In the competition with the same class models, it is worth mentioning in terms of space performance. Not much to say, let’s take a look.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of Mercedes-Benz EQE first. The front shape of Mercedes-Benz EQE looks cold and domineering. The headlights are young and individual, and many interesting details can be seen from them. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, automatic steering, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4969 mm * 1906 mm * 1514 mm. The car adopts dynamic lines, and the side gives people a very avant-garde feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, smooth lines run through the whole side of the car. In the rear part, the rear and the front echo each other from a distance, and the taillights present a full design style with a tough shape.

Sitting in the car, Mercedes-Benz EQE interior design is simple and generous, and the whole looks very cute. The steering wheel of the car is well designed, made of genuine leather, and the visual effect is good. Let’s take a look at the central control, with a 12.8-inch central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and looks clean and refreshing. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats again. The dashboard of this car presents a cold design style and looks very simple. The car adopts imitation leather seats, which are wide and thick and comfortable.

Mercedes-Benz EQE is equipped with a motor with a total power of 215KW and a total torque of 556N.m It has good acceleration, excellent cruising range and good power performance.

The car is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, interior atmosphere light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations, which are rich in functions and greatly enhance its convenience of use.

The model class introduced today is the most considered class when many people buy their first car, mainly because the size of this class is moderate and the price is reasonable. If you like this car, don’t hurry to learn more about it!

　　In 2016, China Wushu Research Institute celebrated its 30th anniversary and held a symposium on the 30th anniversary, which was an important milestone in the development history of Chinese Wushu.
　　　 In the 30-year Development History of China Wushu Research Institute published at the end of last year, Zhang Qiuping, director of Wushu Sports Management Center of State Sports General Administration, chairman of Chinese Wushu Association and president of Wushu Research Institute of State Sports General Administration, prefaced the new book, reviewed the glorious course and achievements of Wushu development in China, remembered the contributions and efforts made by the majority of Wushu workers, looked forward to the future, inherited and developed, and opened up a new situation for the development of innovative Wushu.

Brilliant 30 years
　　　

　　In the Preface, Zhang Qiuping pointed out that Wushu is a cultural treasure of the Chinese nation, which has been passed down for thousands of years. It is an important part of Chinese traditional sports and culture, with rich connotations and diverse functions, and plays an irreplaceable role in general sports. Practicing martial arts can not only enhance physical fitness, but also become an important way and carrier to spread and publicize China and enhance the soft power of national culture. It is also an important means to carry forward national spirit, unite national feelings and enhance national identity and cultural identity.
　　　 After the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Party and the government attached great importance to the development of Wushu. In 1953, the State Sports Commission specially set up a national sports research society. He Long, then director of the State Sports Commission, put forward the working principle of "exploring, sorting out, improving, carrying forward and developing Wushu", which has important historical guiding significance for the development of Wushu.
　　　 After the National Wushu Work Conference in December, 1982, an unprecedented scale of Wushu heritage excavation and arrangement was carried out in China, and fruitful results were achieved. Taking this as an opportunity, with the approval of the State Science and Technology Commission and the Ministry of Personnel in 1985, the Wushu Research Institute of the State Sports Commission was formally established in Beijing Capital Gymnasium in March, 1986, with Xu Cai, then deputy director of the State Sports Commission, as the first president, opening the Wushu cause.
　　　 Zhang Qiuping pointed out that in the past 30 years, the development of Wushu has made brilliant achievements: social Wushu activities have flourished, the competitive Wushu system has been improved day by day, the channels for international promotion and exchange have been continuously broadened, Wushu scientific research and academic activities have achieved fruitful results, and Wushu work for young people and schools has been steadily promoted; New breakthroughs have been made in Wushu industry and professional competitions. Wushu’s cultural function, sports function, social function, fitness function, educational function and market function have all been unprecedentedly displayed and developed. The 30 years since the establishment of Wushu Research Institute is the 30 years of rapid development of Wushu and the 30 years of its glory.

Scientific research and academic achievements are fruitful.
　　　

　　Over the past 30 years, China’s competitive Wushu system has been gradually improved. In terms of Wushu competition system and rules, in addition to routine events, Sanda, short soldiers, pushers, skill and other competition events have been further developed, further improving the Wushu competition system and forming a competition system with parallel development of Wushu routines and Sanda. According to the development law of Wushu events and the requirements of the development of the times, the competition rules and judging laws have been constantly revised and improved, which has made the Wushu competition rules more perfect and standardized, leading the development direction of competitive Wushu.
　　　 Over the past 30 years, social Wushu activities have flourished. Actively promoting the extensive development of Wushu national fitness activities is one of the foothold and goals of Wushu work. By holding mass Wushu events, various Wushu cultural festivals, exchange competitions, expositions and open competitions are deeply welcomed by traditional Wushu lovers at home and abroad, and China has formed various types of international and domestic competition brands; Remarkable achievements have been made in the "six advances" of Wushu, and the "hometown of Wushu" has become the inheritance and demonstration area for the development of social Wushu. Activities such as "Journey to the West of Wushu Frontier" and "Walking to the Grassroots" have effectively promoted the vigorous development of social Wushu activities.
　　　 At the same time, the work of Wushu between teenagers and schools has been steadily advanced. Teenagers are the main body of inheriting national culture and the future of the motherland. Popularizing Wushu in primary and secondary schools is the need of the development of quality education, and it is also the need of Wushu inheritance and development. With regard to the training of Wushu reserve talents, a platform of youth training competition system has been initially formed, which is mainly composed of the National Youth Championship, the National Wushu School Competition and the National Traditional Sports School League, and basically covers the young people practicing Wushu in junior sports schools, private Wushu schools and ordinary primary and secondary schools.
　　　 In addition, martial arts research and academic activities have also achieved fruitful results. Since its establishment, Wushu Research Institute has been undertaking the work of Wushu scientific research, academic exchange, publication of academic monographs, school Wushu education, member management, and Grade evaluation. Over the years, the Wushu Research Institute has organized national experts and scholars to edit and publish martial arts theoretical works and reference books such as China Wushu Boxing Record, China Wushu History, China Wushu Dictionary, China Wushu Encyclopedia, Grade Series Course of Chinese Wushu, and Wushu Series Aerobics for Primary and Secondary Schools. In cooperation with China Sports Newspaper Corporation, the academic journal "Chinese Wushu Research" was founded, and a platform for academic exchange of Wushu was established, which has gradually become an authoritative academic journal of Wushu.
　　　 In recent years, with the courage of deepening reform, the project has intensified the development of sports events and made continuous innovations. The martial arts industry and professional sports events have achieved initial results, and a number of high-end brand sports events have emerged to meet the needs of the times. Such as Sanda King Competition, China Kungfu Sanda Championship, Sanda Super League, Sanda Chinese-foreign Competition, Wushu Routine Wang Zhongwang Championship, National Wushu Dui Grand Prix and other events. In addition, the development of expansion projects such as Muay Thai, free fighting and ultimate fighting has gradually matured and achieved excellent results.

Give full play to the role of Wushu
　　　

　　Zhang Qiuping emphasized that the achievements and progress made in the development of Wushu in the 30 years since the establishment of Wushu Research Institute are attributed to the cordial care of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the great attention and correct leadership of the State Sports General Administration, and the hard work and unremitting efforts of all comrades in the national Wushu community.
　　　 He pointed out that the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period is a decisive stage for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way, a crucial period for realizing the grand goal of "two hundred years" and the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream, and also a strategic opportunity period for building a "healthy China" and promoting the great development of sports. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Proposal on Formulating the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, adopted by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, puts forward a new goal of promoting the construction of a "healthy China", which is an inevitable requirement for realizing the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation, and reflects the great importance attached by the CPC Central Committee to improving people’s health.
　　　 Zhang Qiuping emphasized that Wushu, as a traditional sport of the Chinese nation, has the functions of physical fitness, self-defense and self-cultivation, which can effectively improve people’s health and quality of life, and is increasingly becoming an important choice for people’s fitness. Therefore, we should firmly establish the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, and give full play to the role of Wushu in the construction of "healthy China".
　　　 He said that 2016 is the first year of the 13th Five-Year Plan and the first year of the implementation of the Five-Year Plan for the Development of Wushu in China (2016-2020). We should unify our thinking, pay close attention to implementation and ensure that the goals and tasks set out in the Plan are implemented. Coordinate the international and domestic situations and strengthen international promotion, cooperation and exchanges; Promote the reform of Wushu competition system and standardize the unified technical system at home and abroad; Widely carry out social Wushu activities and provide rich and colorful activities; Pay attention to media propaganda, carry forward Wushu culture, and promote Wushu work for teenagers and schools; Pay attention to the cultivation and construction of Wushu scientific research team, implement the strategy of scientific and technological innovation, strengthen the inheritance and protection of traditional Wushu, cultivate the market of Wushu industry, increase the supply of Wushu products, help the national strategy of national fitness and serve the construction of "healthy China".
　　　 Zhang Qiuping pointed out that Wushu has gradually developed into a sports event which not only integrates the traditional culture of China, but also embodies the national characteristics, has a unique style and conforms to the laws of modern sports. We have established an efficient organization, formed a systematic competition system, gradually improved the theory and discipline system, and have a strong mass base, which has won wide recognition and favor from people all over the world. Facing the historical opportunities and challenges in the new era, the vast number of Wushu workers and enthusiasts are working hard and exploring constantly, and the development of Wushu will surely have a new leap.

