbreak, all localities should scientifically and accurately define the risk areas and make dynamic adjustments, strictly implement management requirements according to regulations, and make clear that special personnel teams are responsible for the supply of basic living materials for residents, especially to prevent food safety incidents. It is necessary to designate specialized medical institutions to provide medical services for residents in high-and medium-risk areas and provide medical convenience for special people.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China identified "Beautiful China" as an important goal of socialist modernization in the new era, and made comprehensive arrangements for accelerating the reform of ecological civilization system and building beautiful China. In order to achieve this grand goal and complete this historical mission, how will forestry play its role and advantages? The reporter interviewed Zhang Jianlong, director of the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau.

　　Reporter: The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China identified "Beautiful China" as an important goal of socialist modernization in the new era. How do you understand it?

　　Zhang Jianlong: Standing in the new historical orientation of China’s development, the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China discussed the great significance of vigorously promoting the construction of ecological civilization, and made comprehensive arrangements for speeding up the reform of the ecological civilization system and building a beautiful China. The report defines "Beautiful China" as an important goal and one of the strategic tasks of socialist modernization in the new era. Building ecological civilization is a Millennium plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. We should adhere to the harmonious coexistence between man and nature and establish and practice Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets’s concept. Man and nature are a community of life, and human beings must respect, conform to and protect nature. We should speed up the reform of ecological civilization system and build a beautiful China. These are the important contents of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, which provide basic guidance for building an ecological civilization and beautiful China and promoting forestry modernization, and point out the way forward.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s forestry construction has achieved remarkable results, but China is still a country with few forests and green, fragile ecology and insufficient supply of ecological products. Compared with the people’s needs for a beautiful ecological environment, the national forestry development level still lags far behind the needs for maintaining ecological security, building an ecological civilization and beautiful China and building a well-off society in an all-round way. Forestry departments at all levels and foresters should stand at the strategic and overall height of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, earnestly enhance their sense of responsibility and urgency in building an ecological civilization and a beautiful China, more actively promote forestry modernization with greater determination and more practical measures, and strive to make up for the shortcomings of forestry development, so as to ensure that forestry and the whole country can simultaneously achieve the grand goal of modernization and better meet the people’s yearning for a better life.

　　Reporter: To implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, what should the forestry system focus on next?

　　Zhang Jianlong: We must thoroughly study and understand the important thoughts of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on ecological civilization construction, firmly establish the socialist concept of ecological civilization, constantly improve the overall thinking and major policies and measures of forestry work, conscientiously implement the major decision-making arrangements of the central authorities on ecological civilization construction, and comprehensively improve the level of forestry modernization.

　　At present, we should focus on improving the quality and stability of natural ecosystems such as forests, wetlands and deserts, and provide more high-quality ecological products for the whole society. It is necessary to comprehensively deepen forestry reforms such as collective forest right system, state-owned forest farms and state-owned forest areas, do a good job in establishing a national park system as a pilot, and promote the improvement of system of ecological civilization. It is necessary to continuously strengthen the protection of ecosystems, improve the natural forest protection system and the compensation system for forests and wetlands, promote legislation on the protection of natural forests and wetlands, strengthen forestry administrative law enforcement, forest pest control and forest fire prevention, and comprehensively protect woodlands, forests, wetlands, vegetation and wildlife in sandy areas. It is necessary to carry out major forestry ecological protection and restoration projects in depth, improve the regional layout and policy measures of existing projects, and strive to build a strategic pattern of "two screens and three belts" ecological security. It is necessary to carry out large-scale land greening operations, promote urban and rural greening as a whole, expand the scale of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, and comprehensively strengthen forest management. It is necessary to implement the scheme of wetland protection and restoration system and the scheme of desertification land protection and restoration system, accelerate the pace of sand prevention and control, and strengthen wetland protection and restoration. Strengthen the construction and management of forestry nature reserves, solve the problems of fragmentation of wildlife habitats, islanding of nature reserves, and blocking of ecological corridors, build ecological corridors and biodiversity protection networks, and strive to achieve harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

　　Reporter: How can forestry play a greater role in implementing the rural revitalization strategy?

　　Zhang Jianlong: Implementing the rural revitalization strategy is a new strategic deployment made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core for the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, which is of great significance for effectively solving the problems concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, building a well-off society in an all-round way, realizing the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and building an ecological civilization. Forestry has many ecological, economic and social benefits. It is the main provider of ecological products, an important basic industry and a green industry to enrich the people. It plays an increasingly important role in improving ecological conditions and promoting employment and income. The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy not only brings great opportunities for forestry reform and development, but also requires forestry to play its unique advantages and important role.

　　First, strengthen rural ecological protection and restoration. In-depth implementation of key ecological projects such as natural forest protection, shelter forest system construction, returning farmland to forests, sand prevention and control, wetland protection and restoration, and comprehensive improvement of rural ecological carrying capacity, on the one hand, provide ecological support for agricultural and rural modernization, on the other hand, focus on improving rural ecological livability. Focusing on the goal of ecological livability, we will organize and implement greening and beautification projects and small wetland restoration projects in rural areas, accelerate the construction of rural greenways, leisure parks, rural wetland parks and wetland protection communities, and continuously improve the ecological situation of rural human settlements. We will implement a number of protection projects for ancient and famous trees, water conservation forests, native tree species, native flowers and native rare wild plants.

　　The second is to deepen the reform of the collective forest right system. Stabilize the family contract relationship of collective forest land, liberalize the management right, promote the separation of ownership, contracting right and management right of collective forest land, accelerate the development of new forestry management entities such as family forest farms, guide financial capital and social capital to flow into forestry in an orderly manner, promote the moderate scale operation of collective forestry, and help farmers revitalize forest resources.

　　Third, actively develop the forestry industry. Through policy support, guide farmers to actively develop industries such as characteristic economic forests, woody oil plants, bamboo and rattan flowers, and under-forest economy, and enhance the contribution rate of forestry to farmers’ income. Organize and implement the construction project of forest ecological sign products, cultivate more production bases of excellent new forest products in rural areas, and let more farmers realize stable employment and income increase. Vigorously develop forest tourism and leisure services, build a number of forest health bases, forest towns, forest villages and forest families, and strive to transform green mountains and green hills into Jinshan Yinshan. In poverty-stricken areas, we will strive to continue to expand the scale of ecological rangers and let more poor farmers get rid of poverty steadily.

　　Fourth, vigorously promote forestry ecological culture. Actively explore and develop tree culture, flower culture, bamboo culture and tea culture, promote the construction of a number of eco-cultural villages, promote rural civilization, guide farmers to protect ecological resources such as wild animals and plants, ancient and famous trees and wetlands more consciously, take the initiative to love green and plant green, and jointly build a beautiful home.

Graduation thesis is a thesis written and submitted by college students before their studies are completed, and it is one of the important parts of teaching or scientific research activities. Here papertime shares with you the top ten steps of graduation thesis writing, hoping to help children’s shoes with their thesis writing. If children’s shoes are faced with the problem of revision in the process of writing the first draft, it is suggested to download the personal version of papertime client, and check, modify and reduce the weight for free, so as to successfully pass the duplicate checking test of school papers.

(A) the basic structure of the paper

A thesis is an argumentative one, and its basic structure generally includes three parts: topic, argument and conclusion.

1. Thesis: refers to the proposition that the authenticity of the paper needs to be proved.

2. argument: that is, discuss and prove. It mainly refers to the discussion process of citing arguments to prove the authenticity of the topic, and it is a form of reasoning used when the topic is deduced from arguments.

3. Conclusion: The conclusion is the final judgment of the article. Its main functions are:

(1) Summarize the full text and point out the theme.

(2) Looking to the future and enhancing confidence.

(3) express feelings and enhance appeal.

(B) the composition of the paper

A complete paper should include the following contents:

1. Title (Title)

The title of the paper should reflect the logical combination of the most important specific content in the paper with the most appropriate and concise words, and avoid using uncommon abbreviations to omit words, characters, codes, symbols and formulas as much as possible. The title of a paper generally does not exceed 30 words.

2. Name and unit of the author

The signature of the paper includes: those who participated in the selection of research topics and the formulation of research plans, those who directly participated in all or the main part of the research work and contributed, and those who participated in the writing of the paper. If the paper is jointly completed by two or more people, the ranking should be arranged according to the contribution of each person or according to the agreement.