The mainstream car has a moderate size, which can meet all needs well, and the price of the mainstream car is also reasonable, so it is right to buy it! Domestic cars have always been concerned, and today is one of them. Now let’s follow Xiaobian to see what it has done.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of Starway Chasing the Wind. The front face of Starway Chasing the Wind presents a simple design style and is equipped with a layered air intake grille, which looks sporty. Headlights are very in line with the aesthetics of consumers, and the overall look has a certain sense of hierarchy. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, delayed shutdown and so on. Coming to the side of the car, the size of the car body is 4538MM*1848MM*1699MM, and the car adopts fashionable and simple lines, which gives people a very calm feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it gives people a very deep feeling. In terms of the rear end, the tail line of Starway Chasing the Wind is comfortable, and the taillights give people a very soft feeling. The layout of the exhaust pipe uses a bilateral double-out shape, which is neat and vivid.

Sitting in the car, the interior adopts a full design, which is very simple and generous. The steering wheel of the car is very simple in shape and made of leather, giving a good grip experience. From the central control point of view, the car decoration has a steady touch-control LCD central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and gives people a feeling full of exquisiteness. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats again, which are very eye-catching. The car adopts imitation leather seats, which are wrapped in place and have good overall comfort.

Starway Chasing Wind matches CVT gearbox, with an acceleration time of 9.7s per 100 kilometers, which has good power performance and is completely OK for daily use.

The car is equipped with remote control key, rear wiper, interior ambience light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), CarPlay support and other configurations, and the configuration performance is quite good, giving drivers and passengers a comfortable car experience.

Summary of the full text: Many people buy SUVs because of its stronger passability. The car is practical and fully equipped, and it is a good helper for home travel.

Sometimes, it is more important to take every step right than to take every step well!

From the first chess piece in 2003 to the overall situation in 2021, BYD has completed the phased strategic goal, which is like the first stage of the Marvel universe that has ended. Word of mouth and box office have achieved a win-win situation. Today, let’s talk about BYD’s "DM hybrid system" (Dual Mode is dual-mode technology and BYD plug-in hybrid technology platform).

Technical route overview of BYD DM hybrid system

This article is long, so you can read it according to the table of contents.

The first section: the first generation of DM hybrid system: the starting point of domestic plug-in hybrid

Section II: Second Generation DM Hybrid System: Performance Trend, 542 Strategy

Section III: Third Generation DM Hybrid System: Complementing Shortboards and Improving Performance

Section IV: BYD DM-p Hybrid System: Dual Platform Strategy

Section 5: BYD DM-i hybrid system: a master, your self-research

Section VI: Vehicles equipped with BYD DM-i hybrid system

Section VII: BYD DM dual platform strategy: phased results

The first generation DM hybrid system: the starting point of domestic plug-in hybrid

As early as 2003, BYD began to invest manpower and material resources in the research and development of plug-in hybrid system, and five years later, it launched the first generation DM hybrid system, which was installed on BYD F3DM (officially listed on December 15th, 2008). The historical significance of BYD F3DM lies in:

1. The "plug-in hybrid system" was officially brought into the mainstream market of hybrid vehicles;Compared with the Great Wall and Geely mentioned earlier, BYD’s basic hybrid technology has basically never left the concept of "plug-in hybrid system", so at least in this technical decision, there are not too many detours;

2. The technical concept of a new dual-motor architecture is mass-produced;This sentence is difficult to understand, so let’s take a look at the technical characteristics of the first generation DM hybrid system.

The design concept of "the first generation DM hybrid system" is mainly energy-saving. Through the structure of double motors and single-speed reducer with a 1.0-liter self-priming three-cylinder engine, three driving modes are realized: pure electric, extended range, hybrid (including direct drive) and three driving modes. The structure of "the first generation DM hybrid system" belongs to the classic "P1P3 motor architecture";

The first generation DM hybrid system also has four basic driving modes:

Pure electric mode:The "engine" is not started, the "clutch" is disengaged, and the "drive motor" drives the vehicle;

Series mode (extended range mode):The "engine" starts to drive the "generator" to generate electricity and supply it to the "battery", and the "drive motor" drives the vehicle;

Parallel mode:The "engine" is started and the "clutch" is coupled. At this time, the "generator" and the "driving motor" do work at the same time to jointly drive the vehicle.

Kinetic energy recovery mode:The "clutch" is disconnected and the "drive motor" recovers kinetic energy.

In addition, the "first generation DM hybrid system" is a special working condition during cruising, and two cruising modes are also designed:

Cruise direct drive mode:Clutch coupling, engine direct-drive vehicle, generator and drive motor do not do work;

Cruise power generation mode:The engine is started, the generator generates electricity to charge the battery, and the clutch is combined to drive the vehicle, while the drive motor does not do work.

Working principle of the first generation DM hybrid system (moving picture)

The maximum power of the first generation DM hybrid system is 50kW for the engine, 25kW for the generator and 50kW for the drive motor. The whole system is matched with each other, and the power consumption of pure electricity is 16kWh/100km, and the fuel consumption of comprehensive working conditions is 2.7L/100km. Interestingly, although the "first generation DM hybrid system" is a plug-in hybrid system, it is the same as a pure electric vehicle.Equipped with fast charging interface, you can charge 50% in 10 minutes.

However, the "first generation DM hybrid system" is not without its shortcomings, such as:

1.　Poor transmission smoothness:Because the chain drive is adopted between the "output shaft" and the "main reducer", it has high cost, easy wear, poor transmission stability and extra vibration and noise;

2.　Low upper power limit:Moreover, due to the cost at that time, the two "motors" and "engines" were equipped with low power (when the power was sufficient, the maximum total power was about 80kW), and the acceleration time per 100 kilometers was 10.5s, so the power was weak. In addition, because the "drive motor" is directly connected to the "output shaft", the maximum speed is limited by the maximum speed of the "motor";

3.　High car price:BYD F3DM is about 80,000 more expensive than the fuel version.

I wonder if you can see the similarity between the two.

However, we have to deny the historical significance of the "First Generation DM Hybrid System". This hybrid architecture, which was earlier than the "Honda i-MMD Hybrid System" (listed in 2012), not only affects the future of BYD, but also is a milestone of the whole hybrid car industry. Moreover, the technical concept of the "First Generation DM Hybrid System" is still glowing up to now. In the "BYD DM-i Hybrid System" since then,

The second generation DM hybrid system: performance trend, 542 strategy

The main idea of "the first generation DM hybrid system" is energy saving, but in terms of power, it is really unacceptable to many consumers. Therefore, the "Second Generation DM Hybrid System" released in 2013 has embarked on another concept-Performance trend.

Schematic diagram of the second generation DM hybrid system (Tang DM 2015)

Since the concept has changed, the whole structure has been naturally adjusted: the strategy of using the motor has been changed from the original P1P3 motor structure to the combination of P3P4 motor structure, and the whole hybrid system is the combination of P3 motor +P4 motor+engine, so BYD’s "three engines and four wheels" powertrain was born.

Schematic diagram of the second generation DM hybrid system (Tang DM 2015)

Based on the structure of the second-generation DM hybrid system, its driving modes can be roughly divided into the following categories:

Pure electric mode:"Battery" power supply, "P3 motor" and "P4 motor" jointly drive the car;

Series mode (extended range mode):The "engine" drives the "P3 motor" to generate electricity through the power generation gear of the gearbox, and the "P4 motor" drives the vehicle, and more electricity is stored in the "battery". However, judging from the powertrain composition of the front axle,There is no "series mode" in the "second generation DM hybrid system"In addition, to enter the "series mode", several harsh conditions must be met:

1. The power is less than 5%;

2. The vehicle speed is less than 15km/h and kept for 5 seconds;

3. After entering the mode, the vehicle speed still cannot exceed 20km/h, otherwise it will exit.

Parallel mode:That is, the "engine" and the front and rear two "motors" work at the same time. In this mode, the effect of timely four-wheel drive is realized, but it can be subdivided into two states:

Driving power generation:The "engine" drives the "front wheel" through the "transmission" and drives the "P3 motor" to generate electricity, while the "P4 motor" adjusts the output power according to the working conditions. At this time, from the powertrain of the front axle, it is a mode of "engine direct drive";

Driving without generating electricity:The "engine" drives the "front wheel" through the "transmission" but does not generate electricity. The output power of the "P3 motor" and "P4 motor" is adjusted according to the working conditions only to ensure the strongest power.

Parking power generation:The "engine" drives the "P3 motor" to generate electricity through the "power generation gear" of the transmission.

The second-generation DM hybrid system is the BYD Qin DM (model 2014) for the first time. The power system of this vehicle consists of a 1.5Ti in-cylinder direct injection engine (maximum power of 113kW), a 6-speed dry powershift (DT35) and a P3 motor (peak power of 110kW), and the acceleration of 100 kilometers is 5.9 seconds.

BYD Tang DM(2015 model) with "542" printed under the A-pillar.

Since then, BYD has improved the "second-generation DM hybrid system", continued to increase the power, and installed this system on the "BYD Tang DM" (2015 model). The main changes are as follows:

1.　"Engine" upgrade:1.5T (maximum power 113kW) is upgraded to 2.0T (maximum power 151kW/320N·m)；);

2.　The "transmission" changed from "dry" to "wet";When the 6-speed dry "powershift" is replaced by the 6-speed wet "powershift", the sense of power interruption is further weakened, and the ability to adjust the efficient working area of the "engine" is enhanced;

3.　Add "P4 motor":Add a P4 motor with the same peak power (110kW) as P3 motor.

Tail logo of BYD Tang DM(2015 model)

The overweight "three-engine four-wheel drive" hybrid system can output nearly 400kW of power, and the comprehensive torque can reach 800N·m, which realizes the acceleration of SUV for 4.9 seconds. In order to intuitively let consumers know that "BYD Tang DM" (2015 model) can run for 5 seconds, so BYD directly put "『4.9s』" on the tail label of the car.

Working principle of the second generation DM hybrid system (moving picture)

But for the "second-generation DM hybrid system", the most deadly sentence is nothing more than "a dragon with electricity, a caterpillar without electricity". There are actually several reasons behind this sentence:

1.　Weak feed:As mentioned earlier, from the hybrid powertrain of the front axle, the "second generation DM hybrid system" has no "series mode", that is to say, there is no "P1 motor" or "P0 motor", and there is no "generator" with continuous power supply, so it is impossible to maintain the power for a long time. The power can’t be maintained, and oil will be used if there is no power, which also leads to the decline of fuel economy of the overall hybrid system;

2.　"P3 motor" has low efficiency in some working conditions:Because the P3 motor is located at the output shaft of the transmission, it does not accept the speed regulation of the transmission, but only adjusts the speed through the fixed reduction gear. Therefore, at high speed, the efficiency is low, and the torque provided to the wheels will also be drastically reduced. In addition, when the vehicle speed is low, the P3 motor is running at a low speed and cannot charge the battery with high power.

Let’s find fault together. See the difference?

However, the "second generation DM hybrid system" also has a milestone significance from the technical concept, which has made BYD’s."542 strategy"(5 stands for acceleration within 5 seconds per 100 kilometers, 4 stands for full-time electric four-wheel drive, and 2 stands for fuel consumption within 2 liters per 100 kilometers), and the hybrid technology is separated from the traditional logic of pure fuel saving, just as this series has always reminded everyone that "fuel saving is not the whole of hybrid car technology". In addition, the "second generation DM hybrid system" also laid a solid foundation for the "BYD DM-p hybrid system".

The Third Generation DM Hybrid System: Complementing Shortboards and Improving Performance

Time has come to 2018, and the BYD Tang DM equipped with the "third generation DM hybrid system" has been rejuvenated. From the architecture of the hybrid system, the "third generation DM hybrid system" inherits most of the characteristics of the "second generation DM hybrid system", but it also brings a big improvement.

Schematic diagram of the third generation DM hybrid system structure

That is, at the P0 position in the front section of the "engine", it was added."BSG motor"(P0 motor), this "BSG motor" with a maximum power of 25kW mainly plays several roles:

With the addition of P0 motor, series connection can be realized (theoretical state).

1. Feed functionBy realizing "series connection" in a small power range, the shortcomings of the "second generation DM hybrid system" are made up.

2. Start the "engine"When the "engine" is started, the "BSG motor" intervenes to increase the speed of the "engine" in advance, so as to avoid the ignition of the "engine" in the low-speed area with insufficient combustion and large vibration, and realize the rapid and smooth start and stop of the "engine";

3. Adjust the "engine" speedIn the process of shifting gears, BSG motor can adjust the "engine" to reach the specified speed, thus improving the shift smoothness during driving.

Byd Tang DM(2018 model)

In addition to P0 motor, the third generation DM hybrid system is also equipped with a more powerful P4 motor, which has been increased from the maximum power of the previous generation of 110 kW/250 N m to 180 kW/380 N m. Therefore, the acceleration of 100 kilometers has also been increased from the original 4.9 seconds to 4.3 seconds (BYD Tang DM is 4.5 seconds).

The third generation DM hybrid system has further become a family bucket.

Another major upgrade of the third-generation DM hybrid system is the electronic control system. Through the integration of motor and electronic control equipment, the high-voltage 3-in-1 technology and drive 3-in-1 technology are finally realized, which greatly improves the performance, reduces the weight and reduces the volume. In addition, in addition to the "three-engine four-wheel drive" with oversized cups, BYD also enriched the collocation of the "third-generation DM hybrid system", and introduced the combination of "two-engine four-wheel drive" (P0 motor +P4 motor) and "two-engine front drive" (P0 motor +P3 motor), which were installed on the "BYD Song MAX DM" and other vehicles.

BYD DM-p Hybrid System: Dual Platform Strategy

In June 2020, BYD released the dual-platform strategy of DM hybrid system, namely "DM-p" and "DM-i".

"p" means "『powerful』"Inherited the structural design concept of the second and third generation "DM hybrid system" that pursues power and speed, and meets the consumers who pursue speed;

"I" means "『intelligent』"It inherits the structural design concept of the first generation of "DM hybrid system" that pursues energy saving and high efficiency, and satisfies consumers who pursue car economy.

Among them, the "BYD DM-i hybrid system" has changed greatly from the first generation. We will start later. Let’s take a look at the "BYD DM-p hybrid system" with relatively small structural changes.

The first batch of Han DM equipped with DM-p (June DM(2020)

Since the previous generation has added the 25kW BSG motor, I personally think that the design of BYD DM-p hybrid system takes the optimization of 『NVH』 and ride comfort as the core goal of the upgrade. So we can see:

1. 7-speed powershift.Compared with the previous 6-speed "powershift", the speed ratio difference is reduced and the ride comfort is improved. At the same time, the "transmission" uses more "ball bearings" to replace the original "cone bearings", reducing the friction area and improving the noise;

2. Redesigned powertrainThe engine (1.5T or 2.0T) and the intake and exhaust system of BYD DM-p hybrid system have been optimized and upgraded. For example, the 1.5T engine optimizes the bearing bush to reduce the clearance and friction. At the same time, optimize the "chain" to reduce the noise caused by the "engine" driving the "BSG motor", and for example, put the "CRV valve" outside to reduce the noise caused by the pressure relief of the "supercharger".

Principle of BYD DM-p hybrid system (moving picture)

Of course, the working mode of BYD DM-p hybrid system is relatively complete. Take the structure of "three engines and four wheels" as an example, including:

Pure electric mode: Suitable for commuting in urban road conditions, with pure battery life up to 100km；;

Series mode: "Engine" and "generator" are connected in series to generate electricity, and "drive motor" drives them;

Parallel modeThe "engine" and "driving motor" are driven together, and the acceleration of 100 kilometers is 4.5 seconds;

Cruise modeThe "engine" drives and generates electricity, the expressway runs at a constant speed, and the "engine" drives in a high efficiency range, which not only ensures power but also realizes economy and fuel saving;

Kinetic energy recovery mode: The "engine" and the "motor" of the front and rear axles simultaneously recover kinetic energy.

One more thing to mention here, we can see that the model equipped with BYD DM-p hybrid system has been able to achieve a pure battery life of 100km (battery capacity of 21.5kWh), which is also a bright spot in the strategy of "BYD DM dual platform". So, I will take a good look at how many surprises BYD DM-i hybrid system has brought.