3. Abstract of the paper

Abstract is a brief statement of the content of the paper, prompting the main points, opinions and arguments of the paper or briefly introducing the main contents of the paper. The text should be concise and accurate. Generally, 200~400 words are suitable for Chinese abstracts of papers, and important academic papers should not exceed 1500 words.

4, keywords (or keywords)

Keywords refer to words or terms used to express the theme information of the full text of the paper, which are used for data query. Generally, 3 ~ 5 words are selected as keywords for each paper.

5. Outline

An outline refers to the main points of a paper.

6. Introduction (or introduction, preface, introduction, introduction, preface and introduction)

Introduction is the beginning of the paper. A complicated and lengthy paper, called "introduction" and "preface", requires a clear explanation of the motivation, content, significance and purpose of writing this article. It is mainly used to briefly explain the content, purpose, method and significance of the research problem, clarify the main points of the full text (article arguments), draw lessons from the research situation, knowledge layout and theoretical basis of predecessors and others in the accounting field, and put forward the author’s own research ideas and research methods for the inheritance and development of accounting theory and practice, the expected results and practical significance. If it is an investigation report, you can also explain the background and explain the investigation method. This part of the content has the function of "outlining", which is intended to summarize and lead the full text, but the words should be "less but better". In the text, there is no need to write the word "preface". Generally, one paragraph is written, and some people write two, three or even four paragraphs. After writing, when turning to this theory, it is best to leave a line blank in the middle.

7. Text

The text is the core part and the main part of the paper, and its function is to expand the topic, analyze and demonstrate. The content of the text is to deeply analyze the questions raised in the introduction of the article, analyze and demonstrate by combining theoretical research with practical operation, and reveal the intricate internal relations and laws of objective things in various professional fields. The content of the text reflects the logical thinking and language expression ability of the article, which determines the intelligibility of the paper and the persuasiveness of the argument. The writing of the text must be realistic, objective and true, well-prepared, clear in thinking logic, distinct in levels and easy to understand.

There are three forms of hierarchical structure used in writing the text:

1. Linear inference mode. Starting from the central argument of the article, it is discussed in depth layer by layer, and the logical deduction from one point to another shows a linear logical depth.

2. The way of juxtaposition. Put several subordinate arguments subordinate to the basic topic side by side and discuss them separately.

3. The way of combining linear inference with parallel theory. That is to say, the straight line theory contains the parallel theory, and there are straight line inferences under the parallel theory, forming a complex three-dimensional structure.

The main body of a paper usually adopts the structural level of the third way (that is, the combination of straight-line inference and parallel inference). It should be reminded that the quotations in the text of the paper should be reasonable and standardized, otherwise the duplicate checking system will judge them as similar, which will improve the repetition rate of your paper.

8. Concluding remarks

At the end, the article should stop at the end, take care of the beginning and reflect the integrity of the full text. The full text is seamless and echoes from beginning to end, which can not only give people a sense of structural integrity, but also receive the effect of summarizing the full text, highlighting the center and deepening the reader’s impression. There are three kinds of endings: summative ending, explanatory ending and summative ending.

The words "conclusion" and "conclusion" need not be written in the text, depending on the genre and content of the paper. The beginning of the reference should be an independent part, and there should be a blank line between it and the previous paragraph; If the upper branch stops in classical Chinese, there is no need to leave a blank line, which is equivalent to stopping when the words are exhausted, and there is no end of the full text.

9. Words of thanks

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　 　 　 　 How to apply for green code for Alipay health code Alipay health green code application steps

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　　　　　　1. After opening Alipay, click more options on the home page.

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[Text/Observer Network Wang Shichun]

On December 8, Hong Kong police seized a large number of dangerous weapons, including a compact glock)19/23 pistol and 105 rounds of ammunition. The bullets of this type of pistol are basically the same as those of the active pistol of the Hong Kong Police.

Military commentators of Observer Network judged that this gun was not a legitimate gun produced by Glock’s original factory, but a "black gun" assembled by American manufacturer Polymer80 products, without any logo, number and ballistic record. Although the product sold by Polymer80 is a semi-finished blank, the gun body has been processed to 80%, and the mob may smuggle the rest of the parts "processed with materials" and finally assemble this black gun.