Byd DM-i hybrid system: a master, you are in self-research

If the design concept of the first-generation DM hybrid system is energy-saving and fuel-saving, then the BYD DM-i hybrid system is sublimated. By adding a high-power motor and a high-capacity battery, the engine becomes an auxiliary component of power, and finally the effect of "using more electricity and less oil" is achieved.

Schematic diagram of disassembly of BYD DM-i hybrid system

The biggest advantage of BYD DM-i hybrid system is not the complicated structure, but the core control systems such as engine control system, motor control system and battery management system have been independently developed, including but not limited to:

"Xiaoyun Engine":1.5L and 1.5Ti "special engines for plug and mix";

"EHS system":A "hybrid special transmission" that inherits the design concept of "first generation DM hybrid system";

"Blade battery":High discharge rate and flexible collocation of "hybrid special power blade battery".

Next, let’s take a look at these core components separately.

1. "Xiaoyun Engine": Born only for high efficiency.

At present, there are two types of "engines" in Xiaoyun series, which focus on economy respectively."1.5L Special Engine for Plug-in and Mixing"(hereinafter referred to as "1.5L engine") and high performance, configured on C-class "DM-i" models."1.5Ti special engine for plug and mix"(hereinafter referred to as "1.5Ti engine").

Showcase of Xiaoyun 1.5Ti plug-in hybrid engine

The "1.5Ti engine" has a "compression ratio" of 12.5. The technical highlight is that its "turbocharger" adopts a "variable cross-section" design, which enables the "turbocharger" to supercharge in a wider speed range, thus ensuring the supercharging effect at low speed and not affecting the exhaust pressure at high speed.

Showcase of Xiaoyun 1.5L plug-in hybrid engine

The "1.5L engine" can be said to be "the masterpiece of BYD in the field of hybrid engines", and it has truly been "born for electricity". Compared with the traditional "engine", its overall structure has been greatly adjusted, and finally it has achieved a thermal efficiency of 43.04%. Digging into its technical principle, we can see that:

Schematic diagram of variable valve timing technology

Atkinson cycle ("Miller cycle"):By delaying the closing time of the intake valve through the variable valve timing technology, the energy consumption of the compression stroke in the four-stroke is reduced, and the expansion stroke remains unchanged, so that the mixed gas can do more work, improve the utilization rate of the mixed gas energy and reduce the exhaust loss. This technology can be seen in many "hybrid engines", and most OEMs will call this cycle "Atkinson cycle". The story is in "Really?" Now the "Atkinson" of hybrid cars is fake? I have explained it in detail in the article, so I won’t go into details here;

Conceptual diagram of compression ratio

15.5 Superhigh "Compression Ratio":Generally speaking, we think that the greater the compression ratio, the more work the engine does (that is, the greater the compression ratio, the higher the efficiency of the engine). The "1.5L engine" is designed with an ultra-high "compression ratio" of 15.5: 1, which also reflects its goal of efficiency first. Of course, as far as the compression ratio is concerned, BYD’s Xiaoyun Engine is definitely the best in the industry.

Schematic diagram of EGR valve working principle

Efficient "EGR" technology:In order to improve the overall efficiency of the "engine", an efficient "exhaust gas recirculation system" is essential. By optimizing the "exhaust gas recirculation system", BYD has increased the "EGR rate" to 25%, reducing the intake loss of the "engine" under medium and low load conditions, and also reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides. The "low-pressure water-cooled EGR technology" of Geely’s "Hybrid Special Engine" ("DHE15") mentioned earlier has the same technical logic;

Hybrid special engine after slimming

Cancel the traditional "gear train" and adopt "split cooling technology";Compared with the traditional engine, the biggest change of the 1.5L engine is to cancel the gear train of the engine, including the mechanical compressor, mechanical vacuum pump, mechanical steering booster pump and mechanical water pump. But for the sake of efficiency, the electric water pump is combined with the electronic double thermostat to realize the separate cooling of the cylinder block and the cylinder head.

Showcase of two Xiaoyun plug-in hybrid engines

Generally speaking, this "1.5L engine" (peak power 81kW/ peak torque 135N·m) aiming at hybrid efficiency has achieved the goal of 43.04% thermal efficiency theoretically through many technical optimizations such as 15.5 ultra-high compression ratio, Atkinson cycle, efficient EGR, low friction and cancellation of traditional gear train.

2. "EHS system": the core of BYD DM-i hybrid system

After talking about Xiaoyun Engine, there is another core of BYD DM-i Hybrid System: Hybrid Special Transmission, which BYD calls EHS System or E-CVT.

The structure of "EHS system" is "series-parallel double motors" structure, and its working principle inherits the design concept of "first generation DM hybrid system" with "electric drive as the center" and has been carried out.Overall optimization：

1. Different from the first-generation DM hybrid system, BYD DM-i hybrid system juxtaposes two high-speed motors that can reach 16,000 rpm, thus reducing the volume of the whole hybrid special transmission by about 30% and the weight by about 30%;

2. The "engine" is directly connected to the "generator" (P1 motor or ISG motor), connected to the "reduction gear" through the "clutch", and finally goes to the "output shaft". The "drive motor" (P3 motor) directly passes through the "reduction gear", and finally "power" also flows to the "output shaft", which is more efficient and fuel-efficient.

Schematic diagram of EHS system structure

According to the power of the drive motor, the current EHS system consists of three versions:

· 「EHS132」：The peak power of "generator" is 75kW, and that of "driving motor" is 132kW；;

· 「EHS145」：The peak power of "generator" is 75kW, and that of "driving motor" is 145kW；;

· 「EHS160」：The peak power of "generator" is 90kW, and that of "driving motor" is 160kW.

When the three EHS systems are adapted to the vehicle models, different Xiaoyun engines will be adopted:

"EHS 132" and "EHS145" adopt 1.5L "Xiaoyun Engine";

EHS 160 adopts Xiaoyun 1.5Ti Xiaoyun Engine.

Schematic diagram of working principle of BYD DM-i hybrid system (moving picture)

And "BYD DM-i hybrid system" also has the common working mode of hybrid system:

Pure electric mode:When starting and driving at low speed, the "drive motor" is powered by the "battery" to drive the vehicle;

Series mode:The "engine" drives the "generator" to generate electricity, and the electric energy is output to the "driving motor" through "electronic control" to directly drive the "wheels". When driving at low or medium speed or accelerating, if the "SOC value" is high, the vehicle control strategy will switch the drive to pure electric mode and stop the "engine". If the SOC value is low, the control strategy will make the engine work in the best efficiency area of oil consumption, and at the same time, the surplus energy will be converted into electric energy through the generator and temporarily stored in the battery, so that it is not easy to lose electricity under all working conditions.

Parallel mode:When the driving power demand of the whole vehicle is relatively high (such as overtaking at high speed or driving at ultra-high speed), the "engine" will be out of economic power, and at this time, the control system will let the "battery" intervene at an appropriate time to provide electric energy to the "drive motor" and form a parallel mode with the "engine";

Kinetic energy recovery mode:When braking, kinetic energy is recovered by "driving motor";

Engine direct drive mode:When cruising at high speed, the power of the engine is directly applied to the wheels through the clutch module in the EHS system, so that the engine is locked in the high-efficiency area. At the same time, in order to avoid the waste of the energy of the engine, the generator and the driving motor are on standby at any time, and when the power of the engine is surplus, they intervene in time to convert the energy into electric energy and store it in.

Schematic diagram of BYD flat wire motor

As mentioned earlier, from the complexity of structure and working principle, the "EHS system" may not be so amazing, but there are several key technologies behind this system, including but not limited to:

"Flat wire motor":The "motor" in "EHS system" adopts flat wire winding technology. According to official data, the highest efficiency of "motor" reaches 97.5%, the rated power is increased by 32%, the high-efficiency interval (the interval with efficiency greater than 90%) accounts for 90.3%, and the mass power density reaches 5.8 kW/kg.

The fourth generation "IGBT system" developed by ourselves;According to official data, the comprehensive efficiency of BYD’s "electronic control" is as high as 98.5%, and the "electronic control" high-efficiency area (that is, the area where the "electronic control" efficiency exceeds 90%) accounts for as high as 93%, which greatly reduces the loss of electronic control and improves efficiency.

Schematic diagram of manufacturing process of BYD’s fourth generation IGBT (moving picture)

Generally speaking, the core of EHS system is to make the engine focus on the best efficiency range and play more role as the motor.

3. "Blade Battery": BYD’s wayward capital

According to the official news, the blade battery used in BYD DM-i hybrid system should be slightly different from the blade battery used in pure electric vehicles. The official name is "hybrid special power blade battery", which makes me sigh that the main engine factory that can make its own battery is qualified for willfulness, and its special features are as follows:

Schematic diagram of BYD blade battery

The voltage of a single "battery" reaches 20V;Each battery is connected in series with several (presumably 6) soft package winding batteries, so that the voltage of a single battery can reach more than 20V, ensuring that the battery can still have enough voltage to ensure the driving efficiency of the motor when the power is low.

"Battery pack" can be flexibly matched:A single "battery pack" consists of 10 to 20 "blade batteries", in other words, the power will be between 8.3 and 21.5 kWh, that is, the theoretical pure battery life can be set between 50 and 120 km. Therefore, BYD can match "battery packs" with different capacities on different levels of vehicles;

Simplified structure and high space utilization;This is actually the common feature of BYD’s blade batteries. For example, the batteries are arranged vertically, so that the sampling wires, wires and data wires of the batteries can be placed on one side, thus reducing the structural complexity and improving the unit energy density of the battery pack.

Longitudinal arrangement of hybrid special power blade batteries

Of course, the analysis of the characteristics of other "blade batteries", such as the "discharge rate" and secondary packaging technology of "batteries", will not be expanded here, and we will open a separate article to explain it in detail. In a word, "blade battery" is as important as "Xiaoyun engine" and "EHS system" for the whole BYD DM-i hybrid system, which is indispensable and extremely important.

Byd Qin plus DM-i equipped with BYD DM-I hybrid system

To sum up the BYD DM-i hybrid system in one sentence, I think it can be said as follows:A self-developed hybrid system based on electricity has three core hybrid technologies and four main hybrid modes to create a driving experience with low fuel consumption and high comfort.

Vehicles equipped with BYD DM-i hybrid system

After talking about the technology of BYD DM-i hybrid system, let’s take stock of which BYD models have been or have been confirmed to be equipped with BYD DM-i hybrid system:

1. The Four Heavenly Kings who have officially served.

Qin PLUS DM-i

Official comprehensive endurance: 1245km

Price: 108,800-148,800 yuan

Qin PLUS DM-i is BYD’s first DM-i model, which was officially launched in March last year. In terms of appearance, Qin PLUS DM-i is based on the latest "『Dragon Face』" design concept, and at the same time, it incorporates new design elements. At present, this does represent the design ideas of some BYD models.

In terms of power, Qin PLUS DM-i is equipped with a 1.5L engine+drive motor, the maximum power of the engine is 81kW, and the drive motor has two kinds of power: the maximum power of the low power version is 132kW, and the zero acceleration is 7.9s；; The maximum power of the high-power version is 145kW, and the acceleration is 7.3s.

In terms of battery life, Qin PLUS DM-i is equipped with two blade batteries with different capacities of 8.32kWh and 18.32kWh. The corresponding pure electric cruising range is 55km and 120km respectively, and the minimum fuel consumption is 3.8L/100km.

Applicable people: the price is close to the people, the lowest electricity loss and fuel consumption, suitable for users who are mainly economical and comfortable.

Song PLUS DM-i

Official comprehensive endurance: 1200km

Price: 149,800-202,800 yuan

Song PLUS DM-i is BYD’s first SUV equipped with DM-i, which was officially launched in March last year like Qin plus DM-I. In terms of appearance, the new car is only slightly modified than Song PLUS, equipped with a larger blackened air intake grille, and the "Song" logo has been moved to chrome trim. Compared with the current Song PLUS model, the body height of the Song PLUS DM-i is reduced by 10mm, and the rest are the same.

In terms of power, the Song PLUS DM-i is equipped with a 1.5L engine+drive motor. The maximum power of the engine is 81kW, and the drive motor has two kinds of power: the maximum power of the low-power version is 132kW, and the zero acceleration is 8.5s；; The high-power version has a maximum power of 145kW and an acceleration of 7.9s. The top four-wheel drive version is equipped with a 1.5T engine, with a maximum power of 102kW, two drive motors of 145kW and 120kW, and an acceleration of 5.9s at zero speed.

In terms of battery life, Song PLUS DM-i is equipped with two blade batteries with different capacities of 8.3kWh and 18.3kWh. The corresponding pure electric cruising range is 51km and 110km (four-wheel drive version is 100km), and the minimum fuel consumption is 4.4L/100km and 4.5L/100km respectively.

Applicable people: compact SUV, suitable for users with space needs, and a performance version is available.

Tang DM-i

Official comprehensive endurance: 1050km

Price: 192,800-219,800 yuan

The third DM-i model was Tang DM-i, which was officially launched during the Shanghai Auto Show last year. In terms of appearance, Tang DM-i kept the design idea of "『Dragon Face』". Compared with Qin and Song Hui, it is sharper and more atmospheric, and the roof design of the suspended roof is also in line with the aesthetics of current consumers.

In terms of power, Tang DM-i is equipped with a 1.5T engine+drive motor, the maximum power of the engine is 102kW, and the drive motor has two kinds of power: the maximum power of the low-power version is 145kW, and the zero acceleration is 8.7s；; The high-power version has a maximum power of 160kW and an acceleration of 8.5s.

In terms of battery life, Tang DM-i is equipped with blade batteries with different capacities of 9.98kWh and 21.5kWh, corresponding to the pure electric cruising range of 52km and 112km respectively, and the minimum fuel consumption is 5.3L/100km and 5.5L/100km respectively.

Suitable crowd: medium-sized SUV with seven large seats and higher configuration, which is also suitable for users with space needs.

Song Pro DM-i

Official comprehensive endurance: 1090km

Price: 135,800-160,800 yuan

Song Pro DM-i is the latest DM-i model, which was officially launched in late December last year. Appearance, Song Pro DM-i followed BYD’s family-style design language and adopted the design concept of "『Dragon Face』". The proportion of front grille increased from 60% to 75%, D-pillar "Long Lin" decoration was added, and a new color scheme of "Kirin Brown+Sky Grey" was added to the interior, which improved the overall look and feel.

In terms of power, Song Pro DM-i is equipped with a 1.5L engine+drive motor. The maximum power of the engine is 81kW, and the drive motor has two kinds of power: the maximum power of the low-power version is 132kW, and the zero acceleration is 8.5s；; The high-power version has a maximum power of 145kW and an acceleration of 7.9s.

In terms of battery life, Song Pro DM-i is equipped with two blade batteries with different capacities, 8.3kWh and 18.3kWh, corresponding to the pure electric cruising range of 51km and 110km respectively, and the minimum fuel consumption is 4.4L/100km and 4.5L/100km respectively.

Applicable people: the price is more close to the people than Song PLUS DM-i, and it is suitable for users who value cost performance and have space needs.

2. "Four New Stars" who are eager to try.

New Tang DM-i

Official comprehensive endurance: estimated 1200km

Pre-sale price: unpublished

In terms of appearance, the new Tang DM-i has been slightly adjusted. The mesh grille has been changed into a Long Lin-shaped decoration, and the logo of Xiao Zhuan "Tang" on the decorative strip has been branded to the center of the chrome-plated decorative strip. The overall design is still the well-known Dragon Face 3.0 design.

In terms of power, the new Tang DM-i will be equipped with a 1.5T engine and a drive motor, with the maximum power of 102kW for the engine and 160kW for the drive motor. In addition, the new car will also provide a four-wheel drive high-performance version, equipped with two drive motors of 160kW and 200kW, with a zero-acceleration of only 4.3s.

In terms of battery life, the new Tang DM-i will be equipped with a blade battery with a capacity of 45.8kWh, which corresponds to a pure electric cruising range of 252km and 215km, and the minimum fuel consumption is 5.6L/100km and 6.5L/100km, respectively. These two cars are likely to correspond to two-wheel drive models and four-wheel drive models. It is worth mentioning that the pure battery life of 252km is also the strongest existence of plug-in hybrid models in China.

Applicable people: Compared with the current Tang DM-i, it is also suitable for users with performance requirements.

Han DM-i

Official comprehensive endurance: estimated 1300km

Pre-sale price: unpublished

In terms of appearance, the front air intake design has changed slightly, and the taillights have been replaced with a new style. The length, width and height of Han DM-i are 4975/1910/1495mm and the wheelbase is 2920mm respectively. Compared with the current Han DM model, the body length is 15mm longer, and the rest are the same.

In terms of power, Han DM-i is equipped with a 1.5T engine+drive motor, and the maximum power of the engine is 102kW. The standard battery life is equipped with a driving motor with a maximum power of 145kW, the ultra-long battery life version is 160kW, and the four-wheel drive high-performance version is equipped with two driving motors of 160kW and 200kW respectively, with a zero-speed acceleration of 3.7s s.