If the mob used this gun to open fire in the crowd, then the Hong Kong police could not produce the ballistic record of this gun in the subsequent investigation. Today, with the intensification of conflicts in Hong Kong, if the Hong Kong police can’t produce ballistic records for a long time, it is bound to be framed by mobs and put the Hong Kong police at a disadvantage.

The real guns and magazines seized are from Hong Kong media.

Hong Kong TVB TV reported on December 8 that 75 police officers from the Organized Crime and Triad Bureau of the Hong Kong Police raided 11 addresses in Hong Kong and smashed a criminal gang in the early morning of the 8 th. During the illegal assembly in Mong Kok on October 20th, the gang used petrol bombs to attack the Mong Kok Police Station.

In the end, the Hong Kong police seized a large number of dangerous weapons in the mob’s home, including a compact glock)19/23 pistol and 105 bullets. Among them, three magazines are full of bullets. Li Guihua, Senior Superintendent of the Organized Crime and Triad Bureau, said that the Hong Kong Police Force had received a tip earlier that "(this gang) plans to use firearms to create chaos in today’s assembly and procession, including shooting police officers or framing police officers to hurt passers-by".

After studying by military commentators of Observer Network, the mob has a "black gun" modified from Glock 19/23 blank made by American manufacturer Polymer80.

Made by American manufacturer Polymer80, the blank of Glock 19/23 Source: Polymer80 Company official website.

Polymer80 is a company specializing in the manufacture of rough firearms within the scope of "permitted by American law". The rough produced by the company can circulate freely in the market without registration even if there is no serial number.The company’s pistol is characterized by no marks, numbers and ballistic records. The Hong Kong police can’t find available information through the ballistic records and serial numbers of firearms.Only through time-consuming and laborious criminal investigation can the source of guns be traced back.

It is worth mentioning that when Polymer80 sells gun blanks, it not only includes rough blanks, but also small parts, clamping fixtures and necessary drill bits. On the official website of Polymer80, there are also documents that teach you how to process it step by step to the usable level.

Glock in the hands of thugs is a product numbered PF940C. Although it is a rough imitation of the compact Glock 19/23, the machining degree has reached 80%, and all the basic parts of the sleeve seat have been machined, while the sleeve, trigger and barrel are sold separately.

When Polymer80 sells gun blanks, it not only includes blank, but also small parts, clamping fixtures and necessary drill bits. Source: Polymer80 Company official website.

The sleeve seat set is priced at $160, and another sleeve and barrel with high completion is priced at $450, but it shows that it is out of stock. Source: Polymer80 Company official website.

Glock pistol is one of the largest selling pistols in the world, so the parts of this pistol are not hard to find. In Southeast Asia, where gun crimes are frequent, many small weapons factories also independently produce the whole gun and parts of Glock pistols. Mobs may use parts smuggled from abroad to assemble a "black gun" without any marks, numbers and ballistic records.

The underground gun workshop in the Philippines is producing the American-made M1911 pistol, but it is not difficult to produce Glock’s parts.

The Hong Kong police displayed the captured Tatsu Yamashiro map from social media

At present, the Hong Kong police have two types of Glock, namely glock 17 and Compact Glock 19, which are currently used by the Hong Kong Police Small Boat Division (Maritime Emergency Response Team), Witness Protection Team, vip protection unit, Tracking Support Team, Airport Special Police Team, Railway Emergency Response Team, Counter-Terrorism Special Service Team and Special Task Company.

Due to the formal introduction channels, every Glock pistol of the Hong Kong police has a clear ballistic record.

Video screenshot of Hong Kong CTRU using Glock pistol.

Gun experts told Observer.com that if the mob framed the Hong Kong police with this gun, the Hong Kong police could not produce the ballistic record of this gun in the follow-up investigation. Today, with the intensification of conflicts in Hong Kong, if the Hong Kong police can’t produce ballistic records for a long time, it is bound to be hyped by mobs and framed at a disadvantage.

The Hong Kong police are investigating the purpose of the mob holding a gun. Li Guihua said that this is the first time that the Hong Kong police have seized real guns since the "chaotic demonstrations in Hong Kong", so they are very nervous. The source of this real gun will be one of the focuses of the Hong Kong Police Force’s close investigation in the future.