In terms of battery life, Han DM-i will be equipped with blade batteries with different capacities of 18.3kWh and 37.6kWh, respectively, and the corresponding pure electric cruising range is 121km and 242km (performance version is 202km). Among them, the minimum fuel consumption of the model equipped with 18.3kWh battery is 4.2L/100km.

Applicable people: users who have high requirements for the rear space and prefer the driving sense of cars, and have performance versions to choose from.

Song MAX DM-i

Official comprehensive endurance: 1090km

Pre-sale price: 146,800-173,800 yuan

In terms of appearance, the Song MAX DM-i has hardly changed much compared with the Song MAX, and it still provides two different versions, 6-seat and 7-seat. However, it is worth mentioning that on two of the models, the new car is equipped with a "cabin roof" configuration, and the height of 1880mm allows children to walk freely in the car.

In terms of power, the Song MAX DM-i will be equipped with a 1.5L engine and a driving motor, with the maximum power of 81kW for the engine and 132kW for the driving motor, and the acceleration at zero speed is 7.9s.

In terms of battery life, the Song MAX DM-i will be equipped with two blade batteries with different capacities of 8.3kWh and 18.3kWh. The corresponding pure electric cruising range is 51km and 105km respectively, and the minimum fuel consumption is 4.4L/100km. Among them, the 105km version supports fast charging, and it takes only 30 minutes to charge the power from 30% to 80%.

Applicable crowd: large space, low floor, more friendly to users of family cars.

Destroyer 05 DM-i

Official comprehensive endurance: estimated at 1090km

Pre-sale price: or 120,000-160,000 yuan

This player is special, not belonging to the above-mentioned BYD Dynasty series, but belonging to BYD Ocean series, with a slightly higher positioning than Qin PLUS DM-I.. In terms of appearance, destroyer 05 adopted the design concept of "marine aesthetics". All the transverse trims on the front of the new car form a plane together with the brand-new LED headlights, which looks very unique.

In terms of power, destroyer 05 will adopt the same powertrain as Qin PLUS DM-i, equipped with a 1.5L engine and a drive motor. The maximum power of the engine is 81kW, and the drive motor has two kinds of power: the maximum power of the low-power version is 132kW, and the zero-speed acceleration is 7.9s；; The maximum power of the high-power version is 145kW, and the acceleration is 7.3s.

In terms of battery life, destroyer 05 will be equipped with two kinds of blade batteries with different capacities, corresponding to the pure electric cruising range of 55km and 120km respectively, and the minimum fuel consumption is 4.4L/100km. Among them, the 120km version supports 17kW fast charging, and it only takes 25 minutes to charge from 30% to 80%.

Applicable people: it has a higher positioning than Qin PLUS DN-i, and is suitable for users who are more exquisite.

BYD DM Dual Platform Strategy: Phased Achievements

On January 3, 2022, BYD announced the sales data for 2021: In 2021, 730,093 passenger cars were sold, among which 272,935 vehicles equipped with BYD DM hybrid system were sold. With the appearance of many models equipped with "BYD DM-i hybrid system", it is believed that the sales of BYD DM models will increase steadily.

The beginning of recycling: an overview of the technical route of BYD DM hybrid system

When we review the course of BYD’s DM hybrid system, we will find that BYD’s DM dual-platform strategy is a staged victory after nearly 20 years of technology accumulation:

Architectural changes of BYD DM hybrid system in past dynasties (moving picture)

Finally, I summarized the basic parameters and architecture of each generation of "DM hybrid system", and summarized the characteristics and historical significance of each generation:

Parameters & Architecture of the First Generation DM Hybrid System (for reference only)

The "first generation DM hybrid system" determined the hybrid architecture with the design concept of fuel economy, but it failed to open the market due to the factors of "engine", "three power" technology and manufacturing cost at that time. It should be said that the historical significance of the "first generation DM hybrid system" is greater than its market significance.

Parameters & Architecture of the Second Generation DM Hybrid System (for reference only)

The "second generation DM hybrid system" is an attempt by BYD to build a "high-performance hybrid system". Although there are obvious problems in energy consumption and feed capacity, it has raised the upper limit of the performance of this price hybrid model, which has strong industrial significance.

Parameters & Architecture of the Third Generation DM Hybrid System (for reference only)

With the continuous improvement of BYD’s technology in "Three Electricity", the practicability of "the third generation DM hybrid system" has been greatly improved, especially the hybrid solution with high-power "BSG motor", which has surprised many colleagues.

Parameters & Architecture of BYD DM-p Hybrid System (for reference only)

The BYD DM-p hybrid system is a milestone of BYD’s phased solidification of the "three motors+powershift" hybrid scheme. Under the two technical guarantees of "high power motor+large capacity battery", the vehicles equipped with BYD DM-p hybrid system have made another qualitative leap in NVH, power switching smoothness and energy consumption.

Byd DM-i hybrid system parameters & architecture (for reference only)

Of course, "BYD DM-i hybrid system" is the trump card of BYD in the field of hybrid technology at present, and its economy and practicality are self-evident. As summarized before, the most valuable point of BYD DM-i hybrid system is that BYD has the ability to develop and manufacture key components such as battery, electronic control and electronic control chip.

Parameter list of BYD DM hybrid system in past dynasties (for reference only)

If you want to ask me: "Is the current BYD DM hybrid system good? My answer is: After nearly 20 years of development, BYD DM Hybrid System has developed into a school of its own in terms of technology and production, and it is quite mature. As for whether to recommend people to buy it, I still have those two sentences:

So, we have got a car equipped with BYD DM-i hybrid system. As for which car, please look forward to it ~ ~ Keke ~ ~

ELECTRA GLIDE? HIGHWAY KING, king of the supreme gliding highway

ELECTRA GLIDE? HIGHWAY KING is the third motorcycle model launched by Harley-Davidson Icons collection, which is the purest embodiment of nostalgia. Lace wheels, wide white tires, two-color windshield, single suspension seat and well-designed color matching are all inspired by the pure Harley-Davidson collection model-1968 FLH Extreme Gliding Model.

Harley-Davidson Icons collection series, as an annual project of limited brand sale, gives a new interpretation to Harley-Davidson’s iconic motorcycles. As a limited series, each model has an independent number and will only be issued once. No more than 1,750 vehicles will be produced worldwide for the King of the Extreme Gliding Highway.

Highway King offers two vehicle color schemes: Yaomu Orange (limited production of 1,000 vehicles worldwide) and Yaomu Magenta (limited production of 750 vehicles worldwide). The hard-shell trunk is made of birch white and a black cowboy panel. The outer surface of the fuel tank is dotted with birch white stripes, which is different from the overall tone of the motorcycle. The badge of the fuel tank is very similar to that of the 1968 model. Icons collection series of patterns and serial badges are laser carved on the surface of dashboard plug-in board.

The lower half of the detachable windshield matches the color of the car body. Single seat is equipped with black and white seat cover and chromium alloy guide rail, which is installed on adjustable coil spring and shock absorber. This is a tribute to the style of Harley-Davidson FL in the 1960s. Classic devices such as wheels woven with chrome steel belts, wide white-edged tires, chrome front fender and saddle guide rail, front fender skirt and Ventilator air filter cover add a nostalgic feel to the new car. The words "Electra Glide" are engraved on each side of the front fender.

The king of the supreme gliding highway was inspired by the Harley-Davidson wagon system with rigid skeleton design. The new chassis is specially designed for long-distance riding. Single hydraulic knob can facilitate the preload adjustment of shock absorber after emulsion technology, so as to achieve the best riding and handling experience according to the actual load of motorcycle. The 49mm front fork adopts double-bend valve suspension technology, which brings a smooth riding experience according to the linear damping characteristics.

Milwaukee-Eight? 114 V twin-cylinder engine provides powerful power for motorcycles. For performance-oriented knights, this engine can be adapted to all Harley-Davidson Wuthering Eagle stage upgrade kits. The standard electronic cruise control system can maintain a stable riding speed, which can keep the riders comfortable after a long ride. Halogen headlights and auxiliary lights provide excellent lighting effect while maintaining nostalgic style. The Reflex?-connected Brembo? braking system ensures stable braking performance. Harley-Davidson’s complete set of knight safety enhancement system is the standard configuration of new models, including cornering enhanced anti-lock braking system, cornering enhanced electronic linkage braking system, cornering enhanced traction control system, cornering enhanced torque drag reduction control system and vehicle holding control system.

120th Anniversary Edition Model

The limited production of Ultra Limited flagship gliding anniversary edition, Roadglide Special customized road gliding anniversary edition and Fat Boy? 114 114th anniversary edition use different 120th anniversary special paints, and their colors and design combinations are inspired by the early Harley-Davidson motorcycles. Each new car adopts the classic paint coating scheme, with the flashing dissolved crimson as the background color. The outer ring of the panel is decorated with a circle of bright red pinstripes, and the outline is covered with night red. The diamond medal painted with the eagle, the seat cover with the Harley-Davidson brand logo with red side panels and gold embroidery, and the powertrain insert with a gradual dark red color together form a brand-new model with a very artistic atmosphere.