He stressed that this pistol is not a specification used by the Hong Kong Police Force. When someone asked at the press conference whether the perpetrators tried to frame the plainclothes police in Hong Kong this time, Li Guihua said, "I dare not say more now."

This article is an exclusive manuscript of Observer. It cannot be reproduced without authorization.

　　It’s been a week since June 18, and when the June 18 war resumed, Juhua, which was fully restarted in March this year, became the biggest dark horse that suddenly emerged. The data shows that during the Tmall 618 period, the cost-effective year-on-year transaction growth reached 86.5%, and the year-on-year order growth was 106%.

　　According to Alibaba, poly-cost-effective led to one-third of Tmall 618 transactions. According to the special report released by the authoritative Internet information service provider Analysys International on June 20th, Tmall’s market share during the promotion period was more than twice that of JD.COM and Pinduoduo combined, and one company accounted for nearly two-thirds of the total market share.

　　Source: Analysys

　　The above picture shows the GMV comparison among different platforms very intuitively. The GMV of Taobao Tmall is 100, while that of JD.COM and Pinduoduo is 32.7 and 9.9 respectively. Poly-cost-effective leads to one-third of the transactions, which means that its index of leading transactions reaches 33, which is higher than that of JD.COM and Pinduoduo. More directly, a single gathering is cost-effective, and the turnover during Tmall 618 exceeded three Pinduoduo. In this year’s 618 War, the pattern of the sinking market has been rewritten. As an amoy department, Juhua rushed into the sinking market and gained a lot of advantages in the sinking market.

　　On June 25th, Alibaba "officially announced" the overall growth of Tmall 618. Jiang Fan, president of Tmall, revealed at the launch conference of Tmall flagship store version 2.0 that the physical GMV of Tmall 618 increased by 38.5% year-on-year, and the DAU (daily active user) of mobile phone Taobao also increased by 29% year-on-year during Tmall 618.

　　Caption: Jiang Fan, president of Tmall, was at the launch of version 2.0 of Tmall flagship store.

　　JD.COM did not disclose GMV figures, but the so-called "order amount". According to the figures published by JD.COM, the year-on-year growth of the order amount is only 26.5%, which is 12 percentage points lower than that of Tmall. As the largest e-commerce platform in the whole network, the growth rate of Tmall is also significantly ahead of competitors such as JD.COM. The ultra-high-speed growth of poly-cost-effective has further consolidated the dominant position of Amoy in the whole market.

　　The cost-effective "revival" has also injected important traffic growth into mobile phone Taobao. The year-on-year growth rate of DAU of Hand Amoy is 29%, which is the highest since 2017. It also shows that it is cost-effective to tap the incremental population mainly based on the following heavy market users. Data from traffic monitoring third-party organizations such as Aurora Big Data and Questmobile all show that during the period of 618, the number of DAU (Daily Active Users) of mobile phone Taobao was in an absolute leading position, far exceeding other competitors.

　　Win the sinking market

　　A prominent feature of 618 this year is that "sinking market" has become a battleground for military strategists. In March this year, the comprehensive and cost-effective restart profoundly changed the war situation of 618 this year. Jiang Fan revealed a figure that 49% of Tmall 618′ s purchase users came from the 4 th, 5 th and 6 th tier cities.

　　The research of Aurora Big Data shows that although the penetration rate of mobile phone Taobao in third-tier and below cities is slightly lower than that in first-and second-tier cities, it is still as high as 54.8%, which is significantly higher than that in Pinduoduo (39.5%) and JD.COM (22.3%). It is the only mainstream e-commerce software with a penetration rate of over 50% in third-tier and below cities. The DAU index of Taobao’s sinking market in the third line and below is more than twice that of Pinduoduo.

　　In fact, before the start of Tmall 618, Alibaba began to deploy troops to strengthen the cost-effectiveness. Although Juhua was once an independent business unit of Amoy Department, it was merged into Tmall at the end of 2016. At the beginning of this year, Juhua became independent from Tmall and became a unified marketing platform for Taobao and Tmall, namely the marketing platform business unit. It is also known as Daju Cost-effective business unit.

　　The new big gathering cost-effective covers the core marketing tools of Taobao, such as gathering cost-effective, rushing to buy, selling every day, etc. These business lines occupy almost half of the "half of the country" in the new edition of the hand-scouring six squares.

　　Amoy is one of the most important goals of this year’s 618 strategy, which is to maximize the enthusiasm of users in the sinking market. Alibaba’s "618" this year is "the biggest investment in history" comparable to double 11’s, and the breakthrough has chosen to gather cost-effectiveness. The biggest game of "Ten Million Explosive Groups" is to maximize the marketing explosive power of the poly-cost-effective sale model.

　　According to Alibaba, during Tmall 618, there were more than 180 million transactions and explosions, more than 4,700 million transactions and more than 4,200 items with sales exceeding 10,000 pieces, making it easy to achieve the small goal of "10 million explosion groups and 100 million explosion groups every day". The "Ten Million Explosive Groups" directly promoted the high growth of poly-cost-effective transaction volume. During the period of 618, the growth rate of poly-cost-effective transaction volume reached 89% year-on-year, and the number of users and purchases in third-and fifth-tier cities both increased by more than 100% year-on-year.

　　Jiang Fan said at yesterday’s press conference: "The reason why Juhua can make such progress in just a few months is because it has returned to the original intention of ten years ago, that is, helping consumers find the best-priced goods in the whole network and helping businesses get customers with the most efficient marketing."

　　The best tool for brand customers.

　　Poly cost-effective comprehensive restart, and further become the brand’s best customer acquisition tool. Before Tmall 618, Juhua clearly put forward the goal of "bringing 300 million new customers to the brand", which was finally successfully achieved.

　　This year, 128 brands of Tmall 618 were among the "Billion Club". More than 100 brands such as CPB, L ‘Oré al, Watsons, Dr. Chengye, Telunsu and Peak surpassed double 11 last year, and the sales performance of some brands reached 40 times that of double 11 last year. In this promotion, almost all the brands that became the "Billion Club" participated in the cost-effective activities.

　　As the "biggest investment in history", 618 strives to convey "affordable" mind to consumers. The original price of Dyson hair dryer is nearly 3000 yuan, and 88VIP discount is added to the poly-cost-effective subsidy coupon, and the hand is as low as 1854 yuan. The brand with the original price of 1499 is bigger than an air conditioner, and it will be subsidized after the direct drop, and the hand price is 859 yuan. On June 18 th, Juhua launched the iPhone XR 618 yuan spike, which was less than 10% off the original price, causing the whole network to snap up. The investment of real money has undoubtedly greatly strengthened the influence of poly-cost-effectiveness on the consumer side.

　　Tmall is the brand’s favorite new product release platform. During this year’s Tmall 618, 80% of the core brands released new products on Tmall. With Tmall’s powerful data and operational capabilities, brands can also aggregate consumer information, understand consumer preferences, conduct new product research and development, and create "explosive models".

　　How to make "explosive models" sell better? Tmall has a set of marketing methodology. In Jia Luo’s view, the sale model is a means to help brands reach new customers as quickly as possible. In fact, there is also a very strong demand for branded goods in the sinking market. Brand goods with high cost performance can also "suck powder" quickly once they reach the sinking market. The long-term accumulated ability of Juhua has played a role in this respect. Before Juhua regained its independence from Tmall, it brought considerable business opportunities to the Tmall brand. In 2018, 80% of the brands that participated in Juhua came from new buyers, and the ability of Juhua to "pull new" can be seen. After the further restart, it was cost-effective, and the killer weapon of "Laxin" was used to the extreme. On June 25, the average growth rate of 400 brands participating in the launch of Tmall flagship store was as high as 47% during Tmall 618.

　　Empowering industrial belt to create new supply

　　The data shows that Handamoy has always been the largest shopping APP with the highest penetration rate in China, with more than 700 million consumers on this platform, with rich and diverse needs. How to meet their more and more diverse preferences, Amoy needs to work hard on the supply side.