Harley-Davidson represents the eternal pursuit of adventure and free soul. Please visit H-D.com to learn more about Harley-Davidson’s touring car series, sports car series, adventure touring car series, cruise car series, three-wheeled motorcycles, Harley-Davidson-certified second-hand motorcycles, Harley-Davidson original accessories and components, Harley-Davidson riding equipment and Harley-Davidson financial services in 2023.

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About Harley-Davidson

Harley Davidson Co., Ltd. is the parent company of Harley Davidson Motorcycle Company and Harley Davidson Financial Services. Our vision is: Harley-Davidson will create Harley legend and lead the development of the industry through innovation, reform and emotional construction. Our mission: Harley-Davidson not only makes motorcycle machines, but also represents the eternal pursuit of adventure and soul freedom. Since its establishment in 1903, Harley-Davidson has been leading the trend in the field of motorcycles, making customers enjoy riding. The company not only provides customers with all kinds of avant-garde and unique motorcycle products, but also creates a unique brand lifestyle through unparalleled riding experience activities, product accessories, riding equipment and clothing. Harley-Davidson Financial Services also provides customers with a complete set of loan schemes and insurance products and services to help customers roar on the road. See harley-davidson.com for more Harley-Davidson stories.

For more information about Harley-Davidson motorcycles and products, please see h-dmediakit.com.

On October 20th, according to Cardesignonline, WeChat official account, the second global car of Guangzhou Automobile Ai ‘an was exposed. The overall shape of the car was rounder, and the headlights were designed with irregular contours.

On October 16th, Zhang Fan, Vice President of Guangzhou Automobile Research Institute, Benoit Jacob, Director of Global Executive Design of Guangzhou Automobile Research Institute, and Stéphane Janin, Director of European Forward-looking Design Center of Guangzhou Automobile Design, gathered in Milan Forward-looking Design Center of Guangzhou Automobile to discuss the trends and challenges of future automobile design.

During the event, Zhang Fan, vice president of Guangzhou Automobile Research Institute, showed the design of the second global model of Ai ‘an for the first time, which is about to be in 2024 Guangzhou Auto Show was officially released..

　Held from November 15th to 24th, 2024.

Special feature of 1905 film network Come with the latest director’s work "The Great Anti-Faction"!

The film tells the story of Bi Chao, a little actor played by Bao Beier, who got the chance of being a villain by chance. But because of an accident, I lost my memory and thought I was the villain. In the story of a play in a play, I began my journey to find myself.

Judging from the plot outline, the film more or less makes Bao Beier form some kind of intertextuality inside and outside the play.

The film is still his good comedy form, but compared with the pure "funny" in the past, he is about to turn 40, and his works have more self-expression. "I hope I can bring a better life to my family through my career."

Just for the expectation or evaluation of the outside world, Bao Beier will sigh at the camera of the 1905 film network, "I will be nervous and anxious."

Today, his focus is still on making the film well. "I know that I still have many shortcomings, so I will be anxious. I think a good film is the result of everyone’s efforts, but a bad film, as a director, is definitely the biggest responsibility. "

01.

In recent years, Bao Beier has been working outside for a long time, lacking the opportunity to accompany his family. "I have always felt guilty and want to make a movie about family and desire."

So, he started the creation of the film "The Great Anti-Faction", hoping to warn himself through such a work, "What is the most important thing in life." It took him and the team a year and a half to write a single script in the early stage.

There is a line in the movie, "Desire is endless. When I have a Casio, I want a Rolex. When I have a Rolex, I want a more expensive watch." With the growth of Bao Beier’s age, "I feel that desire is not so important, but more important is family, affection and friends."

Therefore, in the film "The Great Anti-Faction", the career and work faced by the character Bi Chao became the main story line of the film development. "This is also an exposition of my present age. Everyone has expectations for his career and hopes to bring a better life to his family through his career."

However, after the pre-editing, Bao Beier spent a lot of time making post-adjustment.

After two rounds of film testing in the later period, after listening to the audience’s opinions, Bao Beier deleted a role — — A talking dog, "Dogs can bark and interact with actors, and we also have subtitles for its barking."

This interest has not been recognized by the audience, but it feels very "second". After all, "The Great Anti-Faction" is a family movie. Although Bao Beier’s heartache is deleted, "everything is still based on the happiness of the audience."

After watching the rough cut version, the director felt that the film still lacked certain content, "the family drama was not thoroughly played."

Therefore, Bao Beier revised it again, called the original team, and made up the scene of bichao arguing with his wife Wu Wen (ornaments) after returning home from the red carpet. "Everyone can help the audience understand the idea of bichao."

In addition, Bao Beier’s films also incorporate many emotional projections of his family.

In the movie, Bi Chao and his wife are eating instant noodles in the basement; Bi Chao saw the birth of a child for the first time. "It’s all because he can flash back to the best bridge in his memory after amnesia. If I want to say what is the most important moment in my life, I may think of the birth of a child and the hard life I had with my wife. "

Whether it’s creative ideas or self-projection, for Bao Beier, "the premise is to make a complete story, describe a group of interesting people and create a distinctive role."

02.

Bao Beier regards the film "The Great Anti-Faction" as his primary school graduation work, because in the drama "Happy Detective" directed as a director for the first time, he wrote "First Grade Primary School Work" at the end of the film.

But later, someone told him that the work was personal and the film work was everyone’s. After that, he never used the word "work" in the films he directed.

This time, he was originally in the movie, and the word card of "Director Bao Beier" was written as "Ordinary Director Bao Beier". However, after reading it, the director suggested that he take off the word "ordinary", otherwise others would pay too much attention.

"For me, I am just an ordinary director, just like how many points can this work get? If I can pass, I will be very happy. " Or if the score can be higher than his previous score, "I think the efforts these days have not been in vain."

In the whole interview conversation, the word that Bao Beier said the most was "effort".

"I still know that I still have many shortcomings, so I will be very anxious." Both actor Bao Beier and director Bao Beier have tried their best. "Maybe the aesthetics or knowledge at each stage are not enough. I hope I can read more books and watch more movies to make myself better than one."

At that time, Bao Beier chose to try to be a director, largely because he wanted to have more possibilities. Admittedly, hard work is more like a footnote for the past 40 years of his life.

Like many boys, Bao Beier had a rebellious youth, worked as a waiter in a disco, sold chewing gum and met all kinds of drunken people. It seems that from a very early age, he was used to all kinds of social activities. These experiences also made him have a lot of understanding of acting, and also made him a top student in his class while studying in Beijing.

When studying, as long as there is a big drama, he is the hero; After graduation, he seldom acted. In those years, he played a drama with Mahua FunAge, acting as a partner and waiting for others. But at that time, he felt inferior. Mary has been the "queen of the stage" who has played thousands of games, and Wei Xiang’s sense of the scene is even more full of house color. "I didn’t play as funny as them, and each of them applauded much more than me when the curtain call was over."

Bao Beier still works hard to get close to these people and get more works. No matter what role he plays, he will take it whenever there is an opportunity. Later, he and Mary acted in the director’s "Battle of Shama Town", which is a relatively large commercial film.

At the beginning of this year, he and Mary made a new film together, and suddenly found themselves working with Wei Xiang and Li Jie many times in the past few years. Instead, they haven’t worked with Li Jie for a long time, but they feel very subtle. "She has always taken care of me and helped me, just like going back to the age when everyone has to chip in to eat hot pot, and there will be more than ten hours in the rehearsal hall a day."

"At that time, the process of creation was very happy, and the result was always full of expectations and yearning." Bao Beier used to set himself a "next five-year plan", hoping to achieve his goal and really become an actor.

Now Bao Beier doesn’t care so much. "Make a living first." He is no longer an individual actor, he has to consider family life and keep the whole company and team running behind him.

03.

Bao Beier sometimes misses making movies.

In the past, when the film was released, he would walk into the cinema and observe the audience’s reaction. "Like, when you leave the cinema, you are already very happy to hear the audience happy."

Only now that he has become a director, he has become more anxious. "I have to worry about the box office, worry about word of mouth, and worry about more and more things."

Compared with his controversial comedies in the past, his short film "Nezha" with realistic style directed on a variety show was quite recognized at that time.

Why not continue this creative state?

Bao Beier thought about this problem, only from the perspective of the management, but also hoped that he could create a family movie. "And from a personal point of view, I am not a very happy person in my life, so I hope that comedy will bring some joy to people who are full of pressure in their lives."