　　The breakthrough of Tao department selection is still a good deal. In addition to bringing new customers to traditional head brands, Juhua has set its sights on small and medium-sized businesses on the platform. Through their digital transformation, they can provide more high-quality and affordable products, which can meet the diverse needs of consumers and create more business growth for middle-aged businesses.

　　Poly-cost-effective phase of the industry with businesses. In this year’s Tmall 618, a large number of small and medium-sized brands have entered people’s sight through Taobao, such as Yage electric mosquito swatter, Miaoyou children’s socks, Yi Enbei wet wipes, plant protection paper products, Fupai electric toothbrush, and Caramella socks. Although they don’t have the star aura of international brands, they are favored by consumers with high quality and low price. The reason behind it is also very simple. They have entered a cost-effective industrial belt support plan.

　　As a big manufacturing country, China manufacturers have strong production capacity, forming various types of industrial belts such as digital accessories, electric toothbrushes, socks and paper towels. Many industrial belt manufacturers have long been OEM for well-known brands, but they lack their own brands. The daily sale of Juhua’s products fills the shortcomings of industrial belt merchants in operation, technology and brand ability, which can not only help them upgrade their products by digital means, but also solve the sales channels of their goods.

　　On the other hand, when these industries bring merchants to the front desk, many categories of consumption upgrades have successfully reached the sinking market for the first time. For example, the electric toothbrush, a typical "consumption upgrade" commodity, was sold in the sinking market during Tmall 618. Fupai, an electric toothbrush brand in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, sold 14,051 pieces in one minute after the opening of 618, and sold 400,000 pieces in 16 hours. Juhua cost-effectively pushed the industrial belt merchants and successfully awakened the upgrading needs of consumers in the sinking market. The industrial belt merchants also successfully won 466 million orders during the period of 618.

　　Observing this year’s 618, the strong rise of poly-cost-effective is the most noteworthy phenomenon. To some extent, the battle of sinking market has been rewritten. Juhua Cost-effective, by its own efforts, has driven more transactions than the whole platform in JD.COM and Pinduoduo, which means that it has become the natural choice for users in the sinking market.

　　For consumers, the "cost-effective" mentality has been established, and strong consumer insight and price competitiveness have greatly enhanced the user stickiness of the cost-effective platform. On the other hand, poly-cost-effectiveness has also become the integration of "Alibaba’s commercial operating system", which can effectively empower different types of businesses. The top brands can get more new customers through poly-cost-effectiveness, and the middle-waist businesses can also realize their own product evolution and brand upgrade through poly-cost-effectiveness.

　　The key for Amoy Department to maintain its own competitiveness lies in creating new supply for consumers so as to meet their new demands. And poly-cost-effectiveness is the key link, and it has withstood the test in the 618 War.

　　In the first week of May 2025, 13,478 sets of "Bank" certification statistics were reported. Due to holidays, the number of reports this week decreased by about 12% compared with last week. Among them, 12,087 vehicles (accounting for about 90%, a decrease of about 8% compared with last week) were tested according to national standards, and 7,851 vehicles (accounting for about 58%, a decrease of 12% compared with last week) met the league standard, an increase of about 6% compared with the same period in 2024, and the overall vehicle condition and quality improved.

　　From the uploaded mileage data of vehicle sources, the proportion of "quasi-new car" data of 10,000-30,000 kilometers increased by 1% compared with last week, and the "relatively new car" data of 30,000-50,000 kilometers decreased by 1% compared with last week. The "cost-effective" vehicle source data of 50,000-100,000 kilometers and the "old" vehicle source data of more than 100,000 kilometers were the same as last week, and the quality of data reported this week was improved.

　　Regionally, affected by holidays, except for Shandong, Anhui, Hunan and other places, there was a significant increase compared with last week, and the rest areas all dropped significantly compared with last week.

　　What is bank authentication? "Hang" certification is a certified second-hand car quality information traceability management system introduced by china automobile dealers association based on the national standard "Technical Specification for Appraisal and Evaluation of Used Cars" and the group standard "Technical Specification for Appraisal and Evaluation of Passenger Cars" for all business entities in the field of second-hand car circulation throughout the country. By establishing a unified industry standard vehicle condition traceability mechanism and dispute review mechanism, it helps to build a bridge of trust between second-hand car business enterprises and consumers and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of all parties in the second-hand car consumption.