In the past few years, Bao Beier has been given a lot of time to think, and he knows all the controversies or criticisms from outside. He sometimes thinks, do you want to come out and explain, or in some form, let everyone know a more comprehensive and complete Bao Beier.

But he knows that after explaining a question, more questions will appear. "I can’t make people who don’t like me like me." If one day someone who doesn’t like me sees that my things are getting better, he may not change his attitude. He can only choose not to talk. "

Perhaps it was those experiences in adolescence that made him understand the ups and downs of the world earlier. "I can’t explain to everyone what kind of person I am and whether I am a good person."

For the filming of "The Great Anti-Faction", my wife and daughter gave unconditional encouragement; In addition to Xú Zhēng and Zhang Luan, Zeng Zeng and the team helped. All this support made Bao Beier understand that his efforts were still seen.

"since I am an actor, I will speak with the role; Since I am a director, I will talk about my works. If the audience feels bad or doesn’t like it, as long as I can shoot, I will try to make it better little by little; If no one voted, I will vote for it myself. If I can leave my work in the galaxy of this era, I am happy and can’t stay. I have been engaged in my favorite career, which is also a very happy thing. "

On the night of the Golden Awards, Liu Yun (alias "Fish Head Yun"), who has been in the business for 50 years, was awarded the "Professional Spirit Award", and his award also made the name "Dragon and Tiger Martial Master" appear to the public again.

Recently, the documentary "Dragon and Tiger Martial Arts" released its first preview poster. Director Wei Junzi revealed that this is the first documentary that reveals the changes of Hong Kong Dragon and Tiger Martial Arts in all directions for more than 60 years. "No matter in the past or now, the dedication of’ Dragon and Tiger Martial Arts’ and their spirit are worth inheriting and remembering."

The poster revolves around the phrase "Never Say No", which is the figure of dragon and tiger martial artists fighting for their lives to show martial arts, jumping off buildings, flying cars, catching fire and other thrilling stunts. The four characters "Dragon and Tiger Martial Master" were inscribed by Andy Lau himself. "Dragon Tiger Martial Arts Division" is a collection of the strongest "martial arts division lineup". Director Wei Junzi spent two years interviewing and filming nearly 100 martial arts seniors and newcomers, and accomplished an almost impossible task-gathering action superstars and famous martial arts fingers such as Sammo Hung, Jackie Chan, Yuan Heping, Cheng Xiaodong and Donnie Yen to tell the glorious era from costume martial arts to fashion action; With famous directors such as Tsui Hark, Liu Weiqiang and Wu Siyuan, through the decline of Hong Kong films in the golden age, the diversity of dragon and tiger martial artists is presented; Then, Qian Jiale, Chung Chi Li, Ku Huen Chiu and other Mesozoic Wuzhi shared their experience from the environment of Hong Kong and the mainland in recent years; Other senior martial artists, such as Mars, Liu Yun, Hou Yaozong, Benny and Zhong Fa, also made their debut this time, which opened another stage of "heroes come forth in large numbers". (Nie Qing)

Recently, the film "Learning Dad" which was produced and starred by Bo Huang is being shown, and the crew also held roadshows in various cities to meet the audience. An audience asked Bo Huang at the scene: You played your father in School Dad and Mozart in Outer Space. Why was that movie so bad?

"He (the audience) said it, (that) he still cares about me and loves me." Huang Bo first expressed his gratitude to the questioning audience. "So he sometimes thinks for you how did you do this? Because he may have certain standards for you before. "

Bo Huang went on to say that, like the audience, actors are just ordinary people. "We will face some choices, such as having some themes. If you don’t try, you will always stand in the original place; Try it, and it may or may not work. I can’t stand in the same place forever. If I take a step forward, it may be a fork in the road, and I need to continue to go down. "

Bo Huang said frankly, "Whether it’s variety shows or movies, it’s all the work I have to face … I got a lot from it, but of course I lost some. In this process, in fact, just like you, I am thinking about it myself, and I can judge it myself … People can’t walk uphill forever. Whether it is rising or falling, I think it is my life, and I have to face it. "

Netizens have been amazed at Bo Huang’s on-the-spot reaction and high emotional intelligence: "God, that’s a great answer, neither denying the audience nor denying yourself." "Work is like sailing against the current, if you don’t advance, you will retreat. Always try new things … It’s good to succeed, but it’s good to accumulate experience if you fail. ""Bo Huang’s emotional intelligence is really powerful. ""Huang Bo is really a man with a pattern, and he likes it very much. ""It’s amazing, and he deserves to eat this bowl of rice. ""Bo Huang’s answer is really sincere. "

Source: Red Star News

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　　　[car home new car listed] At the 2024 Beijing Auto Show, the 2024 model (|) was officially listed.The new car has launched a total of four configurations.Price areabetween/separate/space in between/roomRMB 428,000-516,000, and RMB 358,000-388,000 for BaaS model..The new car as a whole continues the design of the current model and is upgraded in six categories. The new car will be delivered nationwide on April 30, offering three limited-time gifts of 10,000 yuan, and a Nappa advanced interior suit worth 21,000 yuan can be given by paying a deposit before June 30.

　　This auto show released the new ET7 executive edition, which is equipped with exclusive Yue Hui silver color scheme, giving a new interpretation to ET7′ s calm business sense and elegant sports sense. A new 21-inch multi-spoke rim is added, and the ten-spoke rim is matched with Michelin Pilot Sport EV series of high-performance tires to better balance the face value and performance. In addition, the new car also added the "EXECUTIVE EDITION" signature trailer. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 5101mm, 1987mm and 1509mm respectively, and the wheelbase reaches 3060 mm.

　　In terms of interior, the new car has added the theme of "Pamir Brown", which is matched with the dark gray microfiber ceiling, making the whole cabin environment more business-advanced. In addition, the soft covering area is increased at the upper end of the instrument panel, and the design of the HUD joint part is optimized to enhance the tactile and visual exquisiteness of the interior. The volume of the forward sensing hardware module in the car is optimized by 7%, which improves the vision of the front windshield; The touch of the front center armrest is optimized, and the opening size of the rear center channel is increased by 26%, making it more convenient to use. In addition, the 2024 models also use anti-pollution, anti-bacterial fabrics and innovative environmental protection materials.

　　Another highlight of the new car is the adoption of a brand-new flight executive seat, which is the same as ET9. The front row supports 18-way electric adjustment, with rear cushion lifting. The maximum inclination of the chair backrest is 82, and the maximum inclination of the chair backrest is 54 in the screen state. In the one-button relaxation mode, the tail of the cushion automatically rises (automatically adjusts from 50 degrees), which better supports the buttocks and makes the lying posture more comfortable.

　　The rear row adopts double independent seats and supports 14-way electric adjustment, and the flight headrest has also been upgraded. The rear seat also has a cup seat sliding function, which can be opened with one button, and the backrest angle can be adjusted from the standard position of 27 to 37. At the same time, the new car also has a unique hot stone massage at the same level, providing five new seat massage modes: back, waist, Thai, rest and gentleness. As a flight-class seat, its heating can distinguish between cushion and backrest, and realize the independent opening or closing of different areas.

　　In terms of intelligent experience, the back row of the 2024 Weilai ET7 adopts two screen layouts and two 14.5-inch OLED high-definition display screens with 3K high-definition resolution. At the same time, the new model also launched NIO Link multi-screen super conference. After users get on the bus, they can automatically transfer the conference on NIO Phone mobile phone to the car screen, and can connect up to 2 pairs of Bluetooth headsets for private calls.

　　In addition, the car is also equipped with an enhanced version of 7.1.4 immersion sound response system, with the largest number of 23 speakers in the same class, and the power is as high as 2230W W. The upgraded light waterfall type atmosphere light, the black and gray primary color intelligent partition dimming canopy and the 8295P high-performance cockpit chip are all equipped on the 2024 car. NOMI GPT also officially got on the bus, and the ability to ask questions and chat was upgraded. The enhanced head-up display system HUD is upgraded to 16.3 inches.

　　In terms of power, the car is equipped with a silicon carbide high-efficiency electric drive platform and comes standard with an intelligent dual-motor four-wheel drive system. The maximum power is 480kW, the maximum torque is 850Nm, and the 0-100km/h acceleration is only 3.8 seconds. It is equipped with three kinds of battery packs, which are 75kWh, 100kWh and 150kWh respectively, and the battery life of CLTC is 550km, 705km and 1050km respectively. The new car offers 5 normal driving modes +5 scene driving modes. At the same time, air suspension, ISS intelligent comfortable braking system and Weilai intelligent chassis still appear in the car. (Text/car home yaoyu)